Theine

Theine is a naturally occurring compound found in tea leaves, and is chemically identical to caffeine. It was first discovered in tea by the German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge in 1827. The term "theine" is derived from "thea", the Latin name for tea.

History

Theine was first isolated from tea in 1827 by the German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge. He named it "kinate" after the kina plant, from which quinine is derived. However, it was later discovered that the compound was identical to caffeine, which had been isolated from coffee a few years earlier.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Theine, like caffeine, is a member of the xanthine family of alkaloids. It is a white crystalline substance that is soluble in hot water and alcohol. Its chemical formula is C8H10N4O2. Theine acts as a mild stimulant to the central nervous system, and its effects are similar to those of caffeine.

Effects on the Body

Theine has a number of effects on the body, most notably its ability to stimulate the central nervous system. This can lead to increased alertness and reduced fatigue. It also stimulates the heart and increases the flow of urine. However, excessive consumption of theine can lead to insomnia, nervousness, and other health problems.

Theine in Tea

The amount of theine in tea can vary greatly depending on the type of tea and how it is prepared. Green tea and white tea generally contain less theine than black tea and oolong tea. The theine content can also be reduced by steeping the tea for a shorter period of time.

See Also

• Caffeine
• Tea
• Xanthine