Cortical bone

Cortical bone is a type of bone that is much denser and stronger than trabecular bone, the other main type of bone tissue. It is also known as compact bone and makes up about 80% of the total bone mass in an adult human body.

Structure[edit | edit source]

Cortical bone is composed of multiple layers, or lamellae, which are circular plates of bone matrix that surround the central Haversian canal. The Haversian canal contains the bone's blood vessels and nerve fibers. The cortical bone also contains osteons, which are cylindrical structures that provide a surface for the deposition and removal of bone tissue.

Function[edit | edit source]

The main function of cortical bone is to support the body and protect the organs. It also provides attachment points for muscles and stores and releases calcium and phosphorus, two minerals that are essential for the body's normal functioning.

Diseases and conditions[edit | edit source]

Certain diseases and conditions can affect the health and strength of the cortical bone. These include osteoporosis, a condition that causes bones to become weak and brittle, and osteomalacia, a condition that softens the bones. Other conditions that can affect the cortical bone include Paget's disease of bone, which causes bones to become deformed and weak, and osteogenesis imperfecta, a genetic disorder that causes brittle bones.

Treatment and prevention[edit | edit source]

Treatment for diseases and conditions that affect the cortical bone typically involves medication, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery. Prevention strategies include maintaining a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

See also[edit | edit source]

Cortical bone Resources
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