Nicardipine hydrochloride

Nicardipine hydrochloride is a type of calcium channel blocker used primarily in the treatment of hypertension and angina. It is a dihydropyridine derivative, and it functions by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle and smooth muscle cells, thereby dilating the arteries and decreasing peripheral vascular resistance.

Pharmacology

Nicardipine hydrochloride acts by selectively blocking the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle and smooth muscle cells. This action results in vasodilation, or the widening of blood vessels, which in turn reduces peripheral vascular resistance and lowers blood pressure.

Clinical Uses

Nicardipine hydrochloride is primarily used in the treatment of hypertension and angina. It may also be used in the management of Raynaud's phenomenon and certain types of arrhythmia. In some cases, it may be used off-label for the prevention of migraine headaches.

Side Effects

Common side effects of nicardipine hydrochloride include headache, dizziness, flushing, and edema. Less common but more serious side effects may include tachycardia, hypotension, and heart failure.

Contraindications

Nicardipine hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to dihydropyridine derivatives, severe aortic stenosis, or unstable angina. It should be used with caution in patients with heart failure or significant left ventricular dysfunction.

See Also

• Calcium channel blocker
• Hypertension
• Angina