Sornidipine

Sornidipine is a pharmaceutical compound that belongs to the class of calcium channel blockers. It is primarily used in the management of hypertension and certain types of angina. Sornidipine works by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions through L-type calcium channels, which are found in the smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. This action results in the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, leading to a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and a subsequent reduction in blood pressure.

Pharmacology

Sornidipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, similar to other drugs in its class such as amlodipine and nifedipine. It selectively targets the L-type calcium channels, which are responsible for the contraction of cardiac and smooth muscle. By blocking these channels, Sornidipine reduces the contractility of the heart and dilates the arteries, which helps to lower blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart.

Mechanism of Action

The primary mechanism of action of Sornidipine involves the inhibition of calcium ion entry into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells. Calcium ions play a crucial role in the excitation-contraction coupling process of muscle cells. By preventing calcium from entering these cells, Sornidipine decreases the force of contraction of the heart and promotes vasodilation, which leads to a reduction in blood pressure.

Pharmacokinetics

Sornidipine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, but its bioavailability can be affected by first-pass metabolism in the liver. It is highly protein-bound and is metabolized primarily by the liver. The elimination half-life of Sornidipine allows for once-daily dosing, which can improve patient compliance.

Clinical Uses

Sornidipine is indicated for the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. The drug is particularly useful in patients who require a reduction in blood pressure without significant effects on heart rate.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Sornidipine include headache, dizziness, flushing, and peripheral edema. These effects are generally mild and tend to decrease with continued use. Rarely, patients may experience more serious side effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, or allergic reactions.

Contraindications

Sornidipine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. It should be used with caution in patients with severe aortic stenosis, heart failure, or hepatic impairment.

Drug Interactions

Sornidipine may interact with other medications that affect blood pressure, such as beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics. It may also interact with drugs that are metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4, such as certain antifungal agents and antibiotics.

Also see

• Calcium channel blocker
• Hypertension
• Angina pectoris
• Amlodipine
• Nifedipine