Premenopausal

Premenopause is the stage in a woman's life that precedes menopause. This period, which typically occurs in a woman's late 40s or early 50s, is characterized by a decrease in estrogen levels and the onset of symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, and irregular periods.

Symptoms

During premenopause, women may experience a variety of symptoms, including:

• Hot flashes: Sudden feelings of warmth, which are usually most intense over the face, neck and chest.
• Night sweats: Severe hot flashes that occur at night and can disrupt sleep.
• Irregular periods: Changes in the regular cycle that a woman is used to.
• Mood changes: Mood swings, irritability, and depression can all be symptoms of premenopause.
• Vaginal dryness: This can make sexual intercourse uncomfortable.
• Decreased fertility: As ovulation becomes irregular, the ability to conceive decreases.

Causes

Premenopause is caused by a natural decline in reproductive hormones when a woman reaches her 40s or 50s. As this happens, the ovaries produce less estrogen and progesterone, two hormones needed for reproduction. As estrogen levels decrease, menstrual cycles become irregular and eventually stop.

Treatment

Treatment for premenopause symptoms focuses on relieving symptoms and may include:

• Hormone therapy: This can help to relieve hot flashes and night sweats.
• Vaginal estrogen: This can help to relieve vaginal dryness.
• Antidepressants: These can help to alleviate mood changes.

See also

• Menopause
• Postmenopause
• Perimenopause

Premenopausal Resources
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