CCR3 (gene)

CCR3 or C-C chemokine receptor type 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR3 gene. CCR3 is a member of the chemokine receptor family, and has been implicated in eosinophilic conditions such as asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Structure

The CCR3 gene is located on the third chromosome (3p21.31). The protein encoded by this gene is approximately 44 kDa in size and is composed of 7 transmembrane domains, characteristic of G protein-coupled receptors.

Function

CCR3 is a G protein-coupled receptor that functions as a receptor for chemokines. It is primarily expressed on eosinophils and basophils, and is involved in their migration to sites of inflammation. CCR3 binds to a variety of chemokines including eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, and RANTES.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the CCR3 gene and its protein product have been associated with a variety of diseases. Overexpression of CCR3 has been observed in patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other allergic diseases. In addition, CCR3 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV infection, as it can function as a co-receptor for the virus.

Research

Research into the role of CCR3 in disease has led to the development of several CCR3 antagonists as potential therapeutic agents. These drugs aim to block the action of CCR3, thereby reducing eosinophil migration and inflammation.

See also

• Chemokine receptor
• Eosinophil
• Asthma
• Allergic rhinitis