B-cell maturation antigen

B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), also known as CD269 (Cluster of Differentiation 269), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF17 gene. BCMA is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily and plays a key role in B cell development, survival and function.

Structure

BCMA is a type I transmembrane protein that is predominantly expressed in plasma cells. It is a receptor for B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), two members of the TNF superfamily of cytokines. The binding of these ligands to BCMA promotes B cell survival and enhances their immune response.

Function

• BCMA is essential for the survival of long-lived plasma cells, the cells that produce antibodies in response to infection or vaccination. It does this by activating NF-kappa B and MAPK8/JNK signaling pathways, which promote cell survival and proliferation.

• BCMA also plays a role in the development of multiple myeloma, a type of cancer that forms in plasma cells. In multiple myeloma, BCMA is highly expressed on the surface of the cancer cells, making it a potential target for cancer therapy.

Clinical significance

Due to its role in B cell survival and function, BCMA is being explored as a target for the treatment of B cell-related diseases, including multiple myeloma and autoimmune diseases. Several therapies that target BCMA, including monoclonal antibody therapies and CAR T-cell therapy, are currently in clinical trials.

See also

• B-cell activating factor
• A proliferation-inducing ligand
• Multiple myeloma
• Monoclonal antibody therapy
• CAR T-cell therapy