IL1RN
Overview[edit | edit source]
Interleukin 17D (IL-17D) is a member of the interleukin 17 family of cytokines, which are involved in inflammatory and immune responses. IL-17D is a protein encoded by the IL17D gene in humans. This cytokine plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses and has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases.
Structure[edit | edit source]
IL-17D is a glycoprotein that shares structural similarities with other members of the IL-17 family. It is characterized by a conserved cysteine-knot structure, which is essential for its biological activity. The protein is secreted as a homodimer, and its structure allows it to interact with specific receptors on target cells.
Function[edit | edit source]
IL-17D is primarily involved in the modulation of immune responses. It acts by inducing the production of other cytokines and chemokines, which in turn recruit immune cells to sites of inflammation. IL-17D has been shown to stimulate the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), both of which are key mediators of inflammation.
IL-17D also plays a role in the regulation of natural killer cells and T cells, contributing to the body's defense against infections and tumors. It is involved in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.
Expression[edit | edit source]
The expression of IL-17D is regulated by various factors, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). It is expressed in a variety of tissues, including the spleen, lung, and skeletal muscle.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Due to its role in inflammation, IL-17D is a potential target for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Inhibitors of IL-17D or its signaling pathways may provide new treatment options for conditions characterized by excessive inflammation.
Research[edit | edit source]
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the precise mechanisms by which IL-17D contributes to immune regulation and its potential as a biomarker for disease activity. Studies are also exploring the development of IL-17D-targeted therapies for inflammatory diseases.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
