Etonitazene

Etonitazene

Etonitazene is an opioid analgesic drug that was first synthesized in 1957 by a team at Hoffmann-La Roche. It is related to the more well-known opioid etorphine, which is used as a very potent veterinary painkiller for large animals such as elephants. However, etonitazene is over 1000-1500 times more potent than morphine in animal models, making it one of the most potent opioids known.

Chemistry

Etonitazene is part of the benzimidazole class of opioids. It is chemically described as 2-(4-ethoxybenzyl)-1-(1-ethylpropyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. The drug has a complex structure that involves several different functional groups, including an ether group, a propyl group, and a benzimidazole ring.

Pharmacology

Like other opioids, etonitazene works by binding to the mu-opioid receptor in the brain and spinal cord. This binding action inhibits the transmission of pain signals and produces a range of effects including analgesia, sedation, and euphoria. The drug's extremely high potency is thought to be due to its high lipophilicity, which allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier more easily than less lipophilic opioids.

Legal Status

Due to its high potency and potential for abuse, etonitazene is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States and is similarly controlled in many other countries. It is illegal to manufacture, distribute, or possess the drug without a license.

Health Risks

The use of etonitazene carries significant health risks, including a high risk of overdose due to its extreme potency. Symptoms of overdose can include respiratory depression, unconsciousness, and death. Long-term use can lead to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of use.

See Also

• Opioid epidemic
• Fentanyl
• Carfentanil

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