Zoster

Zoster (also known as Herpes zoster or Shingles) is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. It is caused by the Varicella zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox.

Causes

Zoster is caused by the reactivation of the Varicella zoster virus (VZV), which remains dormant in the nerve tissue after an episode of chickenpox. The virus can reactivate years later, causing a zoster outbreak. The reason for reactivation is often unclear, but it may be due to aging, stress, or an impaired immune system.

Symptoms

The first symptom of zoster is usually pain, which may be severe, in the areas of one or more sensory nerves, often where they emerge from the spine. The pain may be constant, it may come and go, or it may be burning or gnawing. After several days or a week, a rash of fluid-filled blisters, similar to chickenpox, appears in one area on one side of the body.

Treatment

Treatment for zoster includes antiviral drugs, which can reduce the severity and duration of the disease if started within 72 hours of the appearance of the rash. Pain relievers may also help with the discomfort.

Prevention

The Zoster vaccine can reduce the risk of shingles and postherpetic neuralgia. It is recommended for adults 50 years of age and older.

See also

• Postherpetic neuralgia
• Chickenpox
• Herpesviridae

References

Zoster Resources
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