Atropine methonitrate

Atropine methonitrate is a quinuclidine derivative and a tertiary amine that is used as an anticholinergic agent. It is a salt of atropine which is combined with methonitric acid to form a stable, water-soluble compound that can be administered orally or intravenously.

Chemistry

Atropine methonitrate is a quaternary ammonium compound. It is a derivative of atropine, which is itself a racemic mixture of hyoscyamine and its enantiomer. The methonitrate salt is formed by the reaction of atropine with methonitric acid.

Pharmacology

Atropine methonitrate acts as a competitive antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, thereby inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system. This results in a range of effects, including increased heart rate, dilation of the pupils (mydriasis), and reduced salivation and sweating. It also has a direct relaxant effect on smooth muscle, which is useful in treating conditions such as gastrointestinal spasms and peptic ulcers.

Clinical Use

Atropine methonitrate is used in the treatment of various conditions, including gastrointestinal spasms, peptic ulcers, and other disorders involving smooth muscle spasms. It is also used as a preoperative medication to reduce salivation and secretions in the respiratory tract.

Side Effects

The side effects of atropine methonitrate are similar to those of other anticholinergic drugs and include dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, and constipation. In high doses, it can cause confusion, hallucinations, and potentially life-threatening complications such as tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.

See Also

• Atropine
• Anticholinergic
• Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor