3-Methylbutan-2-ol

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An organic compound used in various applications


3-Methylbutan-2-ol
File:3-Methylbutan-2-ol.svg
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3-Methylbutan-2-ol, also known as isoamyl alcohol or isopentyl alcohol, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₅H₁₂O. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor and is one of the several isomers of amyl alcohol. This compound is used in various applications, including as a solvent and in the synthesis of other chemicals.

Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]

3-Methylbutan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol, meaning the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to a carbon atom that is connected to two other carbon atoms. The presence of the methyl group on the second carbon gives it its name and contributes to its physical and chemical properties.

The compound has a boiling point of approximately 113°C and a melting point of -117°C. It is slightly soluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents. The density of 3-Methylbutan-2-ol is about 0.805 g/cm³.

Synthesis[edit | edit source]

3-Methylbutan-2-ol can be synthesized through the hydration of isopentene in the presence of an acid catalyst. This process involves the addition of water to the double bond of isopentene, resulting in the formation of the alcohol.

Applications[edit | edit source]

3-Methylbutan-2-ol is used in the production of esters, which are compounds formed from the reaction of an alcohol with an acid. These esters are often used as flavorings and fragrances due to their pleasant aromas. Additionally, 3-Methylbutan-2-ol is used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry and in the manufacture of various chemicals.

Safety and Handling[edit | edit source]

As with many organic solvents, 3-Methylbutan-2-ol should be handled with care. It is flammable and can cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon contact. Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be used when handling this chemical.

Also see[edit | edit source]




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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD