Oxymorphol

Oxymorphol

Oxymorphol is a morphine derivative where the 6-hydroxy group has been removed and a hydrogen atom added. It is a potent analgesic drug, used for the relief of severe pain. Oxymorphol is less potent than morphine, but it is still classified as a strong opioid. It is an active metabolite of the drug oxycodone.

Pharmacology

Oxymorphol acts on the mu-opioid receptor in the central nervous system, producing analgesia and sedation. It also has effects on the kappa-opioid receptor and the delta-opioid receptor, although these are less well understood. Oxymorphol is metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, and its metabolites are excreted in the urine.

Clinical Use

Oxymorphol is used in the management of severe pain, such as that associated with cancer or severe injury. It is usually administered orally, but can also be given by injection. The drug has a rapid onset of action, usually within 15-30 minutes, and its effects can last for up to 6 hours. Oxymorphol is often used in combination with other drugs, such as paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), to enhance its analgesic effect.

Side Effects

Like all opioids, oxymorphol has a number of potential side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, constipation, drowsiness, and respiratory depression. Long-term use of oxymorphol can lead to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms if the drug is stopped abruptly. There is also a risk of overdose if too much oxymorphol is taken, which can be life-threatening.

See Also

• Morphine
• Oxycodone
• Opioid
• Analgesic