Interleukin 17a

Interleukin 17A (often abbreviated as IL-17A) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in mammalian immune response. It is produced by a subset of T cells known as Th17 cells, which are part of the adaptive immune system. IL-17A is involved in the body's defense against bacterial and fungal infections, and it also plays a role in inflammatory responses and autoimmune diseases.

Function

IL-17A is primarily involved in the immune response against extracellular pathogens. It stimulates the production of other cytokines and chemokines, which in turn recruit neutrophils and monocytes to the site of infection. This leads to inflammation, which is a key part of the body's defense mechanism.

In addition to its role in immune response, IL-17A also contributes to the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis. It does this by promoting inflammation and tissue damage.

Structure

IL-17A is a member of the interleukin 17 family, which consists of six cytokines (IL-17A to IL-17F). It is a homodimer, meaning it is composed of two identical subunits. Each subunit is a protein chain that folds into a unique three-dimensional structure.

Clinical significance

Due to its role in inflammation and autoimmune diseases, IL-17A is a target for therapeutic intervention. Drugs that inhibit the action of IL-17A, such as secukinumab and ixekizumab, have been developed for the treatment of psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis.

See also

• Interleukin 17
• Cytokine
• T cells
• Autoimmune disease