G6PC3
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream. It is a cytokine and hormone that plays a critical role in hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell production.
Structure and Function[edit | edit source]
G-CSF is a 174-amino acid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 19.6 kDa. It is produced by various tissues, including the endothelium, macrophages, and a number of other immune cells. The primary function of G-CSF is to regulate the production and release of neutrophils from the bone marrow.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
G-CSF binds to the G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) on the surface of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells in the bone marrow. This binding activates intracellular signaling pathways, including the JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK pathways, leading to the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of neutrophil precursors.
Clinical Applications[edit | edit source]
G-CSF is used clinically to treat neutropenia, a condition characterized by an abnormally low number of neutrophils. It is particularly useful in patients undergoing chemotherapy, which often results in neutropenia. G-CSF reduces the risk of infection in these patients by increasing neutrophil counts.
Recombinant Forms[edit | edit source]
Recombinant forms of G-CSF, such as filgrastim and pegfilgrastim, are widely used in clinical practice. Filgrastim is a non-glycosylated form of G-CSF produced in Escherichia coli, while pegfilgrastim is a pegylated form that has a longer half-life, allowing for less frequent dosing.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of G-CSF administration include bone pain, headache, and fatigue. More serious side effects can include splenic rupture and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), although these are rare.
Research and Development[edit | edit source]
Ongoing research is exploring the use of G-CSF in other conditions, such as myocardial infarction and stroke, due to its potential to mobilize stem cells and promote tissue repair.
Also see[edit | edit source]
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
|
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
| Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
