JWH-181

Synthetic cannabinoid

JWH-181 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist of the cannabinoid receptors. It is part of the naphthoylindole family of synthetic cannabinoids, which were originally developed for research purposes to study the endocannabinoid system.

Chemical Structure and Properties

JWH-181 has the chemical formula C₂₅H₂₅NO and a molecular weight of 355.48 g/mol. The compound is characterized by a naphthoylindole structure, which includes a naphthalene group attached to an indole core via a ketone linkage. The pentyl chain at the indole nitrogen is a common feature in many synthetic cannabinoids, contributing to its affinity for cannabinoid receptors.

Pharmacology

JWH-181 is a full agonist at the CB₁ and CB₂ cannabinoid receptors, with a higher affinity for the CB₁ receptor. This receptor is primarily found in the central nervous system and is responsible for the psychoactive effects of cannabinoids. The activation of these receptors by JWH-181 can lead to effects similar to those of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis.

Legal Status

The legal status of JWH-181 varies by country. In many jurisdictions, it is classified as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and lack of medical use. In the United States, it may be considered an analogue of other controlled synthetic cannabinoids, making it subject to the Federal Analogue Act.

Potential Risks and Effects

The use of JWH-181, like other synthetic cannabinoids, can pose significant health risks. These compounds can be more potent than natural cannabinoids, leading to severe side effects such as tachycardia, hypertension, hallucinations, and psychosis. Long-term use may also lead to dependence and withdrawal symptoms.

Research and Applications

JWH-181, along with other synthetic cannabinoids, has been used in scientific research to better understand the endocannabinoid system and the role of cannabinoid receptors in various physiological processes. However, due to its potential for abuse, its use is restricted to controlled laboratory settings.

Also see

• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Cannabinoid receptor
• JWH-018
• Endocannabinoid system