Nutritional agents
List of vitamins and nutritional supplements
- vitamins and nutritional agents
- acesulfame potassium
- alanine - a crystalline amino acid that occurs in many proteins
- alitame
- arginine aspartate
- arrowroot - white flowered west indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch; a nutritive starch obtained from the root of the arrowroot plant; canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained
- asparagine monohydrate
- aspartame - an artificial sweetener made from aspartic acid; used as a calorie free sweetener
- aspartame acesulfame
- aspartic acid - a crystalline amino acid found in proteins and occurring naturally in sugar beets and sugar cane
- betacarotene
- biotin - a b vitamin that aids in body growth
- calcium ferrous citrate
- calcium fluoride
- calcium mefolinate
- acetylcarnitine hydrochloride
- carnitine
- levocarnitine
- levocarnitine hydrochloride
- levocarnitine propionate
- levocarnitine propionate hydrochloride
- casein - a milk protein used in making e.G. Plastics and adhesives; a water base paint made with a protein precipitated from milk
- choline bitartrate
- choline chloride
- chondroitin sulfate
- iron complex
- chromium trichloride
- chromium tripicolinate
- citrulline - an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine
- cod liver oil - an oil obtained from the livers of cod and similar fishes; taken orally as a source of vitamins a and d
- calcium copperedetate
- copper chloride
- copper gluconate
- copper sulfate - a copper salt made by the action of sulfuric acid on copper oxide
- cyclamic acid
- calcium cyclamate
- potassium cyclamate
- sodium cyclamate
- cysteine - an amino acid containing sulfur that is found in most proteins; oxidizes on exposure to air to form cystine
- cysteine hydrochloride
- cystine - a crystalline amino acid found in proteins (especially keratin); discovered in bladder stones
- dectaflur
- dextrin - any of various polysaccharides obtained by hydrolysis of starch; a tasteless and odorless gummy substance that is used as a thickening agent and in adhesives and in dietary supplements
- icodextrin
- ferric ammonium citrate
- ferric carboxymaltose
- ferric pyrophosphate
- ferritin - a protein containing 20% iron that is found in the intestines and liver and spleen; it is one of the chief forms in which iron is stored in the body
- ferrocholinate
- ferrous ascorbate
- ferrous aspartate
- ferrous chloride
- ferrous fumarate
- ferrous gluceptate
- ferrous gluconate
- ferrous glycine sulfate
- ferrous lactate
- ferrous oxalate
- ferrous succinate
- ferrous sulfate
- dried ferrous sulfate
- ferrous tartrate
- ferumoxytol
- folic acid - a b vitamin that is essential for cell growth and reproduction
- folinic acid
- calcium folinate
- calcium levofolinate
- sodium folinate
- folitixorin
- fructose - a simple sugar found in honey and in many ripe fruits
- gleptoferron
- glucose - a monosaccharide sugar that has several forms; an important source of physiological energy
- anhydrous glucose
- glucose monohydrate
- glutamic acid - an amino acid occurring in proteins; important in the nitrogen metabolism of plants; used in monosodium glutamate to enhance the flavor of meats
- glutamic acid hydrochloride
- glutamine - a crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism
- glycine - genus of asiatic erect or sprawling herbs: soya bean; the simplest amino acid found in proteins and the principal amino acid in sugar cane
- halibut liver oil
- hetaflur
- histidine - an essential amino acid found in proteins that is important for the growth and repair of tissue
- histidine hydrochloride
- honey adj. Of something having the color of honey; a sweet yellow liquid produced by bees; a beloved person; used as terms of endearment; verb sweeten with honey
- invert sugar - a mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose resulting from the hydrolysis of sucrose; found naturally in fruits; sweeter than glucose
- iron adj. Extremely robust; home appliance consisting of a flat metal base that is heated and used to smooth cloth; a golf club that has a relatively narrow metal head; implement used to brand live stock; a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood; verb press and smooth with a heated iron
- iron dextran
- iron polymaltose
- iron sorbitol
- iron succinyl protein complex
- iron sucrose
- isoleucine - an essential amino acid found in proteins; isomeric with leucine
- isomalt
- lactose - a sugar comprising one glucose molecule linked to a galactose molecule; occurs only in milk
- leucine - a white crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins that is essential for nutrition; obtained by the hydrolysis of most dietary proteins
- lutein - yellow carotenoid pigments in plants and animal fats and egg yolks
- lysine - an essential amino acid found in proteins; occurs especially in gelatin and casein
- lysine acetate
- lysine hydrochloride
- magnesium fluoride
- maize oil
- malt extract
- maltitol
- maltitol syrup
- maltodextrin
- maltose - a white crystalline sugar formed during the digestion of starches
- manganese chloride
- manganese gluconate
- manganese sulfate
- medium chain triglycerides
- ammonium molybdate
- sodium molybdate
- neohesperidin dihydrochalcone
- neotame
- nicotinamide ascorbate
- nicotinic acid - a b vitamin essential for the normal function of the nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract
- nicotinamide
- olaflur
- ornithine - an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is important in the formation of urea
- pantothenic acid - a vitamin of the vitamin b complex that performs an important role in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids; occurs in many foods
- calcium pantothenate
- phenylalanine - an essential amino acid found in proteins and needed for growth of children and for protein metabolism in children and adults; abundant in milk and eggs; it is normally converted to tyrosine in the human body
- polysaccharide iron complex
- proline - an amino acid that is found in many proteins (especially collagen)
- saccharin - a crystalline substance 500 times sweeter than sugar; used as a calorie free sweetener
- saccharin calcium
- saccharin potassium
- saccharin sodium
- safflower oil - oil from seeds of the safflower plant; oil from safflower seeds used as food as well as in medicines and paints
- selenious acid
- sodium selenate
- sodium selenite
- serine - a sweetish crystalline amino acid involved in the synthesis by the body of cysteine
- sodium feredetate
- sodium ferric gluconate complex
- sodium fluoride - a colorless crystalline salt of sodium (naf) used in fluoridation of water and to prevent tooth decay
- sodium monofluorophosphate
- sodium silicofluoride
- sorbitol
- soya oil
- stannous fluoride - a white powder that is used to fluoridate toothpaste
- starch - a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice; an important foodstuff and used otherwise especially in adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles; verb stiffen with starch
- stevioside
- sucralose
- sucrose - a complex carbohydrate found in many plants and used as a sweetening agent
- sucrose polyesters
- sunflower oil - oil from sunflower seeds
- tagatose
- thaumatin
- threonine - a colorless crystalline amino acid found in protein; occurs in the hydrolysates of certain proteins; an essential component of human nutrition
- tyrosine - an amino acid found in most proteins; a precursor of several hormones
- valine - an essential amino acid found in proteins; important for growth in children and nitrogen balance in adults
- vitamin a - any of several fat soluble vitamins essential for normal vision; prevents night blindness or inflammation or dryness of the eyes
- vitamin b substances
- acetiamine hydrochloride
- benfotiamine
- bisbentiamine
- cocarboxylase - a coenzyme important in respiration in the krebs cycle
- cycotiamine
- fursultiamine
- octotiamine
- prosultiamine
- sulbutiamine
- thiamine hydrochloride
- thiamine nitrate
- riboflavin - a b vitamin that prevents skin lesions and weight loss
- riboflavin sodium phosphate
- metadoxine
- pyridoxal phosphate
- pyridoxamine hydrochloride
- pyridoxine hydrochloride
- cobamamide
- cyanocobalamin - a b vitamin that is used to treat pernicious anemia
- hydroxocobalamin
- hydroxocobalamin acetate
- hydroxocobalamin chloride
- hydroxocobalamin sulfate
- mecobalamin
- ascorbic acid - a vitamin found in fresh fruits (especially citrus fruits) and vegetables; prevents scurvy
- calcium ascorbate
- sodium ascorbate
- alfacalcidol
- calcifediol
- calcitriol
- colecalciferol
- dihydrotachysterol
- doxercalciferol
- ergocalciferol - a fat soluble vitamin that prevents rickets
- falecalcitriol
- maxacalcitol
- paricalcitol
- acetomenaphthone
- menadiol sodium phosphate
- menadione - a form of vitamin k
- menadione sodium bisulfite
- menatetrenone
- phytomenadione
- xylitol
- dried yeast
- zeaxanthin - yellow carotenoid (isomeric with lutein and occurs widely with it) that is the main pigment in yellow indian corn
- zinc acetate
- zinc chloride
- zinc citrate
- zinc gluconate
- zinc sulfate - a colorless water soluble powder; used as a mordant or to preserve wood or for the electrodeposition of zinc
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD