Inherited disease

Inherited Disease

An Inherited Disease is a type of genetic disorder that is caused by specific changes or mutations in a person's DNA. These changes can be passed down from parents to their offspring through their genes. Inherited diseases can be caused by a single mutation in one gene (monogenic disorder), by mutations in multiple genes (multifactorial inheritance disorder), by a combination of gene mutations and environmental factors, or by damage to chromosomes (chromosomal disorder).

Types of Inherited Diseases[edit | edit source]

Monogenic Disorders[edit | edit source]

Monogenic disorders are caused by a mutation in a single gene. The mutation can be present on one or both chromosomes (one inherited from each parent). Examples of monogenic disorders include Cystic Fibrosis, Sickle Cell Anemia, and Marfan Syndrome.

Multifactorial Inheritance Disorders[edit | edit source]

Multifactorial inheritance disorders are caused by a combination of small variations in genes, often in concert with environmental factors. These disorders are complex and include diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Arthritis, and Diabetes.

Chromosomal Disorders[edit | edit source]

Chromosomal disorders occur when chromosomes, or parts of chromosomes, are missing, duplicated or changed. Examples of chromosomal disorders include Down Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, and Klinefelter Syndrome.

Diagnosis and Treatment[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of inherited diseases often involves genetic testing. This can include blood tests, DNA tests, and other laboratory procedures. Treatment can vary widely depending on the specific disease, and can include medication, surgery, physical therapy, and other interventions.