Osseus

Osseous Tissue

Osseous tissue, also known as bone tissue, is a type of connective tissue that provides structural support to the body. It is composed of osteocytes, which are the mature bone cells, and a matrix of collagen fibers and calcium phosphate crystals.

Structure

Osseous tissue is made up of two main types: compact bone and spongy bone.

Compact Bone

Compact bone, also known as cortical bone, forms the hard outer shell of all bones. It is dense and strong, providing the main structural support for the body. Compact bone is composed of tightly packed osteocytes and a matrix of collagen fibers and calcium phosphate crystals.

Spongy Bone

Spongy bone, also known as cancellous bone or trabecular bone, is found inside the ends of long bones and in the middle of flat bones. It is less dense than compact bone and has a honeycomb-like structure. Spongy bone is composed of trabeculae, which are thin columns of bone tissue, and spaces filled with bone marrow.

Function

Osseous tissue has several important functions in the body. It provides structural support, protects vital organs, facilitates movement, stores minerals, and produces blood cells.

Support

Osseous tissue provides a rigid framework that supports the body and maintains its shape. The skeletal system, composed of osseous tissue, serves as the body's internal support structure.

Protection

The bones, made of osseous tissue, protect the body's vital organs. For example, the skull protects the brain, the rib cage protects the heart and lungs, and the vertebrae protect the spinal cord.

Movement

Osseous tissue facilitates movement by providing attachment points for muscles. When muscles contract, they pull on the bones, causing movement.

Mineral Storage

Osseous tissue stores minerals, particularly calcium and phosphate, which can be released into the bloodstream as needed.

Blood Cell Production

The bone marrow within spongy bone is responsible for the production of blood cells, a process known as hematopoiesis.

See Also

• Bone
• Skeletal system
• Bone marrow
• Osteocyte
• Collagen
• Calcium phosphate