JWH-093

JWH-093 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist of the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. It is part of the naphthoylindole family of synthetic cannabinoids, which were originally developed for research purposes to study the endocannabinoid system.

Chemical Structure and Properties

JWH-093 is chemically classified as a naphthoylindole, with the IUPAC name (1-butyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenylmethanone. Its molecular formula is C23H21NO, and it has a molecular weight of 327.42 g/mol. The compound is typically found as a white powder and is soluble in organic solvents.

Pharmacology

JWH-093 functions as a full agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, with a higher affinity for the CB2 receptor. This receptor selectivity is significant because CB1 receptors are primarily located in the central nervous system, while CB2 receptors are more prevalent in peripheral tissues, particularly those involved in immune function.

The activation of CB1 receptors by JWH-093 can lead to psychoactive effects similar to those produced by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis. However, the effects of synthetic cannabinoids like JWH-093 can be more potent and unpredictable.

Legal Status

Due to its potential for abuse and lack of medical use, JWH-093 has been classified as a controlled substance in many countries. In the United States, it is listed as a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act, indicating that it is considered to have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.

Health Effects and Risks

The use of JWH-093 and other synthetic cannabinoids has been associated with a range of adverse health effects. These can include tachycardia, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, paranoia, and hallucinations. In severe cases, use can lead to seizures, renal failure, and cardiovascular complications.

Research and Applications

JWH-093 was initially synthesized for research purposes to better understand the endocannabinoid system and the role of cannabinoid receptors in various physiological processes. Despite its potential as a research tool, the recreational use of JWH-093 has overshadowed its scientific applications, leading to increased regulation and control.

Also see

• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Endocannabinoid system
• CB1 receptor
• CB2 receptor
• JWH-018
• Cannabinoid receptor agonists