Magnesium sulfate in dextrose

What is Magnesium sulfate in dextrose?

• Magnesium sulfate in dextrose is a nonpyrogenic solution of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and dextrose in water for injection for intravenous use.

Magnesium sulfate

Mgaq6SO4

What are the uses of this medicine?

Magnesium sulfate in dextrose is used for:

• Prevention of eclampsia in patients with preeclampsia.
• Treatment of seizures and prevention of recurrent seizures in patients with eclampsia.

How does this medicine work?

• Magnesium prevents seizures in patients with preeclampsia and controls seizures in patients with eclampsia by blocking neuromuscular transmission and decreasing the amount of acetylcholine liberated at the end plate by the motor nerve impulse.
• Magnesium has a depressant effect on the central nervous system.
• Magnesium acts peripherally to produce vasodilation.

Who Should Not Use this medicine ?

This medicine cannot be used in patients with:

• Heart block or myocardial damage
• Diabetic coma
• Myasthenia gravis

What drug interactions can this medicine cause?

• Tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take.

Be sure to mention any of the following:

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents such as:

• Depolarizing neuromuscular blockers: succinylcholine
• Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers: atracurium, cisatracurium, pancuronium, rocuronium, vecuronium

• Narcotics and/or Propofol

Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers:

• Amlodipine, clevidipine, felodipine, isradipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, and nisoldipine

Drugs that May Induce Magnesium Loss:

• Alcohol, aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, cisplatin, cyclosporine, digitalis, loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics

Is this medicine FDA approved?

• Initial U.S. Approval: 1941

How should this medicine be used?

Recommended dosage:

• Recommended loading dosage is 4 to 6 grams over 15 minutes followed by a recommended maintenance dosage of 1 to 2 grams every hour; maximum recommended dosage is 30 to 40 grams over 24 hours.
• Obtain serum magnesium concentrations and assess clinical status to adjust the dose.
• Administration beyond 5 to 7 days is not recommended.
• In patients with severe renal impairment and/or urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg/hour, administer a 4 gram loading dose followed by a maintenance dosage of 1 gram every hour; do not exceed the maximum recommended dosage of 20 grams over 48 hours.

Administration:

• Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection is:
• A clear solution. Visually inspect Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Do not administer unless solution is clear and colorless to slightly yellow.
• For intravenous use only.
• Administered via intravenous infusion pump.
• Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection does not require dilution prior to intravenous administration.
• Do not administer Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection with incompatible drugs through the same intravenous line.

What are the dosage forms and brand names of this medicine?

This medicine is available in fallowing doasage form:

• As Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection

This medicine is available in fallowing brand namesː

• MAGNESIUM SULFATE IN DEXTROSE

What side effects can this medication cause?

The most common side effects of this medicine may include:

• flushing, sweating, hypotension, depressed reflexes, flaccid paralysis, hypothermia, circulatory collapse, cardiac and central nervous system (CNS) depression proceeding to respiratory paralysis and hypocalcemia. Bradycardia, pulmonary edema, decreased respiratory rate, lethargy, sedation, somnolence, visual disturbances, and hypermagnesemia.

What special precautions should I follow?

• Continuous administration of Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection in pregnant women beyond 5 to 7 days can lead to hypocalcemia and bone abnormalities in the developing fetus, including skeletal demineralization and osteopenia. In addition, cases of neonatal fracture have been reported.
• Patients receiving Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection are at risk for magnesium toxicity including respiratory depression, acute renal failure and rarely, pulmonary edema. Monitor magnesium concentrations and clinical signs of magnesium toxicity including respiratory depression, an injectable calcium salt should be immediately available to counteract hazards, for significant toxicity stop Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection.
• Solutions containing dextrose should be used with caution in patients with known prediabetes or diabetes mellitus given the risk of elevated blood glucose.
• Do not use concomitantly with beta adrenergic agents such as terbutaline and calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine.
• Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic concentrations with prolonged parenteral administration in patients with renal impairment.
• Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection is contraindicated in patients with known myasthenia gravis. Use is contraindicated because use in patients with underlying myasthenia gravis can precipitate a myasthenic crisis.
• Pregnant women receiving Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection are at risk for magnesium toxicity, including facial edema, diminished strength of deep tendon reflexes, and respiratory depression.
• The use of intravenous magnesium in pregnant women increases human milk magnesium concentrations only slightly and oral absorption of magnesium by the infant is poor.

What to do in case of emergency/overdose?

Symptoms of overdosage may include:

• drop in blood pressure, difficulty breathing, and disappearance of the patellar reflex.

Other signs and symptoms of magnesium overdosage include:

• flushing, sweating, hypotension, weakness, hypothermia, circulatory collapse, cardiac and central nervous system depression proceeding to respiratory paralysis, cardiac arrest, and prolongation of PR and QRS intervals.
• Patients with renal impairment and underlying neuromuscular diseases such as myasthenia gravis may experience magnesium intoxication at lower magnesium concentrations

Management of overdosage:

• In case of overdose, call the poison control helpline of your country. In the United States, call 1-800-222-1222.

• Overdose related information is also available online at poisonhelp.org/help.
• In the event that the victim has collapsed, had a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be awakened, immediately call emergency services. In the United States, call 911.
• If patient is experiencing magnesium toxicity, immediately discontinue Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection.
• Artificial respiration may be required.
• Administer an injectable calcium salt to counteract the potential hazards of magnesium toxicity
• Hypermagnesemia in the newborn may require resuscitation and assisted ventilation via endotracheal intubation or intermittent positive pressure ventilation as well as intravenous calcium.

Can this medicine be used in pregnancy?

• Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection is indicated in pregnant women for the prevention of eclampsia in women with [[]]preeclampsia and the treatment of seizures and prevention of recurrent seizures in women with eclampsia.
• Administration of Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection to pregnant women longer than 5 to 7 days may lead to hypocalcemia and bone abnormalities in the developing fetus, including skeletal demineralization and osteopenia.

Can this medicine be used in children?

• The safety and effectiveness of Magnesium Sulfate in 5% Dextrose Injection have been established for the prevention of eclampsia in adolescents with preeclampsia and the treatment of seizures and prevention of recurrent seizures in adolescents with eclampsia.

What are the active and inactive ingredients in this medicine?

Active ingredient:

• MAGNESIUM SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE

Inactive ingredients:

• SULFURIC ACID
• SODIUM HYDROXIDE
• DEXTROSE MONOHYDRATE
• WATER

Who manufactures and distributes this medicine?

• B. Braun Medical Inc.
• Bethlehem, PA, USA

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

• Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted between
• 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F).
• Protect from freezing.

• Dailymed label info on Magnesium sulfate in dextrose
• FDA Magnesium sulfate in dextrose

Magnesium sulfate in dextrose Resources
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