Vegans

Veganism is a type of vegetarianism that excludes all animal products, including meat, dairy products, and eggs, as well as other products derived from animals such as gelatin and honey. The practice can extend beyond diet to reject the use of any products tested on animals or made from animal-derived materials such as leather and wool. People who follow this lifestyle are known as vegans.

History

The term "vegan" was coined in 1944 by Donald Watson, who founded the Vegan Society in the UK. Initially, veganism was defined as a diet free of animal-derived products. Over time, it has evolved to represent a broader philosophy that seeks to exclude all forms of animal exploitation and cruelty.

Ethical Veganism

Ethical vegans strongly believe in animal rights, arguing that all creatures have a right to life and freedom. Their aim is to avoid animal harm, which they believe is inherent in farming practices, even in the production of dairy and eggs.

Environmental Veganism

Environmental vegans focus on the environmental impact of animal products, which includes deforestation, water consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. They advocate for veganism as a way to combat climate change and reduce environmental damage.

Health Aspects

Many adopt a vegan diet for its potential health benefits. Studies have shown that a vegan diet may lead to lower rates of heart disease, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. However, vegans need to plan their diet carefully to avoid nutritional deficiencies, particularly in nutrients such as vitamin B12, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids.

Nutritional Considerations

Vegans must obtain nutrients from plant sources that are traditionally consumed from animal products. These nutrients include protein, iron, calcium, zinc, vitamin D, and the aforementioned vitamin B12. Fortified foods and supplements can be necessary to meet nutritional needs.

Cuisine

Vegan cuisine includes a wide variety of foods that mimic traditional animal-based products, such as vegan cheeses, meat substitutes like tofu and tempeh, and plant-based milks such as almond, soy, and oat milk. A rich diversity of global cuisines can be adapted to vegan standards.

Legal and Social Aspects

The legal recognition of veganism varies by country. In some places, veganism is protected under anti-discrimination laws. Socially, vegans may face challenges such as limited food options in certain locations and misunderstanding or criticism of their dietary choices.

See also

• List of vegans
• Vegan nutrition
• Ethical consumerism