JWH-016

JWH-016_structure.png Chemical structure of JWH-016

JWH-016 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist at the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. It is part of the naphthoylindole family of compounds and was first synthesized by John W. Huffman and his team at Clemson University in the 1990s. JWH-016 is one of many compounds that have been used in scientific research to better understand the endocannabinoid system.

Chemical Structure and Properties

JWH-016 has the chemical formula C₂₃H₂₁N₁O₁ and a molecular weight of 327.42 g/mol. The compound is characterized by a naphthoyl group attached to an indole core, with a methyl group at the 2-position and a propyl group at the 1-position of the indole ring. This structural configuration contributes to its high affinity for cannabinoid receptors.

Pharmacology

JWH-016 is a full agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 receptors, with a higher affinity for the CB2 receptor. The activation of these receptors by JWH-016 leads to a range of effects that mimic those of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis. These effects include alterations in mood, perception, and cognition, as well as potential therapeutic effects such as analgesia and anti-inflammatory properties.

Legal Status

The legal status of JWH-016 varies by country. In many jurisdictions, it is classified as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and lack of accepted medical use. In the United States, JWH-016 and other synthetic cannabinoids have been placed under Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act, making their manufacture, distribution, and possession illegal without a license.

Research and Applications

JWH-016 has been used in scientific research to study the endocannabinoid system and the effects of cannabinoid receptor activation. It has provided insights into the potential therapeutic applications of cannabinoids, as well as the risks associated with synthetic cannabinoid use. However, due to its legal status, research involving JWH-016 is limited and highly regulated.

Health Effects and Risks

The use of JWH-016, like other synthetic cannabinoids, can pose significant health risks. Adverse effects may include tachycardia, hypertension, anxiety, paranoia, and hallucinations. Long-term use can lead to dependence and withdrawal symptoms. The variability in potency and purity of synthetic cannabinoids further increases the risk of adverse effects.

Also see

• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Endocannabinoid system
• CB1 receptor
• CB2 receptor
• John W. Huffman
• Cannabis