Diclofenac sodium
Diclofenac Sodium[edit | edit source]
Diclofenac sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammatory disorders. It is commonly prescribed for conditions such as arthritis, menstrual pain, and other types of acute pain. Diclofenac sodium works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which is involved in the production of prostaglandins, compounds that mediate inflammation and pain.
Medical Uses[edit | edit source]
Diclofenac sodium is used to manage various conditions, including:
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Migraine
- Dysmenorrhea
- Postoperative pain
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Diclofenac sodium inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins. This leads to decreased inflammation, pain, and fever. The drug's anti-inflammatory effects are primarily due to COX-2 inhibition, while COX-1 inhibition is associated with gastrointestinal side effects.
Administration[edit | edit source]
Diclofenac sodium is available in various forms, including:
- Oral tablets
- Topical gels
- Injectable solutions
- Suppositories
The dosage and form depend on the condition being treated and the patient's response to the medication.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of diclofenac sodium include:
Serious side effects may include cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke, especially with long-term use.
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Diclofenac sodium should not be used in patients with:
- Known hypersensitivity to diclofenac or other NSAIDs
- History of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding or peptic ulcer disease
- Severe renal impairment
- Severe hepatic impairment
Related Pages[edit | edit source]
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
- Cyclooxygenase
- Prostaglandin
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Migraine
- Dysmenorrhea
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