Glossary of organ systems

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

This glossary provides a concise description of the various organ systems that compose the human body. Each system plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's homeostasis and overall health.

A[edit | edit source]

  • Circulatory system - The body's blood-transporting system, consisting of the heart, blood, and blood vessels, responsible for distributing nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to cells throughout the body and removing metabolic wastes.

D[edit | edit source]

  • Digestive system - A group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the entire body. It includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas.

E[edit | edit source]

  • Endocrine system - The collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things.

I[edit | edit source]

  • Immune system - A complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against attacks by foreign invaders, such as viruses, bacteria, and cancer cells.

I (continued)[edit | edit source]

  • Integumentary system - Comprising the skin and its appendages; it acts as a physical barrier to protect the body from the environment, regulates temperature, and facilitates sensation.

L[edit | edit source]

  • Lymphatic system - A network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste, and other unwanted materials. The primary function is to transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body.

M[edit | edit source]

  • Muscular system - Responsible for movement, it is composed of muscles and tendons. The muscular system facilitates movement through contraction and also maintains posture and body position.

N[edit | edit source]

  • Nervous system - The network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body. It includes the brain, spinal cord, and all of the nerves of the body. It is the control system for all our actions, conscious and unconscious.

R[edit | edit source]

  • Reproductive system - The sex organs required for the production of offspring. In males, this includes the testes, sperm ducts, and penis. In females, it includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina.
  • Respiratory system - The network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes the airways, lungs, and blood vessels. The organs work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide.

S[edit | edit source]

  • Skeletal system - The framework of the body, consisting of bones and other connective tissues, which protects and supports body organs. It provides the structure for muscles to attach, facilitating movement.

U[edit | edit source]

  • Urinary system - Also known as the renal system, this system filters blood to produce urine as a waste by-product. The organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD