Hydroxymatairesinol

Hydroxymatairesinol (HMR) is a type of lignan, a class of phytoestrogens found in various plant sources. It is particularly abundant in the Norway spruce, from which it is commercially extracted. HMR has been studied for its potential health benefits, including its possible role in reducing the risk of certain types of cancer and cardiovascular disease.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Hydroxymatairesinol is a dimer of coniferyl alcohol, a type of monolignol. Its chemical structure consists of two coniferyl alcohol units linked together by a beta-O-4 linkage, the most common type of linkage in lignans. HMR is a chiral molecule, meaning it has a non-superimposable mirror image. It exists in two enantiomeric forms, (+)-HMR and (-)-HMR, which have slightly different properties.

Sources and Extraction

The primary natural source of hydroxymatairesinol is the Norway spruce (Picea abies), a tree species native to northern and central Europe. The lignan is found in the tree's knotwood, a type of wood tissue that forms around branch junctions. HMR can be extracted from knotwood using a variety of methods, including steam distillation and solvent extraction.

Health Benefits

Research has suggested that hydroxymatairesinol may have several potential health benefits. These include:

• Cancer Prevention: Some studies have found that HMR and other lignans may help to reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, including breast cancer and prostate cancer. This is thought to be due to their phytoestrogenic properties, which allow them to bind to estrogen receptors and potentially inhibit the growth of hormone-dependent tumors.

• Cardiovascular Health: HMR may also have benefits for cardiovascular health. It has been shown to reduce blood pressure in animal studies, and some research suggests it may also help to lower cholesterol levels.

Safety and Side Effects

Hydroxymatairesinol is generally considered safe when consumed in moderate amounts, such as those found in a typical diet. However, as with any supplement, it is possible to experience side effects, particularly with high doses. These can include nausea, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. Anyone considering taking HMR as a supplement should consult with a healthcare provider first.

See Also

• Lignan
• Phytoestrogen
• Picea abies