Macronutrients

Macronutrients are the nutrients that the human body needs in large amounts for energy and growth. They include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Each of these macronutrients provides energy in the form of calories.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy. They are broken down into glucose, which can be used immediately for energy or stored in the body's cells for later use. There are two main types of carbohydrates: simple and complex. Simple carbohydrates are found in foods like fruits and milk, while complex carbohydrates are found in foods like bread, pasta, and rice.

Proteins

Proteins are essential for growth and repair in the body. They are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of the body. There are 20 different amino acids, nine of which are essential and must be obtained from the diet. Proteins are found in foods like meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products.

Fats

Fats are a concentrated source of energy. They are made up of fatty acids and glycerol. There are three types of fats: saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats. Saturated fats are found in foods like butter and cheese, while unsaturated fats are found in foods like olive oil and avocados. Trans fats are found in processed foods and are considered unhealthy.

Macronutrient Balance

The balance of these macronutrients in the diet can affect health. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that carbohydrates make up 45-65% of total daily calories, proteins make up 10-35%, and fats make up 20-35%.

See Also

• Micronutrients
• Dietary fiber
• Food pyramid (nutrition)

Macronutrients Resources
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