Cholinergic antagonist

Cholinergic Antagonist

A cholinergic antagonist is a type of drug that inhibits the action of acetylcholine (ACh) in the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These drugs are also known as anticholinergics or parasympatholytics.

Mechanism of Action

Cholinergic antagonists work by blocking the receptors that acetylcholine would normally bind to. This prevents acetylcholine from exerting its effects, which include muscle contraction, heart rate regulation, and the secretion of certain hormones.

Types of Cholinergic Antagonists

There are two main types of cholinergic antagonists: muscarinic antagonists and nicotinic antagonists.

Muscarinic antagonists block the action of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors, which are found in the heart, smooth muscle, and glands. Examples of these drugs include atropine, scopolamine, and ipratropium.

Nicotinic antagonists block the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic receptors, which are found in the autonomic ganglia and the neuromuscular junction. Examples of these drugs include mecamylamine, hexamethonium, and tubocurarine.

Uses

Cholinergic antagonists have a wide range of medical uses. They can be used to treat conditions such as asthma, COPD, overactive bladder, and Parkinson's disease. They can also be used to manage the symptoms of certain poisonings and overdoses.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, cholinergic antagonists can have side effects. These can include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. In severe cases, they can cause delirium or hallucinations.

See Also

• Cholinergic
• Acetylcholine
• Muscarinic antagonist
• Nicotinic antagonist