Neamine
Neamine is a aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces fradiae. It is a component of the antibiotic neomycin and is composed of two ring structures, namely 2-deoxystreptamine and neosamine.
Chemical Structure[edit | edit source]
Neamine consists of two ring structures, 2-deoxystreptamine and neosamine. The 2-deoxystreptamine ring is a cyclohexane ring with two amino groups and one hydroxyl group. The neosamine ring is a pyranose ring with three hydroxyl groups and one amino group. These two rings are connected by a glycosidic bond.
Biosynthesis[edit | edit source]
Neamine is biosynthesized in Streptomyces fradiae through a series of enzymatic reactions. The biosynthesis begins with the formation of 2-deoxystreptamine from glucose and glutamine. This is followed by the addition of neosamine, which is derived from glucosamine-6-phosphate.
Pharmacology[edit | edit source]
Neamine exhibits antibacterial activity by binding to the ribosome and inhibiting protein synthesis. It is effective against a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria and some Gram-positive bacteria. However, due to its high toxicity, it is not used clinically. Instead, it is used as a starting material for the synthesis of other aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as neomycin.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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