Th17

Th17 Cells

Th17 cells are a subset of T helper cells that play a crucial role in the immune system. They are characterized by their production of interleukin 17 (IL-17), a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in the defense against extracellular pathogens and in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases.

Function

Th17 cells are primarily involved in the immune response against bacterial and fungal infections. They are important for the recruitment of neutrophils and other phagocytes to the site of infection. Th17 cells also contribute to the maintenance of mucosal barriers and the integrity of the epithelial surfaces.

Differentiation

The differentiation of Th17 cells from naive T cells is driven by a combination of cytokines, including transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin 23 (IL-23). The transcription factors RORγt and STAT3 are critical for the development and function of Th17 cells.

Role in Disease

Th17 cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The dysregulation of Th17 cell responses can lead to chronic inflammation and tissue damage.

Therapeutic Target

Given their role in autoimmune diseases, Th17 cells and their associated cytokines are considered potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Biologic drugs that inhibit IL-17 or its receptor are being developed and tested for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions.

See Also

• T helper cell
• Cytokine
• Autoimmune disease
• Interleukin 17

References

• Article on Th17 cells
• Review on Th17 cell differentiation