Depakote

Depakote

Depakote, also known by its generic name valproate or valproic acid, is a medication primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It is also used to prevent migraine headaches. Depakote is classified as an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug.

Pharmacology

Depakote works by increasing the amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA is a neurotransmitter that helps to calm nerve activity. By enhancing GABA levels, Depakote helps to stabilize electrical activity in the brain, which is beneficial in treating seizures and mood disorders.

Indications

Depakote is indicated for:

• Epilepsy: It is used to treat various types of seizure disorders, including complex partial seizures and absence seizures.
• Bipolar disorder: Depakote is effective in managing manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.
• Migraine: It is used as a prophylactic treatment to prevent migraine headaches.

Dosage and Administration

Depakote is available in several forms, including tablets, capsules, and sprinkle capsules. The dosage varies depending on the condition being treated, the patient's age, and their response to the medication. It is important to follow a healthcare provider's instructions when taking Depakote.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Depakote include:

• Nausea
• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Hair loss
• Weight gain

Serious side effects can occur, such as liver damage, pancreatitis, and teratogenic effects. Regular monitoring of liver function and blood levels is recommended during treatment.

Contraindications

Depakote is contraindicated in patients with:

• Liver disease
• Urea cycle disorders
• Known hypersensitivity to valproate

It is also contraindicated in pregnant women due to the risk of birth defects.

Interactions

Depakote can interact with other medications, including:

• Warfarin: May increase the risk of bleeding.
• Phenytoin: Can alter the levels of phenytoin in the blood.
• Lamotrigine: Increases the risk of serious skin reactions.

Monitoring

Patients on Depakote should have regular blood tests to monitor liver function and valproate levels. It is also important to monitor for signs of depression or suicidal thoughts.

History

Valproic acid was first synthesized in 1882, but its anticonvulsant properties were not discovered until 1962. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1978.

Also see

• Anticonvulsant
• Mood stabilizer
• Seizure
• Bipolar disorder treatment