Nitrofurantoin sodium

Nitrofurantoin Sodium is a chemical compound used in the medical field, specifically in the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). It is a type of antibiotic that works by killing bacteria in the body.

Chemical Structure[edit | edit source]

Nitrofurantoin Sodium is a nitrofuran derivative with a chemical formula of C8H6N4O5. It is a sodium salt of nitrofurantoin, a synthetic, nitrofuran-derived antibacterial agent with specific bactericidal properties.

Medical Uses[edit | edit source]

Nitrofurantoin Sodium is primarily used to treat urinary tract infections caused by several types of bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterococci, and certain strains of Staphylococci. It is not effective against viral infections (such as the common cold or flu).

Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]

Nitrofurantoin Sodium works by inhibiting several bacterial enzyme systems such as DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, thereby killing the bacteria causing the infection. It is a bactericidal antibiotic, meaning it kills bacteria directly.

Side Effects[edit | edit source]

Like all medications, Nitrofurantoin Sodium can cause side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. More serious side effects can include lung reactions, liver problems, and nerve damage.

Precautions[edit | edit source]

Patients with a history of chronic kidney disease or those who are allergic to nitrofurantoin should not use Nitrofurantoin Sodium. It should also not be used in the last month of pregnancy as it can harm the unborn baby.