Α-Carotene

Α-Carotene

Α-Carotene is a type of carotenoid, which is a class of phytochemicals found in the cells of a wide variety of plants, algae, and bacteria. It is a less common form of carotene than β-Carotene, but it still plays a significant role in human health and nutrition.

Structure and Properties

Α-Carotene is a tetraterpene assembled from eight isoprene units that are solely composed of carbon and hydrogen. It is isomeric with β-carotene. In terms of structure, α-carotene is composed of two retinyl groups, and is thus a dimer of retinol.

Sources

Α-Carotene is found in yellow-orange fruits and vegetables, and some leafy greens. Some of the richest dietary sources include pumpkin, carrots, winter squash, and tangerines.

Health Benefits

Α-Carotene, like all carotenoids, is an antioxidant. It helps protect cells from the damaging effects of harmful free radicals. It is converted to vitamin A in the liver on an as-needed basis and is therefore considered a safe source of vitamin A. Some research suggests that α-carotene may be more effective than β-carotene in inhibiting the proliferation of certain types of cancer cells.

See Also

• Carotenoid
• β-Carotene
• Vitamin A
• Antioxidant
• Phytochemical