Pizza sauce

Pizza sauce is a culinary ingredient that plays a crucial role in the flavor and enjoyment of pizza, a popular dish enjoyed worldwide. The sauce is typically made from tomatoes, though variations exist, and is seasoned with a blend of herbs and spices. Its history, ingredients, and preparation methods are rich and varied, reflecting the diverse culinary traditions that contribute to pizza's global appeal.

History

The origins of pizza sauce are intertwined with the history of pizza itself, which traces back to Naples, Italy, in the 18th century. Initially, pizza was a simple dish made with garlic, lard, salt, and cheese. The addition of tomatoes, which were brought to Europe from the Americas in the 16th century, transformed pizza into the dish known today. The first recorded pizza recipe with tomato sauce dates back to 1889, created in honor of Queen Margherita of Savoy. The pizza, topped with tomatoes, mozzarella, and basil, was meant to represent the Italian flag, and its sauce became a staple of pizza making.

Ingredients

The primary ingredient in pizza sauce is tomatoes, which can be fresh, canned, or in the form of tomato paste. The choice of tomatoes significantly affects the sauce's flavor and texture. San Marzano tomatoes, grown in the volcanic soils near Naples, are highly prized for their sweet flavor and low acidity. Other common ingredients include:

• Olive oil - used for sautéing garlic or onions as the base of the sauce.
• Garlic and onion - provide depth and sweetness.
• Herbs - such as basil, oregano, and thyme, add freshness and aroma.
• Salt and pepper - for seasoning.
• Sugar - sometimes added to balance the acidity of the tomatoes.

Preparation

The preparation of pizza sauce can vary, but it generally involves simmering the ingredients to allow the flavors to meld. Some recipes call for a quick blend of raw ingredients for a fresh, bright flavor, while others require a slow cook to develop depth and richness. The sauce can be left chunky or blended until smooth, depending on personal preference.

Variations

While the classic tomato-based sauce is the most common, several variations exist:

• Pesto - made from basil, garlic, pine nuts, Parmesan cheese, and olive oil.
• White sauce (or béchamel) - a creamy sauce made from flour, butter, and milk.
• Barbecue sauce - offers a smoky, sweet, and tangy flavor.
• Alfredo sauce - a rich and creamy sauce made with butter, heavy cream, and Parmesan cheese.

Serving

Pizza sauce is most commonly spread over the pizza dough before adding cheese and other toppings. The amount of sauce used can vary according to personal taste, but it is generally applied in a thin layer to prevent the pizza from becoming soggy.

Cultural Significance

Pizza sauce is more than just a culinary ingredient; it represents the rich cultural heritage and regional variations of pizza. From the classic Neapolitan pizza to the deep-dish style of Chicago, the sauce plays a pivotal role in defining the character and flavor of the pizza.

See Also

• Pizza
• Tomato sauce
• Italian cuisine
• Cooking techniques