Sagandipine

Sagandipine is a calcium channel blocker that is primarily used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris. It belongs to the class of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, which are known for their ability to selectively inhibit the influx of calcium ions through L-type calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle and myocardium.

Pharmacology

Sagandipine works by inhibiting the L-type calcium channels, which are responsible for the contraction of vascular smooth muscle. By blocking these channels, Sagandipine causes vasodilation, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. This mechanism also reduces the workload on the heart, making it effective in the treatment of angina.

Mechanism of Action

The primary mechanism of action of Sagandipine involves the selective inhibition of L-type calcium channels. These channels are crucial for the influx of calcium ions into the cells, which is necessary for muscle contraction. By blocking these channels, Sagandipine reduces intracellular calcium levels, leading to relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle and subsequent vasodilation.

Pharmacokinetics

Sagandipine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1 to 2 hours after oral administration. It is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, and is excreted mainly in the urine.

Clinical Uses

Sagandipine is indicated for the management of hypertension and angina pectoris. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. The drug is particularly useful in patients with coronary artery disease due to its ability to improve myocardial oxygen supply and reduce cardiac workload.

Adverse Effects

Common adverse effects of Sagandipine include headache, flushing, dizziness, and peripheral edema. These effects are generally mild and tend to diminish with continued use. Rarely, it may cause more serious side effects such as hypotension or bradycardia.

Contraindications

Sagandipine is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. It should be used with caution in patients with severe aortic stenosis, heart failure, or hepatic impairment.

Drug Interactions

Sagandipine may interact with other medications that affect blood pressure, such as beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors. It may also interact with drugs that are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, such as cimetidine and grapefruit juice.

Also see

• Calcium channel blocker
• Hypertension
• Angina pectoris
• Dihydropyridine
• Vasodilation