Interleukin-17

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in immune responses. It is produced by a variety of cell types, including T cells, neutrophils, and monocytes. IL-17 is involved in the regulation of inflammation, autoimmunity, and host defense against pathogens.

Structure

IL-17 is a member of the IL-17 family, which consists of six cytokines (IL-17A to IL-17F). The most well-studied member of this family is IL-17A, often referred to simply as IL-17. IL-17 is a homodimeric protein, meaning it is composed of two identical subunits.

Function

IL-17 plays a key role in the immune response, particularly in the defense against extracellular bacteria and fungi. It does this by promoting the production of other cytokines and chemokines, which recruit and activate immune cells. IL-17 also stimulates the production of antimicrobial peptides, further enhancing the immune response.

In addition to its role in host defense, IL-17 is involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis. This is due to its ability to induce inflammation, which can lead to tissue damage if not properly regulated.

Clinical significance

Given its role in inflammation and autoimmunity, IL-17 has been a target for therapeutic intervention in several diseases. Drugs that block the activity of IL-17, such as secukinumab and ixekizumab, have been approved for the treatment of psoriasis and are being investigated for use in other conditions.

See also

• Cytokine
• Immune response
• Inflammation
• Autoimmunity

Interleukin-17 Resources
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