Xtampza Er

Xtampza ER is an extended-release formulation of oxycodone, a semi-synthetic opioid used for managing severe pain when a continuous, around-the-clock opioid analgesic is needed for an extended period. Xtampza ER is designed to maintain plasma levels of oxycodone over an extended period, thus providing sustained pain relief. The "ER" in its name stands for "Extended Release."

Overview

Oxycodone, the active ingredient in Xtampza ER, works by binding to the mu-opioid receptor within the central nervous system (CNS), mimicking the action of endogenous endorphins. Endorphins are neurotransmitters in the brain that give one a feeling of pleasure and alleviate pain. By activating these receptors, oxycodone increases pain tolerance and decreases the perception of pain, thereby providing relief to individuals suffering from severe, chronic pain conditions.

Xtampza ER's unique formulation allows for a controlled release of oxycodone over a 12-hour period, which can help patients maintain consistent blood levels of the medication, avoiding the peaks and troughs associated with immediate-release formulations. This can result in better pain management and potentially fewer side effects.

Indications

Xtampza ER is indicated for the management of pain severe enough to require daily, around-the-clock, long-term opioid treatment and for which alternative treatment options are inadequate. It is typically prescribed only to patients who are already opioid-tolerant, having been previously treated with other opioid pain medications.

Dosage and Administration

The dosage of Xtampza ER must be individually adjusted according to the severity of pain, patient response, prior analgesic treatment experience, and risk factors for addiction, abuse, and misuse. It is available in several dosage strengths, allowing for flexibility in dosing adjustments. Patients are advised to swallow Xtampza ER capsules whole, or alternatively, the capsules can be opened and the contents sprinkled on soft food or administered through a gastrostomy or nasogastric feeding tube.

Side Effects

Like all opioids, Xtampza ER can cause side effects, including nausea, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, headache, and drowsiness. More serious risks include respiratory depression, opioid addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death. Patients should be closely monitored for signs of addiction, abuse, and misuse.

Precautions

Xtampza ER should be prescribed with caution in patients with a history of substance abuse or mental illness. It should not be used in patients with significant respiratory depression, acute or severe bronchial asthma, or gastrointestinal obstruction. Because of the risks of addiction, abuse, and misuse, Xtampza ER should only be prescribed by healthcare professionals familiar with the use of potent opioids for the management of chronic pain.

Regulatory Status

Xtampza ER is a Schedule II controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act in the United States, indicating it has a high potential for abuse which may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.