Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans
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(Redirected from Herxheimer disease)
| Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | ACA |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Skin discoloration, atrophy, neuropathy |
| Complications | Peripheral neuropathy, skin cancer |
| Onset | Months to years after initial Borrelia burgdorferi infection |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Borrelia afzelii infection |
| Risks | Tick exposure, Lyme disease |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, serology |
| Differential diagnosis | Scleroderma, Morphea, Lichen sclerosus |
| Prevention | Tick bite prevention, early treatment of Lyme disease |
| Treatment | Antibiotics such as doxycycline or amoxicillin |
| Medication | Doxycycline, Amoxicillin |
| Prognosis | Variable, can lead to permanent skin changes |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans is a skin condition, and as the name suggests, it leads to chronic atrophy of the skin and polyneuropathy.
Bacterial infection[edit]
This progressive skin condition caused by spirochete Borrelia afzelii, and to some lesser degree, B. afzelii, and Borrelia garinii.
Clinical presentation[edit]
The skin rash is seen most commonly on extremities.
Stages[edit]
- It begins with an inflammatory stage and later with an atrophic phase.
- Sclerotic skin plaques may also develop.
- ACA progresses the skin begins to wrinkle.
Testing[edit]
1)Screening test- IgM and IgG ELISA 2) If 1 is positive or there is high clinical suspicion in spite of Elisa being negative than confirmatory test - Western Blot.
Other methods[edit]
Microscopy and culture (in modified Kelly's medium) of skin biopsy or blood samples.
Treatment[edit]
Doxycycline[edit]
Treatment consists of antibiotics including doxycycline and penicillin for up to four weeks in the acute case and sometimes longer.
See also[edit]
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