Dictionary of food and drink

AGORA - a place of assembly for the people in ancient Greece; the marketplace in ancient Greece; 100 agorot equal 1 shekel in Israel
AIDS - a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles
Aaron Burr - United States politician who served as vice president under Jefferson; he mortally wounded his political rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel and fled south (1756-1836)
Acetaldehyde - a colorless volatile water-soluble liquid aldehyde used chiefly in manufacture of acetic acid and perfumes and drugs
Acetic acid - a colorless pungent liquid widely used in manufacturing plastics and pharmaceuticals
Acetyl - the organic group of acetic acid (CH3CO-)
Aconcagua - the highest mountain in the western hemisphere; located in the Andes in western Argentina (22,834 feet high)
Acorus - sweet flags; sometimes placed in subfamily Acoraceae
Acquired taste - a preference that is only acquired after considerable experience
Acupuncture - treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin
Ada - an enzyme found in mammals that can catalyze the deamination of adenosine into inosine and ammonia
Adams - a mountain peak in southwestern Washington in the Cascade Range (12,307 feet high); 2nd President of the United States (1735-1826); 6th President of the United States; son of John Adams (1767-1848); American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)
Ade - a sweetened beverage of diluted fruit juice
Adipose tissue - a kind of body tissue containing stored fat that serves as a source of energy; it also cushions and insulates vital organs
Adobo - a dish of marinated vegetables and meat or fish; served with rice
Adulterant - making impure or corrupt by adding extraneous materials; any substance that adulterates (lessens the purity or effectiveness of a substance)
Advertising - the business of drawing public attention to goods and services; a public promotion of some product or service
Advocacy - active support of an idea or cause etc.; especially the act of pleading or arguing for something
Aegean - of or relating to or bordering the Aegean Sea; of or relating to or characteristic of the prehistoric Aegean civilization; an arm of the Mediterranean between Greece and Turkey; a main trade route for the ancient civilizations of Crete and Greece and Rome and Persia
Aerobics - exercise that increases the need for oxygen
Afghan - of or relating to or characteristic of Afghanistan or its people; a blanket knitted or crocheted in strips or squares; sometimes used as a shawl; a native or inhabitant of Afghanistan; tall graceful breed of hound with a long silky coat; native to the Near East; a coat made of sheepskin; an Iranian language spoken in Afghanistan and Pakistan; the official language of Afghanistan
Africa - the second largest continent; located south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean
Aftertaste - an afterimage of a taste
Agriculture - the class of people engaged in growing food; the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock; a large-scale farming enterprise; the federal department that administers programs that provide services to farmers (including research and soil conservation and efforts to stabilize the farming economy); created in 1862
Ain - belonging to or on behalf of a specified person (especially yourself); preceded by a possessive
Air gun - a gun that propels a projectile by compressed air
Air well - a shaft for ventilation
Airborne - moved or conveyed by or through air
Akan - a Kwa language spoken in Ghana and the Ivory Coast
Al dente - of pasta cooked so as to be firm when eaten
Alas - by bad luck
Alcoholic - addicted to alcohol; characteristic of or containing alcohol; a person who drinks alcohol to excess habitually
Alcoholism - habitual intoxication; prolonged and excessive intake of alcoholic drinks leading to a breakdown in health and an addiction to alcohol such that abrupt deprivation leads to severe withdrawal symptoms; an intense persistent desire to drink alcoholic beverages to excess
Alive - capable of erupting; possessing life; (often followed by `with') full of life and spirit; (followed by `to' or `of') aware of; having life or vigor or spirit; (usually followed by `to') showing acute awareness; mentally perceptive; in operation
Allegro - (of tempo) fast; in a quick and lively tempo; a musical composition or passage performed quickly in a brisk lively manner; a brisk and lively tempo
Allotment - the act of distributing by allotting or apportioning; distribution according to a plan; a share set aside for a specific purpose
Almond - oval-shaped edible seed of the almond tree; small bushy deciduous tree native to Asia and North Africa having pretty pink blossoms and highly prized edible nuts enclosed in a hard green hull; cultivated in southern Australia and California
Amateur - engaged in as a pastime; lacking professional skill or expertise; someone who pursues a study or sport as a pastime; does not play for pay
Amber - of a medium to dark brownish yellow color; a deep yellow color; a hard yellowish to brownish translucent fossil resin; used for jewelry
Ambrosia - (classical mythology) the food and drink of the gods; mortals who ate it became immortal; fruit dessert made of oranges and bananas with shredded coconut; any of numerous chiefly North American weedy plants constituting the genus Ambrosia that produce highly allergenic pollen responsible for much hay fever and asthma; a mixture of nectar and pollen prepared by worker bees and fed to larvae
Amendment - the act of amending or correcting; a statement that is added to or revises or improves a proposal or document (a bill or constitution etc.)
America - North America and South America and Central America; North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
Amigo - a friend or comrade
Amylase - any of a group of proteins found in saliva and pancreatic juice and parts of plants; help convert starch to sugar
Anadama bread - a yeast-raised bread made of white flour and cornmeal and molasses
Andrews - United States naturalist who contributed to paleontology and geology (1884-1960)
Angling - fishing with a hook and line (and usually a pole)
Angus - black hornless breed from Scotland; Celtic god of love and beauty; patron deity of young men and women
Animal fat - any fat obtained from animals
Animal product - a product made from animal material
Animal - of the nature of or characteristic of or derived from an animal or animals; marked by the appetites and passions of the body; a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
Animalia - taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct animals
Anise - liquorice-flavored seeds or oil used in cookies or cakes or pickles; native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery
Anna - a former copper coin of Pakistan
Antipasto - a course of appetizers in an Italian meal
Appetite - a feeling of craving something
Apple butter - thick dark spicy puree of apples
Apple dumpling - apples wrapped in pastry and baked
Apple juice - the juice of apples
Apple pie - pie (with a top crust) containing sliced apples and sugar
Apple sauce - puree of stewed apples usually sweetened and spiced
Applejack - distilled from hard cider
Applesauce - puree of stewed apples usually sweetened and spiced; nonsensical talk or writing
Applewood - wood of any of various apple trees of the genus Malus
Aquaculture - rearing aquatic animals or cultivating aquatic plants for food
Arak - any of various strong liquors distilled from the fermented sap of toddy palms or from fermented molasses
Aralia elata - deciduous clump-forming Asian shrub or small tree; adventive in the eastern United States
Arborist - a specialist in treating damaged trees
Archery - the sport of shooting arrows with a bow
Ariana - city in Tunisia
Arles - money given by a buyer to a seller to bind a contract
Armenian - of or pertaining to Armenia or the people or culture of Armenia; a writing system having an alphabet of 38 letters in which the Armenian language is written; the Indo-European language spoken predominantly in Armenia; an ethnic group speaking Armenian and living in Armenia and Azerbaijan; a native or inhabitant of Armenia
Arrack - any of various strong liquors distilled from the fermented sap of toddy palms or from fermented molasses
Arrow - a projectile with a straight thin shaft and an arrowhead on one end and stabilizing vanes on the other; intended to be shot from a bow; a mark to indicate a direction or relation
Arrowhead - the pointed head or striking tip of an arrow
Arroz con pollo - rice and chicken cooked together Spanish style; highly seasoned especially with saffron
Arthropoda - jointed-foot invertebrates: arachnids; crustaceans; insects; millipedes; centipedes
Ascariasis - infestation of the human intestine with Ascaris roundworms
Ascorbic acid - a vitamin found in fresh fruits (especially citrus fruits) and vegetables; prevents scurvy
Ashkenazi - a Jew of eastern European or German descent
Asia - the nations of the Asian continent collectively; the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations
Aspic - savory jelly based on fish or meat stock used as a mold for meats or vegetables
Asshole - insulting terms of address for people who are stupid or irritating or ridiculous; excretory opening at the end of the alimentary canal
Astragalus - large genus of annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of north temperate regions; largest genus in the family Leguminosae; the bone in the ankle that articulates with the leg bones to form the ankle joint
Astringent - tending to draw together or constrict soft organic tissue; sour or bitter in taste; a drug that causes contraction of body tissues and canals
Astronomy - the branch of physics that studies celestial bodies and the universe as a whole
Atmosphere - the mass of air surrounding the Earth; the envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body; the weather or climate at some place; a particular environment or surrounding influence; a distinctive but intangible quality surrounding a person or thing; a unit of pressure: the pressure that will support a column of mercury 760 mm high at sea level and 0 degrees centigrade
Atole - eaten as mush or as a thin gruel
Atonement - compensation for a wrong; the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing (especially appeasing a deity)
Attenuation - the property of something that has been weakened or reduced in thickness or density; weakening in force or intensity
Au jus - served in its natural juices or gravy
Austral - of the south or coming from the south; relating to or coming from the south; the basic unit of money in Argentina; equal to 100 centavos
Australia - a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony; the smallest continent; between the South Pacific and the Indian Ocean
Automat - a cafeteria where food is served from machines; a vending machine from which you can get food
Autotroph - plant capable of synthesizing its own food from simple organic substances
Avena - oats
Azerbaijani - of or pertaining to Azerbaijan or the people or culture of Azerbaijan; the Turkic language spoken by the Azerbaijani; a native or inhabitant of Azerbaijan
BB gun - an air gun in which BBs are propelled by compressed air
Babka - a coffee cake flavored with orange rind and raisins and almonds
Bacchanalia - a wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity; an orgiastic festival in ancient Greece in honor of Dionysus (= Bacchus)
Bacchus - (classical mythology) god of wine; equivalent of Dionysus
Bacon - back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried; English statesman and philosopher; precursor of British empiricism; advocated inductive reasoning (1561-1626); English scientist and Franciscan monk who stressed the importance of experimentation; first showed that air is required for combustion and first used lenses to correct vision (1220-1292)
Bagasse - the dry dusty pulp that remains after juice is extracted from sugar cane or similar plants
Bagel - (Yiddish) glazed yeast-raised doughnut-shaped roll with hard crust
Baghdad - capital and largest city of Iraq; located on the Tigris River
Baguette - narrow French stick loaf
Bain-marie - a large pan that is filled with hot water; smaller pans containing food can be set in the larger pan to keep food warm or to cook food slowly
Bait - something used to lure victims into danger; anything that serves as an enticement; verb attack with dogs or set dogs upon; lure, entice, or entrap with bait; harass with persistent criticism or carping
Baked Alaska - cake covered with ice cream and meringue browned quickly in an oven
Baked potato - potato that has been cooked by baking it in an oven
Baker's yeast - used as a leaven in baking and brewing
Baker - someone who bakes bread or cake; someone who bakes commercially
Bakery - a workplace where baked goods (breads and cakes and pastries) are produced or sold
Baking - as hot as if in an oven; cooking by dry heat in an oven; making bread or cake or pastry etc.
Baklava - rich Middle Eastern cake made of thin layers of flaky pastry filled with nuts and honey
Baldwin - an American eating apple with red or yellow and red skin; English statesman; member of the Conservative Party (1867-1947); United States author who was an outspoken critic of racism (1924-1987)
Balsam of Peru - dark brown syrupy balsam from the Peruvian balsam tree used especially in dressing wounds and treating certain skin diseases
Banana boat - a ship designed to transport bananas
Banana bread - moist bread containing banana pulp
Banana split - a banana split lengthwise and topped with scoops of ice cream and sauces and nuts and whipped cream
Bandung - a city in Indonesia; located on western Java (southeast of Jakarta); a resort known for its climate
Banjo - a stringed instrument of the guitar family that has long neck and circular body
Bannock - a flat bread made of oat or barley flour; common in New England and Scotland
Bantamweight - an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 119 pounds; weighs 115-126 pounds
Barbecue sauce - spicy sweet and sour sauce usually based on catsup or chili sauce
Barbecue - a rack to hold meat for cooking over hot charcoal usually out of doors; a cookout in which food is cooked over an open fire; especially a whole animal carcass roasted on a spit; meat that has been barbecued or grilled in a highly seasoned sauce; verb cook outdoors on a barbecue grill
Barbecuing - roasting a large piece of meat on a revolving spit out of doors over an open fire
Barberry - any of numerous plants of the genus Berberis having prickly stems and yellow flowers followed by small red berries
Barkley - United States politician and lawyer; vice president of the United States (1877-1956)
Barley water - used to feed infants
Barm - a commercial leavening agent containing yeast cells; used to raise the dough in making bread and for fermenting beer or whiskey
Barmbrack - a rich currant cake or bun
Barrel - a cylindrical container that holds liquids; a tube through which a bullet travels when a gun is fired; any of various units of capacity; the quantity that a barrel (of any size) will hold; a bulging cylindrical shape; hollow with flat ends; verb put in barrels
Bartender - an employee who mixes and serves alcoholic drinks at a bar
Baseball - a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of nine players; teams take turns at bat trying to score runs; a ball used in playing baseball
Basement - the lowermost portion of a structure partly or wholly below ground level; often used for storage; the ground floor facade or interior in Renaissance architecture
Basil - leaves of the common basil; used fresh or dried; (Roman Catholic Church) the bishop of Caesarea who defended the Roman Catholic Church against the heresies of the 4th century; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-379); any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum
Basset Hound - smooth-haired breed of hound with short legs and long ears
Basting - moistening a roast as it is cooking; loose temporary stitches
Baum - United States writer of children's books (1856-1919)
Bay leaf - dried leaf of the bay laurel
Baya - common Indian weaverbird
Bayer - the acetylated derivative of salicylic acid; used as an analgesic anti-inflammatory drug (trade names Bayer and Empirin) usually taken in tablet form; used as an antipyretic; slows clotting of the blood by poisoning platelets
Beacon - a tower with a light that gives warning of shoals to passing ships; a fire (usually on a hill or tower) that can be seen from a distance; a radio station that broadcasts a directional signal for navigational purposes; verb guide with a beacon; shine like a beacon
Beagle - a small short-legged smooth-coated breed of hound
Beagling - hunting rabbits with beagles
Bean dip - a dip made of cooked beans
Bean - any of various edible seeds of plants of the family Leguminosae used for food; any of various leguminous plants grown for their edible seeds and pods; any of various seeds or fruits that are beans or resemble beans; informal terms for a human head; verb hit on the head, especially with a pitched baseball
Beanfeast - an annual dinner party given by an employer for the employees
Beano - a game in which numbered balls are drawn at random and players cover the corresponding numbers on their cards
Bear claw - claw of a bear; often used in jewelry; an incised design resembling the claw of a bear; used in Native American pottery; almond-flavored yeast-raised pastry shaped in an irregular semicircle resembling a bear's claw
Beef Wellington - rare-roasted beef tenderloin coated with mushroom paste in puff pastry
Beef - cattle that are reared for their meat; meat from an adult domestic bovine; informal terms for objecting; verb complain
Beekeeper - a farmer who keeps bees for their honey
Beeline - the most direct route
Beer - a general name for alcoholic beverages made by fermenting a cereal (or mixture of cereals) flavored with hops
Beignet - a square, very rich drop friedcake dusted with confectioners' sugar
Beirut - capital and largest city of Lebanon; located in western Lebanon on the Mediterranean
Bell pepper - large bell-shaped sweet pepper in green or red or yellow or orange or black varieties; plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers
Bellflower - any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers
Benedictine - of or relating to the Benedictines; of or relating to Saint Benedict or his works; a French liqueur originally made by Benedictine monks; a monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict
Berlin - a limousine with a glass partition between the front and back seats; capital of Germany located in eastern Germany; United States songwriter (born in Russia) who wrote more than 1500 songs and several musical comedies (1888-1989)
Bernstein - United States conductor and composer (1918-1990)
Beta-lactamase - enzyme produced by certain bacteria that inactivates penicillin and results in resistance to that antibiotic
Beurre noisette - clarified butter browned slowly and seasoned with vinegar or lemon juice and capers
Bhang - a preparation of the leaves and flowers of the hemp plant; much used in India
Bialy - flat crusty-bottomed onion roll
Bilingual - using or knowing two languages; a person who speaks two languages fluently
Biltong - meat that is salted and cut into strips and dried in the sun
Biomass - the total mass of living matter in a given unit area; plant materials and animal waste used as fuel
Biotin - a B vitamin that aids in body growth
Birch beer - carbonated drink containing an extract from bark of birch trees
Birdcage - a cage in which a bird can be kept
Biscuit - small round bread leavened with baking-powder or soda; any of various small flat sweet cakes (`biscuit' is the British term)
Bismarck - capital of the state of North Dakota; located in south central North Dakota overlooking the Missouri river; German statesman under whose leadership Germany was united (1815-1898)
Bitter orange - highly acidic orange used especially in marmalade; any of various common orange trees yielding sour or bitter fruit; used as grafting stock
Bitterroot - showy succulent ground-hugging plant of Rocky Mountains regions having deep to pale pink flowers and fleshy farinaceous roots; the Montana state flower
Black pepper - pepper that is ground from whole peppercorns with husks on; climber having dark red berries (peppercorns) when fully ripe; southern India and Sri Lanka; naturalized in northern Burma and Assam
Black pudding - a black sausage containing pig's blood and other ingredients
Blackening - changing to a darker color
Blackout - a momentary loss of consciousness; the failure of electric power for a general region; darkness resulting from the extinction of lights (as in a city invisible to enemy aircraft); a suspension of radio or tv broadcasting; partial or total loss of memory
Bland diet - a diet of foods that are not irritating
Blending - combining or mixing; the act of blending components together thoroughly; a gradation involving small or imperceptible differences between grades
Blenheim - the First Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy defeated the French in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession
Blighia sapida - widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions for its fragrant flowers and colorful fruits; introduced in Jamaica by William Bligh
Blini - Russian pancake of buckwheat flour and yeast; usually served with caviar and sour cream
Blintz - (Judaism) thin pancake folded around a filling and fried or baked
Bliss - a state of extreme happiness
Bloater - large fatty herring lightly salted and briefly smoked
Bloodhound - a breed of large powerful hound of European origin having very acute smell and used in tracking
Blue Moon - a long time
Bluefish - bluish warm-water marine food and game fish that follow schools of small fishes into shallow waters; fatty bluish flesh of bluefish
Boat-race - verb participate in a boat race
Bodybuilding - exercise that builds muscles through tension
Boiling - extremely; cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil; the application of heat to change something from a liquid to a gas
Boletus edulis - a edible and choice fungus; has a convex cap that is slightly viscid when fresh and moist but soon dries and a thick bulbous tan stalk
Bolo - long heavy knife with a single edge; of Philippine origin; a cord fastened around the neck with an ornamental clasp and worn as a necktie
Bologna - large smooth-textured smoked sausage of beef and veal and pork; the capital of Emilia-Romagna; located in northern Italy east of the Apennines
Bone - consisting of or made up of bone; a shade of white the color of bleached bones; rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates; the porous calcified substance from which bones are made; verb remove the bones from; study intensively, as before an exam
Boomerang - a curved piece of wood; when properly thrown will return to thrower; a miscalculation that recoils on its maker; verb return to the initial position from where it came; like a boomerang
Boost - the act of giving hope or support to someone; the act of giving a push; an increase in cost; verb give a boost to; be beneficial to; increase or raise; push or shove upward, as if from below or behind; increase; contribute to the progress or growth of
Borage - leaves flavor sauces and punches; young leaves eaten in salads or cooked; hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach
Borax - an ore of boron consisting of hydrated sodium borate; used as a flux or cleansing agent
Boreas - (Greek mythology) the god who personified the north wind; a wind that blows from the north
Borscht - a Russian soup usually containing beet juice as a foundation
Bosch - Dutch painter (1450-1516)
Bottle - a glass or plastic vessel used for storing drinks or other liquids; typically cylindrical without handles and with a narrow neck that can be plugged or capped; a vessel fitted with a flexible teat and filled with milk or formula; used as a substitute for breast feeding infants and very young children; the quantity contained in a bottle; verb put into bottles; store (liquids or gases) in bottles
Botulism - food poisoning from ingesting botulin; not infectious; affects the CNS; can be fatal if not treated promptly
Bouillon cube - a cube of evaporated seasoned meat extract
Boule - an inlaid furniture decoration; tortoiseshell and yellow and white metal form scrolls in cabinetwork
Bow and arrow - a weapon consisting of arrows and the bow to shoot them
Boycott - a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies; verb refuse to sponsor; refuse to do business with
Braising - cooking slowly in fat in a closed pot with little moisture
Bran - food prepared from the husks of cereal grains; broken husks of the seeds of cereal grains that are separated from the flour by sifting
Brazil - the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter; three-sided tropical American nut with white oily meat and hard brown shell
Bread - food made from dough of flour or meal and usually raised with yeast or baking powder and then baked; informal terms for money; verb cover with bread crumbs
Breadfruit - a large round seedless or seeded fruit with a texture like bread; eaten boiled or baked or roasted or ground into flour; the roasted seeds resemble chestnuts; native to Pacific islands and having edible fruit with a texture like bread
Breathalyzer - a device that measures chemicals (especially the alcohol content) in a person's expired breath
Brest - a port city in northwestern France (in Brittany); the chief naval station of France
Brewery - a plant where beer is brewed by fermentation
Brewing - the production of malt beverages (as beer or ale) from malt and hops by grinding and boiling them and fermenting the result with yeast
Brie - soft creamy white cheese; milder than Camembert
Brioche - a light roll rich with eggs and butter and somewhat sweet
Brisk - very active; quick and energetic; imparting vitality and energy; verb become brisk
Brisket - a cut of meat from the breast or lower chest especially of beef
Brittle - having little elasticity; hence easily cracked or fractured or snapped; (of metal or glass) not annealed and consequently easily cracked or fractured; lacking warmth and generosity of spirit; caramelized sugar cooled in thin sheets
Broccoli - branched green undeveloped flower heads; plant with dense clusters of tight green flower buds
Brooklyn - a borough of New York City
Brooks - United States literary critic and historian (1886-1963)
Broth - a thin soup of meat or fish or vegetable stock; liquid in which meat and vegetables are simmered; used as a basis for e.g. soups or sauces
Brown bread - dark steamed bread made of cornmeal wheat and flour with molasses and soda and milk or water; bread made with whole wheat flour
Brown sugar - unrefined or only partly refined sugar
Browne - United States writer of humorous tales of an itinerant showman (1834-1867); English illustrator of several of Dickens' novels (1815-1882)
Browning - English poet best remembered for love sonnets written to her husband Robert Browning (1806-1861); English poet and husband of Elizabeth Barrett Browning noted for his dramatic monologues (1812-1889); United States inventor of firearms (especially automatic pistols and repeating rifles and a machine gun called the Peacemaker) (1855-1926); cooking to a brown crispiness over a fire or on a grill
Browsing - the act of feeding by continual nibbling; reading superficially or at random
Brunch - combination breakfast and lunch; usually served in late morning; verb eat a meal in the late morning
Brussels sprout - plant grown for its stout stalks of edible small green heads resembling diminutive cabbages
Budapest - capital and largest city of Hungary; located on the Danube River in north-central Hungary
Buffalo wing - crisp spicy chicken wings
Buffalo - meat from an American bison; a city on Lake Erie in western New York (near Niagara Falls); any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo; Cape buffalo; large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains; verb intimidate or overawe
Buffet - a piece of furniture that stands at the side of a dining room; has shelves and drawers; a meal set out on a buffet at which guests help themselves; usually inexpensive bar; verb strike, beat repeatedly; strike against forcefully
Bulgur - parched crushed wheat
Burrito - a flour tortilla folded around a filling
Burton - a strong dark English ale; Welsh film actor who often co-starred with Elizabeth Taylor (1925-1984); English explorer who with John Speke was the first European to explore Lake Tanganyika (1821-1890)
Butcher block - a thick wooden slab formed by bonding together thick laminated strips of unpainted hardwood
Butcher - a person who slaughters or dresses meat for market; a brutal indiscriminate murderer; a retailer of meat; someone who makes mistakes because of incompetence; verb kill (animals) usually for food consumption
Butter dish - a small dish (often with a cover) for holding butter at the table
Butter - an edible emulsion of fat globules made by churning milk or cream; for cooking and table use; a fighter who strikes the opponent with his head; verb spread butter on
Butterfat - the fatty substance of milk from which butter is made
Buttermilk - residue from making butter from sour raw milk; or pasteurized milk curdled by adding a culture
Buttery - resembling or containing or spread with butter; unpleasantly and excessively suave or ingratiating in manner or speech; a teashop where students in British universities can purchase light meals; a small storeroom for storing foods or wines
Butyric acid - an unpleasant smelling fatty acid found especially in butter
Bycatch - unwanted marine creatures that are caught in the nets while fishing for another species
Cabbage - any of various types of cabbage; any of various cultivars of the genus Brassica oleracea grown for their edible leaves or flowers; informal terms for money; verb make off with belongings of others
Caesar - conqueror of Gaul and master of Italy (100-44 BC); United States comedian who pioneered comedy television shows (born 1922)
Caff - informal British term for a cafe
Cake - a block of solid substance (such as soap or wax); made from or based on a mixture of flour and sugar and eggs; small flat mass of chopped food; verb form a coat over
Calamus rotang - climbing palm of Sri Lanka and southern India remarkable for the great length of the stems which are used for malacca canes
Calcium sulfate - a white salt (CaSO4)
Calcium - a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earth's crust; an important component of most plants and animals
California - a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes
Calisthenics - light exercises designed to promote general fitness; the practice of calisthenic exercises
Calumet - a highly decorated ceremonial pipe of Amerindians; smoked on ceremonial occasions (especially as a token of peace)
Calvados - dry apple brandy made in Normandy
Camassia - genus of scapose herbs of North and South America having large edible bulbs
Camel - cud-chewing mammal used as a draft or saddle animal in desert regions
Camembert - rich soft creamy French cheese
Cameo - engraving or carving in low relief on a stone (as in a brooch or ring)
Campbell - United States mythologist (1904-1987)
Canada - a nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada
Canary - having the color of a canary; of a light to moderate yellow; any of several small Old World finches; a female singer; a moderate yellow with a greenish tinge; someone acting as an informer or decoy for the police
Candelilla wax - a hard brown wax that occurs as a coating on candelilla shrubs
Candied fruit - fruit cooked in sugar syrup and encrusted with a sugar crystals
Candy apple - an apple that is covered with a candy-like substance (usually caramelized sugar)
Candy bar - a candy shaped as a bar
Canna indica - canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained
Canned hunt - a hunt for animals that have been raised on game ranches until they are mature enough to be killed for trophy collections
Cannelloni - tubular pasta filled with meat or cheese
Cannibalism - the practice of eating the flesh of your own kind
Cantaloupe - a variety of muskmelon vine having fruit with a tan rind and orange flesh; the fruit of a cantaloup vine; small to medium-sized melon with yellowish flesh
Cantharellus - a well-known genus of fungus; has funnel-shaped fruiting body; includes the chanterelles
Caper - a playful leap or hop; a crime (especially a robbery); pickled flower buds used as a pungent relish in various dishes and sauces; any of numerous plants of the genus Capparis; a ludicrous or grotesque act done for fun and amusement; gay or light-hearted recreational activity for diversion or amusement; verb jump about playfully
Caprice - a sudden desire
Carafe - a bottle with a stopper; for serving wine or water
Caramel apple - an apple that is covered with a candy-like substance (usually caramelized sugar)
Caravaggio - Italian painter noted for his realistic depiction of religious subjects and his novel use of light (1573-1610)
Caravan - a procession (of wagons or mules or camels) traveling together in single file; a camper equipped with living quarters; verb travel in a caravan
Carbohydrate - an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals; includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain
Cardamom - aromatic seeds used as seasoning like cinnamon and cloves especially in pickles and barbecue sauces; rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning
Carhop - a waiter at a drive-in restaurant
Caribou - arctic deer with large antlers in both sexes; called `reindeer' in Eurasia and `caribou' in North America
Carl Jung - Swiss psychologist (1875-1961)
Carnassial - (of a tooth) adapted for shearing flesh
Carnation - pink or pinkish; a pink or reddish-pink color; Eurasian plant with pink to purple-red spice-scented usually double flowers; widely cultivated in many varieties and many colors
Carnauba wax - hard yellowish to brownish wax from leaves of the carnauba palm used especially in floor waxes and polishes
Carnivore - any animal that feeds on flesh; a terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mammal
Carp - any of various freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae; the lean flesh of a fish that is often farmed; can be baked or braised; verb raise trivial objections
Carrefour - a junction where one street or road crosses another
Carrot pudding - pudding made with grated carrots
Carter - someone whose work is driving carts; 39th President of the United States (1924-); Englishman and Egyptologist who in 1922 discovered and excavated the tomb of Tutankhamen (1873-1939)
Casein - a milk protein used in making e.g. plastics and adhesives; a water-base paint made with a protein precipitated from milk
Cassareep - flavoring made by boiling down the juice of the bitter cassava; used in West Indian cooking
Casserole - large deep dish in which food can be cooked and served; food cooked and served in a casserole
Casting - the choice of actors to play particular roles in a play or movie; the act of throwing a fishing line out over the water by means of a rod and reel; the act of creating something by casting it in a mold; object formed by a mold
Castle - interchanging the positions of the king and a rook; a large building formerly occupied by a ruler and fortified against attack; (chess) the piece that can move any number of unoccupied squares in a direction parallel to the sides of the chessboard; a large and stately mansion; verb move the king two squares toward a rook and in the same move the rook to the square next past the king
Category - a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations in a conceptual scheme; a collection of things sharing a common attribute
Caucasian - of or relating to Caucasian people; of or relating to the geographical region of Caucasia; a number of languages spoken in the Caucasus that have no known affiliations to languages spoken elsewhere; a member of the Caucasoid race
Cauliflower - compact head of white undeveloped flowers; a plant having a large edible head of crowded white flower buds
Celery salt - ground celery seed and salt
Central America - the nations of Central America collectively; the isthmus joining North America and South America; extends from the southern border of Mexico to the northern border of Colombia
Central - in or near a center or constituting a center; the inner area; centrally located and easy to reach; used in the description of a place that in the middle of another place; serving as an essential component; a workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communication
Centrepiece - something placed at the center of something else (as on a table); the central or most important feature
Centrum - the main body of a vertebra
Cerberus - (Greek mythology) the three-headed dog guarding the entrance to Hades; son of Typhon
Ceylon - an island in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of India; a republic on the island of Ceylon; became independent of the United Kingdom in 1948
Chagall - French painter (born in Russia) noted for his imagery and brilliant colors (1887-1985)
Chainsaw - portable power saw; teeth linked to form an endless chain
Chalice - a bowl-shaped drinking vessel; especially the Eucharistic cup
Challah - (Judaism) a loaf of white bread containing eggs and leavened with yeast; often formed into braided loaves and glazed with eggs before baking
Champ - someone who has won first place in a competition; verb chafe at the bit, like horses; chew noisily
Champagne flute - a tall narrow wineglass
Champion - holding first place in a contest; someone who fights for a cause; someone who has won first place in a competition; someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field; a person who backs a politician or a team etc.; verb protect or fight for as a champion
Chanterelle - widely distributed edible mushroom rich yellow in color with a smooth cap and a pleasant apricot aroma
Chapati - flat pancake-like bread cooked on a griddle
Chapeau - headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim
Charcuterie - a delicatessen that specializes in meats
Chard - long succulent whitish stalks with large green leaves; beet lacking swollen root; grown as a vegetable for its edible leaves and stalks
Chase - United States politician and jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1808-1873); the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture; verb cut a groove into; go after with the intent to catch; pursue someone sexually or romantically; cut a furrow into a columns
Cheddar - hard smooth-textured cheese; originally made in Cheddar in southwestern England; a village in southwestern England where cheddar cheese was first made
Cheese spread - spread made of cheese mixed with butter or cream or cream cheese and seasonings
Cheese - a solid food prepared from the pressed curd of milk; erect or decumbent Old World perennial with axillary clusters of rosy-purple flowers; introduced in United States; verb wind onto a cheese; used in the imperative (get away, or stop it)
Cheeseburger - a hamburger with melted cheese on it
Cheesecake - a photograph of an attractive woman in minimal attire; made with sweetened cream cheese and eggs and cream baked in a crumb crust
Chef - a professional cook
Chestnut - (of hair) of a golden brown to reddish brown color; a dark golden-brown or reddish-brown horse; a small horny callus on the inner surface of a horse's leg; edible nut of any of various chestnut trees of the genus Castanea; any of several attractive deciduous trees yellow-brown in autumn; yield a hard wood and edible nuts in a prickly bur; wood of any of various chestnut trees of the genus Castanea
Chevron - an inverted V-shaped charge; V-shaped sleeve badge indicating military rank and service
Chew the fat - verb talk socially without exchanging too much information
Chicha - an oriental tobacco pipe with a long flexible tube connected to a container where the smoke is cooled by passing through water
Chicken Kiev - pounded chicken cutlets rolled around butter (that has been seasoned with herbs) and then covered with crumbs and fried
Chicken salad - salad composed primarily of chopped chicken meat
Chicken - easily frightened; a domestic fowl bred for flesh or eggs; believed to have been developed from the red jungle fowl; a foolhardy competition; a dangerous activity that is continued until one competitor becomes afraid and stops; the flesh of a chicken used for food; a person who lacks confidence, is irresolute and wishy-washy
Chickpea - large white roundish Asiatic legume; usually dried; Asiatic herb cultivated for its short pods with one or two edible seeds; the seed of the chickpea plant
Chicory - crisp spiky leaves with somewhat bitter taste; root of the chicory plant roasted and ground to substitute for or adulterate coffee; perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads; the dried root of the chicory plant: used as a coffee substitute
Child - a young person of either sex; a human offspring (son or daughter) of any age; an immature childish person; a member of a clan or tribe
China - high quality porcelain originally made only in China; a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world; dishware made of high quality porcelain; a government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the communists led by Mao Zedong
Chinese yam - hardy Chinese vine naturalized in United States and cultivated as an ornamental climber for its glossy heart-shaped cinnamon-scented leaves and in the tropics for its edible tubers
Chinese - of or pertaining to China or its peoples or cultures; of or relating to or characteristic of the island republic on Taiwan or its residents or their language; any of the Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in China; regarded as dialects of a single language (even though they are mutually unintelligible) because they share an ideographic writing system; a native or inhabitant of Communist China or of Nationalist China
Chipolata - a small thin sausage
Chiropractic - a method of treatment that manipulates body structures (especially the spine) to relieve low back pain or even headache or high blood pressure
Chlorella - any alga of the genus Chlorella
Chocolate bar - a bar of chocolate candy
Chocolate milk - milk flavored with chocolate syrup
Chocolate - a medium brown to dark-brown color; a food made from roasted ground cacao beans; a beverage made from cocoa powder and milk and sugar; usually drunk hot
Cholera - an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food
Cholesterol - an animal sterol that is normally synthesized by the liver; the most abundant steroid in animal tissues
Choline - a B-complex vitamin that is a constituent of lecithin; essential in the metabolism of fat
Chop Suey - meat or fish stir-fried with vegetables (e.g., celery, onions, peppers or bean sprouts) seasoned with ginger and garlic and soy sauce; served with rice; created in the United States and frequently served in Chinese restaurants there
Chopped - prepared by cutting
Chorizo - a spicy Spanish pork sausage
Chromium - a hard brittle multivalent metallic element; resistant to corrosion and tarnishing
Chuck - a holding device consisting of adjustable jaws that center a workpiece in a lathe or center a tool in a drill; the part of a forequarter from the neck to the ribs and including the shoulder blade; informal terms for a meal; verb pat or squeeze fondly or playfully, especially under the chin; throw carelessly; throw away; eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth
Chutney - chopped fruits or green tomatoes cooked in vinegar and sugar with ginger and spices
Cider - a beverage made from juice pressed from apples
Cinnamon - spice from the dried aromatic bark of the Ceylon cinnamon tree; used as rolled strips or ground; tropical Asian tree with aromatic yellowish-brown bark; source of the spice cinnamon; aromatic bark used as a spice
Cirio - candlewood of Mexico and southwestern California having tall columnar stems and bearing honey-scented creamy yellow flowers
Cis - an alliance made up of states that had been Soviet Socialist Republics in the Soviet Union prior to its dissolution in Dec 1991
Citrullus - a dicot genus of the family Cucurbitaceae including watermelons
Citrus - any of numerous fruits of the genus Citrus having thick rind and juicy pulp; grown in warm regions; any of numerous tropical usually thorny evergreen trees of the genus Citrus having leathery evergreen leaves and widely cultivated for their juicy edible fruits having leathery aromatic rinds
Clabber - raw milk that has soured and thickened; verb turn into curds
Clam dip - a dip made of clams and soft cream cheese
Clambake - a cookout at the seashore where clams and fish and other foods are cooked--usually on heated stones covered with seaweed
Class - elegance in dress or behavior; people having the same social or economic status; a collection of things sharing a common attribute; (biology) a taxonomic group containing one or more orders; a body of students who are taught together; a body of students who graduate together; a league ranked by quality; education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings; verb arrange or order by classes or categories
Classic - characteristic of the classical artistic and literary traditions; adhering to established standards and principles; a creation of the highest excellence; an artist who has created classic works
Cleaning - the act of making something clean
Climate - the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time; the prevailing psychological state
Clitocybe nuda - edible agaric that is pale lilac when young; has a smooth moist cap
Cloche - a woman's close-fitting hat that resembles a helmet; a low transparent cover put over young plants to protect them from cold
Clotted cream - thick cream made from scalded milk
Clover - a plant of the genus Trifolium
Clubbing - a condition in which the ends of toes and fingers become wide and thick; a symptom of heart or lung disease
Coal oil - a flammable hydrocarbon oil used as fuel in lamps and heaters
Cobalt - a hard ferromagnetic silver-white bivalent or trivalent metallic element; a trace element in plant and animal nutrition
Cobbler - tall sweetened iced drink of wine or liquor with fruit; a person who makes or repairs shoes; made of fruit with rich biscuit dough usually only on top of the fruit
Coca Cola - Coca Cola is a trademarked cola
Cocaine - a narcotic (alkaloid) extracted from coca leaves; used as a surface anesthetic or taken for pleasure; can become powerfully addictive
Cochineal - a red dyestuff consisting of dried bodies of female cochineal insects; Mexican red scale insect that feeds on cacti; the source of a red dye
Cockle - common edible European bivalve mollusk having a rounded shell with radiating ribs; common edible European bivalve; verb to gather something into small wrinkles or folds; stir up (water) so as to form ripples
Cocktail dress - a dress suitable for formal occasions
Cocktail party - an afternoon party at which cocktails are served
Cocktail sauce - usually catsup with horseradish and lemon juice
Coconut water - clear to whitish fluid from within a fresh coconut
Cod liver oil - an oil obtained from the livers of cod and similar fishes; taken orally as a source of vitamins A and D
Coffee bean - a seed of the coffee tree; ground to make coffee
Coffee cake - a cake or sweet bread usually served with coffee
Coffee cup - a cup from which coffee is drunk
Coffee filter - filter (usually of paper) that passes the coffee and retains the coffee grounds
Coffeehouse - a small restaurant where drinks and snacks are sold
Cola - carbonated drink flavored with extract from Kola nuts (`dope' is a southernism in the United States); large genus of African trees bearing kola nuts
Coleslaw - basically shredded cabbage
Collation - careful examination and comparison to note points of disagreement; assembling in proper numerical or logical sequence; a light informal meal
Colonization - the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies
Colostrum - milky fluid secreted for the first day or two after parturition
Comfit - candy containing a fruit or nut; verb make into a confection
Comfort food - food that is simply prepared and gives a sense of wellbeing; typically food with a high sugar or carbohydrate content that is associated with childhood or with home cooking
Commons - a pasture subject to common use; class composed of persons lacking noble or knightly or gentle rank; a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area
Communism - a political theory favoring collectivism in a classless society; a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership
Compost - a mixture of decaying vegetation and manure; used as a fertilizer; verb convert to compost
Compote - dessert of stewed or baked fruit
Concha - (anatomy) a structure that resembles a shell in shape
Condiment - a preparation (a sauce or relish or spice) to enhance flavor or enjoyment
Conduction - the transmission of heat or electricity or sound
Confectionery - the occupation and skills of a confectioner; a confectioner's shop; candy and other sweets considered collectively
Confession - (Roman Catholic Church) the act of a penitent disclosing his sinfulness before a priest in the sacrament of penance in the hope of absolution; a written document acknowledging an offense and signed by the guilty party; a document that spells out the belief system of a given church (especially the Reformation churches of the 16th century); a public declaration of your faith; an admission of misdeeds or faults
Confit - a piece of meat (especially a duck) cooked slowly in its own fat
Conservation - the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources; (physics) the maintenance of a certain quantities unchanged during chemical reactions or physical transformations; an occurrence of improvement by virtue of preventing loss or injury or other change
Constriction - the action or process of compressing; a tight feeling in some part of the body; tight or narrow compression; a narrowing that reduces the flow through a channel
Consumer - a person who uses goods or services
Contamination - the act of contaminating or polluting; including (either intentionally or accidentally) unwanted substances or factors; the state of being contaminated; a substance that contaminates
Continental - being or concerning or limited to a continent especially the continents of North America or Europe; of or relating to or characteristic of a continent; of or pertaining to or typical of Europe; of or relating to or concerning the American colonies during and immediately after the American Revolutionary War
Convection - the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion; (meteorology) the vertical movement of heat or other properties by massive motion within the atmosphere
Convenient - easy to reach; suited to your comfort or purpose or needs; large and roomy (`convenient' is archaic in this sense)
Convention - the act of convening; something regarded as a normative example; (diplomacy) an international agreement; a large formal assembly; orthodoxy as a consequence of being conventional
Cook - someone who cooks food; English navigator who claimed the east coast of Australia for Britain and discovered several Pacific islands (1728-1779); verb transform and make suitable for consumption by heating; transform by heating; prepare for eating by applying heat; prepare a hot meal; fake or falsify
Cookbook - a book of recipes and cooking directions
Cooke - United States financier who marketed Union bonds to finance the American Civil War; the failure of his bank resulted in a financial panic in 1873 (1821-1905); United States journalist (born in England in 1908)
Cookie jar - a jar in which cookies are kept (and sometimes money is hidden)
Cookie - a short line of text that a web site puts on your computer's hard drive when you access the web site; any of various small flat sweet cakes (`biscuit' is the British term); the cook on a ranch or at a camp
Cooking apple - an apple used primarily in cooking for pies and applesauce etc
Cooking - the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat
Cooler - a refrigerator for cooling liquids; a cell for violent prisoners; an iced drink especially white wine and fruit juice
Copenhagen - the capital and largest city of Denmark; located on the island of Zealand
Copra - the dried meat of the coconut from which oil is extracted
Coprophagia - eating feces; in human a symptom of some kinds of insanity
Corchorus - widely distributed genus of tropical herbs or subshrubs; especially Asia; any of various plants of the genus Corchorus having large leaves and cymose clusters of yellow flowers; a source of jute
Cordial - sincerely or intensely felt; showing warm and heartfelt friendliness; diffusing warmth and friendliness; strong highly flavored sweet liquor usually drunk after a meal
Cordon bleu - a chef famous for his great skill; an honor or award gained for excellence
Corn chip - thin piece of cornmeal dough fried
Corn fritter - fritter containing corn or corn kernels
Corn smut - a smut fungus attacking Indian corn
Cornbread - bread made primarily of cornmeal
Corned beef - beef cured or pickled in brine
Cornucopia - the property of being extremely abundant; a goat's horn filled with grain and flowers and fruit symbolizing prosperity
Cornwall - a hilly county in southwestern England
Corona - a long cigar with blunt ends; (anatomy) any structure that resembles a crown in shape; one or more circles of light seen around a luminous object; (botany) the trumpet-shaped or cup-shaped outgrowth of the corolla of a daffodil or narcissus flower; the outermost region of the sun's atmosphere; visible as a white halo during a solar eclipse; an electrical discharge accompanied by ionization of surrounding atmosphere
Corporate - organized and maintained as a legal corporation; done by or characteristic of individuals acting together; of or belonging to a corporation; possessing or existing in bodily form
Corsica - a region of France on the island of Corsica; birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte; an island in the Mediterranean; with adjacent islets it constitutes a region of France
Cortland - large apple with a red skin
Cosmopolitan - of worldwide scope or applicability; composed of people from or at home in many parts of the world; especially not provincial in attitudes or interests; growing or occurring in many parts of the world; a sophisticated person who has travelled in many countries
Costermonger - a hawker of fruit and vegetables from a barrow
Cottage cheese - mild white cheese made from curds of soured skim milk
Cotton candy - a candy made by spinning sugar that has been boiled to a high temperature
Count - the act of counting; a nobleman (in various countries) having rank equal to a British earl; the total number counted; verb include as if by counting; have faith or confidence in; name or recite the numbers; determine the number or amount of; have weight; have import, carry weight; put into a group; take account of; show consideration for; take into account
Country Store - a retail store serving a sparsely populated region; usually stocked with a wide variety of merchandise
Country - the territory occupied by a nation; an area outside of cities and towns; the people who live in a nation or country; a politically organized body of people under a single government; a particular geographical region of indefinite boundary (usually serving some special purpose or distinguished by its people or culture or geography)
Coursing - hunting with dogs (usually greyhounds) that are trained to chase game (such as hares) by sight instead of by scent
Couscous - a pasta made in northern Africa of crushed and steamed semolina; a spicy dish that originated in northern Africa; consists of pasta steamed with a meat and vegetable stew
Cover charge - a fixed charge by a restaurant or night club over and above the charge for food and drink
Cowpea - sprawling Old World annual cultivated especially in southern United States for food and forage and green manure; fruit or seed of the cowpea plant; eaten fresh as shell beans or dried
Crackers - informal or slang terms for mentally irregular
Cracklings - the crisp residue left after lard has been rendered
Cramp - a strip of metal with ends bent at right angles; used to hold masonry together; a clamp for holding pieces of wood together while they are glued; a painful and involuntary muscular contraction; verb secure with a cramp; prevent the progress or free movement of
Cran - a capacity unit used for measuring fresh herring
Crane - large long-necked wading bird of marshes and plains in many parts of the world; lifts and moves heavy objects; lifting tackle is suspended from a pivoted boom that rotates around a vertical axis; United States poet (1899-1932); United States writer (1871-1900); a small constellation in the southern hemisphere near Phoenix; verb stretch (the neck) so as to see better
Crataegus - thorny shrubs and small trees: hawthorn; thorn; thorn apple
Crawfish - large edible marine crustacean having a spiny carapace but lacking the large pincers of true lobsters; small freshwater decapod crustacean that resembles a lobster; tiny lobster-like crustaceans usually boiled briefly; verb make a retreat from an earlier commitment or activity
Crawford - United States film actress (1908-1977); United States neoclassical sculptor (1814-1857)
Cream cheese - soft unripened cheese made of sweet milk and cream
Creamery - a workplace where dairy products (butter and cheese etc.) are produced or sold
Creatine - an amino acid that does not occur in proteins but is found in the muscle tissue of vertebrates both in the free form and as phosphocreatine; supplies energy for muscle contraction
Cretan - a native or inhabitant of Crete
Cricket - a game played with a ball and bat by two teams of 11 players; teams take turns trying to score runs; leaping insect; male makes chirping noises by rubbing the forewings together; verb play cricket
Crimson - characterized by violence or bloodshed; (especially of the face) reddened or suffused with or as if with blood from emotion or exertion; of a color at the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies; a deep and vivid red color; verb turn red, as if in embarrassment or shame
Crispiness - firm but easily broken
Criticism - a serious examination and judgment of something; a written evaluation of a work of literature; disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings
Croatian - of or relating to or characteristic of Croatia or its people or language; a member of the Slavic people living in Croatia
Croissant - very rich flaky crescent-shaped roll
Croquette - minced cooked meats (or vegetables) in thick white sauce; breaded and deep-fried
Crosse - a long racket with a triangular frame; used in playing lacrosse
Crouton - a small piece of toasted or fried bread; served in soup or salads
Cruet-stand - a stand for cruets containing various condiments
Cruet - bottle that holds wine or oil or vinegar for the table
Cruiserweight - a professional boxer who weighs between 169 and 175 pounds
Crumb cake - cake or coffeecake topped with a mixture of sugar and butter and flour
Crumble - verb break or fall apart into fragments; fall apart; fall into decay or ruin
Crumpet - raised muffin cooked on a griddle
Crunch - the sound of something crunching; a critical situation that arises because of a shortage (as a shortage of time or money or resources); the act of crushing; verb make crunching noises; chew noisily; press or grind with a crunching noise; reduce to small pieces or particles by pounding or abrading
Crust - the trait of being rude and impertinent; inclined to take liberties; the outer layer of the Earth; a hard outer layer that covers something; verb form a crust or form into a crust
Cuba - the largest island in the West Indies; a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba
Cucumis - cucumbers; muskmelons
Cuisine - the practice or manner of preparing food or the food so prepared
Cultivator - a farm implement used to break up the surface of the soil (for aeration and weed control and conservation of moisture); someone concerned with the science or art or business of cultivating the soil
Cumin - aromatic seeds of the cumin herb of the carrot family; dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds
Curd - coagulated milk; used to made cheese; a coagulated liquid resembling milk curd
Curdling - turning into a solid mass; the process of forming semisolid lumps in a liquid
Curing - the process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization
Current - occurring in or belonging to the present time; a steady flow (usually from natural causes); a flow of electricity through a conductor; dominant course (suggestive of running water) of successive events or ideas
Curry - (East Indian cookery) a pungent dish of vegetables or meats flavored with curry powder and usually eaten with rice; verb treat by incorporating fat; season with a mixture of spices; typical of Indian cooking; give a neat appearance to
Custard - sweetened mixture of milk and eggs baked or boiled or frozen
Cutlet - thin slice of meat (especially veal) usually fried or broiled
Cyanocobalamin - a B vitamin that is used to treat pernicious anemia
Cycling - the sport of traveling on a bicycle or motorcycle
Cydonia - quince
Cysteine - an amino acid containing sulfur that is found in most proteins; oxidizes on exposure to air to form cystine
Da Vinci - Italian painter and sculptor and engineer and scientist and architect; the most versatile genius of the Italian Renaissance (1452-1519)
Daiquiri - a cocktail made with rum and lime or lemon juice
Dairy product - milk and butter and cheese
Dairy - a farm where dairy products are produced
Danger zone - a dangerous area
Daniel - an Old Testament book that tells of the apocalyptic visions and the experiences of Daniel in the court of Nebuchadnezzar; a wise and upright judge; (Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)
Dart - a tapered tuck made in dressmaking; a small narrow pointed missile that is thrown or shot; a sudden quick movement; verb move with sudden speed; run or move very quickly or hastily; move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart
Darts - a game in which small pointed missiles are thrown at a dartboard
Day by Day - gradually and progressively
Decoction - (pharmacology) the extraction by boiling of water-soluble drug substances
Decoy - a beguiler who leads someone into danger (usually as part of a plot); something used to lure victims into danger; verb lure or entrap with or as if with a decoy
Deeds - performance of moral or religious acts
Defunct - having ceased to exist or live; no longer in force or use; inactive
Degustation - taking a small amount into the mouth to test its quality
Dehydration - the process of extracting moisture; depletion of bodily fluids; dryness resulting from the removal of water
Deimos - the outer of two small satellites of Mars
Delicacy - subtly skillful handling of a situation; smallness of stature; refined taste; tact; lightness in movement or manner; the quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance; lack of physical strength; something considered choice to eat
Delicatessen - a shop selling ready-to-eat food products; ready-to-eat food products
Delivery - the act of delivering a child; the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail); the voluntary transfer of something (title or possession) from one party to another; the event of giving birth; recovery or preservation from loss or danger; (baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter; your characteristic style or manner of expressing yourself orally
Demitasse - small coffee cup; for serving black coffee; small cup of strong black coffee without milk or cream
Derby - a felt hat that is round and hard with a narrow brim
Detonator - a mechanical or electrical explosive device or a small amount of explosive; can be used to initiate the reaction of a disrupting explosive
Detoxification - treatment for poisoning by neutralizing the toxic properties (normally a function of the liver); a treatment for addiction to drugs or alcohol intended to remove the physiological effects of the addictive substances
Deviled egg - halved hard-cooked egg with the yolk mashed with mayonnaise and seasonings and returned to the white
Dextrin - any of various polysaccharides obtained by hydrolysis of starch; a tasteless and odorless gummy substance that is used as a thickening agent and in adhesives and in dietary supplements
Diabetic diet - a diet designed to help control the symptoms of diabetes
Diana - (Roman mythology) virgin goddess of the hunt and the moon; counterpart of Greek Artemis; English aristocrat who was the first wife of Prince Charles; her death in an automobile accident in Paris produced intense national mourning (1961-1997)
Dibber - a wooden hand tool with a pointed end; used to make holes in the ground for planting seeds or bulbs
Dichotomy - being twofold; a classification into two opposed parts or subclasses
Dictyoptera - in some classifications replaced by the orders (here suborders) Blattodea (cockroaches) and Manteodea (mantids); in former classifications often subsumed under a much broader order Orthoptera
Diet - the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods); the usual food and drink consumed by an organism (person or animal); a prescribed selection of foods; a legislative assembly in certain countries (e.g., Japan); verb eat sparingly, for health reasons or to lose weight; follow a regimen or a diet, as for health reasons
Dieting - the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods)
Dill - aromatic threadlike foliage of the dill plant used as seasoning; aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning
Dim sum - traditional Chinese cuisine; a variety of foods (including several kinds of steamed or fried dumplings) are served successively in small portions
Diner - a restaurant that resembles a dining car; a person eating a meal (especially in a restaurant); a passenger car where food is served in transit
Dinner - the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday; a party of people assembled to have dinner together
Dippel's oil - dark-colored ill-smelling oil obtained by carbonizing bone; used especially in sheep dips and in denaturing alcohol
Dipsomania - an intense persistent desire to drink alcoholic beverages to excess
Directive - showing the way by conducting or leading; imposing direction on; a procement encouraging or banning some activity
Discovery - the act of discovering something; a productive insight; something that is discovered; (law) compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case; enables one side in a litigation to elicit information from the other side concerning the facts in the case
Divinity - the quality of being divine; white creamy fudge made with egg whites; the rational and systematic study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truth; any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force
Doily - a small round piece of linen place under a dish or bowl
Dominion - one of the self-governing nations in the British Commonwealth; dominance or power through legal authority; a region marked off for administrative or other purposes
Donald Duck - a fictional duck created in animated film strips by Walt Disney
Doughnut - a small ring-shaped friedcake; a toroidal shape
Drama - the quality of being arresting or highly emotional; the literary genre of works intended for the theater; an episode that is turbulent or highly emotional; a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage
Dream - a state of mind characterized by abstraction and release from reality; a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep; imaginative thoughts indulged in while awake; someone or something wonderful; a fantastic but vain hope (from fantasies induced by the opium pipe); a cherished desire; verb have a daydream; indulge in a fantasy; experience while sleeping
Dried fruit - fruit preserved by drying
Drifter - a wanderer who has no established residence or visible means of support
Drink - the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess; a single serving of a beverage; any large deep body of water; the act of swallowing; any liquid suitable for drinking; verb take in liquids; consume alcohol; drink excessive amounts of alcohol; be an alcoholic; be fascinated or spell-bound by; pay close attention to; propose a toast to
Drinking song - a song celebrating the joys of drinking; sung at drinking parties
Drinking straw - a thin paper or plastic tube used to such liquids into the mouth
Drinking water - water suitable for drinking
Drinking - the act of consuming liquids; the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess
Dropline - a headline with the top line flush left and succeeding lines indented to the right
Drug - a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic; verb administer a drug to; use recreational drugs
Drying oil - an oil that hardens in air due to oxidation and is often used as a paint or varnish base
Dryness - the condition of not containing or being covered by a liquid (especially water); objectivity and detachment; moderation in or abstinence from alcohol or other drugs
Duck sauce - a thick sweet and pungent Chinese condiment
East - situated in or facing or moving toward the east; to, toward, or in the east; the countries of Asia; the region of the United States lying north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River; the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees
Easter egg - a colored hard-boiled egg used to celebrate Easter; an egg-shaped candy used to celebrate Easter
Eastern - lying toward or situated in the east; relating to or characteristic of regions of eastern parts of the world; of or characteristic of eastern regions of the United States; from the east; used especially of winds; lying in or toward the east
Eating - the act of consuming food
Echinacea - small genus of North American coarse perennial herbs
Edger - garden tool for cutting grass around the edges of a yard; a person who puts finishing edges on a garment
Edwards - American theologian whose sermons and writings stimulated a period of renewed interest in religion in America (1703-1758)
Effectiveness - power to be effective; the quality of being able to bring about an effect; capacity to produce strong physiological or chemical effects
Egg cream - made of milk and flavored syrup with soda water
Egg roll - minced vegetables and meat wrapped in a pancake and fried
Egghead - an intellectual; a very studious and academic person
Eggnog - a punch made of sweetened milk or cream mixed with eggs and usually alcoholic liquor
Eggplant - egg-shaped vegetable having a shiny skin typically dark purple but occasionally white or yellow; hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable
Eleven - being one more than ten; the cardinal number that is the sum of ten and one; a team that plays football
Empire - an eating apple that somewhat resembles a McIntosh; used as both an eating and a cooking apple; a group of countries under a single authority; a monarchy with an emperor as head of state; the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised; a group of diverse companies under common ownership and run as a single organization
Enchilada - tortilla with meat filling baked in tomato sauce seasoned with chili
England - a division of the United Kingdom
Engraulidae - anchovies
Engraulis - type genus of the family Engraulidae
Ensure - verb be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something; make certain of
Enterprise - a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness); readiness to embark on bold new ventures; an organization created for business ventures
Envy - spite and resentment at seeing the success of another (personified as one of the deadly sins); a feeling of grudging admiration and desire to have something that is possessed by another; verb be envious of; set one's heart on; feel envious towards; admire enviously
Eosinophilia - a symptom of allergic states; increased eosinophils in the blood
Epergne - a large table centerpiece with branching holders for fruit or sweets or flowers
Ephedra - jointed and nearly leafless desert shrub having reduced scalelike leaves and reddish fleshy seeds
Equipment - an instrumentality needed for an undertaking or to perform a service
Equivalence - essential equality and interchangeability; qualities that are comparable; a state of being essentially equal or equivalent; equally balanced
Ergosterol - a plant sterol that is converted into vitamin D by ultraviolet radiation
Espresso - strong black coffee brewed by forcing hot water under pressure through finely ground coffee beans
Ethiopian - of or relating to or characteristic of Ethiopia or its people or languages; a native or inhabitant of Ethiopia
Ethyl acetate - a fragrant colorless flammable volatile liquid ester made from ethanol and acetic acid; used in flavorings and perfumes and as a solvent for plastics
Eucalyptus oil - an essential oil obtained from the leaves of eucalypts
Eucharist - a Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine
Eureka - a town in northwest California on an arm of the Pacific Ocean; an alloy of copper and nickel with high electrical resistance and a low temperature coefficient; used as resistance wire
Europe - the nations of the European continent collectively; the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use `Europe' to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles; an international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members
European - of or relating to or characteristic of Europe or the people of Europe; a native or inhabitant of Europe
Everlasting - without qualification; used informally as (often pejorative) intensifiers; continuing forever or indefinitely; any of various plants of various genera of the family Compositae having flowers that can be dried without loss of form or color
Exact - marked by strict and particular and complete accordance with fact; (of ideas, images, representations, expressions) characterized by perfect conformity to fact or truth ; strictly correct; verb take as an undesirable consequence of some event or state of affairs; claim as due or just
Excelsior - thin curly wood shavings used for packing or stuffing
Exercise - the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit; a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding; systematic training by multiple repetitions; (usually plural) a ceremony that involves processions and speeches; the act of using; verb do physical exercise; give a workout to; learn by repetition; put to use; carry out or practice; as of jobs and professions
Exploration - to travel for the purpose of discovery; a careful systematic search; a systematic consideration
Export - commodities (goods or services) sold to a foreign country; verb cause to spread in another part of the world; sell or transfer abroad
Extant - still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost
Extrusion - squeezing out by applying pressure; something that bulges out or is protuberant or projects from its surroundings
Eyes - opinion or judgment
Facial nerve - cranial nerve that supplies facial muscles
Fad diet - a reducing diet that enjoys temporary popularity
Fair trade - trade that is conducted legally
Falafel - small croquette of mashed chick peas or fava beans seasoned with sesame seeds
Famine - a severe shortage of food (as through crop failure) resulting in violent hunger and starvation and death; an acute insufficiency
Fanfare - (music) a short lively tune played on brass instruments; a gaudy outward display
Farina - fine meal made from cereal grain especially wheat; often used as a cooked cereal or in puddings
Farm Boy - a boy who has grown up on a farm
Fast Day - a day designated for fasting
Fast food - inexpensive food (hamburgers or chicken or milkshakes) prepared and served quickly
Fasting - abstaining from food
Fatty acid - any of a class of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that form part of a lipid molecule and can be derived from fat by hydrolysis; fatty acids are simple molecules built around a series of carbon atoms linked together in a chain of 12 to 22 carbon atoms
Featherweight - a professional boxer who weighs between 123 and 126 pounds; weighs 126-139 pounds; an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 126 pounds
Feedlot - a building where livestock are fattened for market
Feist - a nervous belligerent little mongrel dog
Fermenting - a process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol
Fiction - a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact; a deliberately false or improbable account
Fiddle-Faddle - trivial nonsense
Field pea - coarse small-seeded pea often used as food when young and tender; variety of pea plant native to the Mediterranean region and North Africa and widely grown especially for forage; seed of the field pea plant
Field trial - a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving; a test of the performance of some new product under the conditions in which it will be used; a contest between gun dogs to determine their proficiency in pointing and retrieving
Fields - United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)
Fiesta - an elaborate party (often outdoors)
Filet mignon - small steak cut from the thick end of a beef tenderloin
Fillet - fastener consisting of a narrow strip of welded metal used to join steel members; a longitudinal slice or boned side of a fish; a boneless steak cut from the tenderloin of beef; a narrow headband or strip of ribbon worn as a headband; a bundle of sensory nerve fibers going to the thalamus; verb cut into filets; decorate with a lace of geometric designs
Finger bowl - small bowl for rinsing the fingers at table
Finger food - food to be eaten with the fingers
Fish and chips - fried fish and french-fried potatoes
Fish ball - a fried ball or patty of flaked fish and mashed potatoes; well-seasoned balls of ground fish and eggs and crushed crumbs simmered in fish stock
Fish finger - a long fillet of fish breaded and fried
Fish fry - a cookout where fried fish is the main course
Fish ladder - a series of ascending pools providing a passage for salmon to swim upstream past a dam
Fish meal - ground dried fish used as fertilizer and as feed for domestic livestock
Fish oil - a fatty oil obtained from the livers of various fish
Fish - any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills; the flesh of fish used as food; the twelfth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about February 19 to March 20; (astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Pisces; verb catch or try to catch fish or shellfish; seek indirectly
Fisherman - someone whose occupation is catching fish
Fishery - a workplace where fish are caught and processed and sold
Fishing - the act of someone who fishes as a diversion; the occupation of catching fish for a living
Fishmonger - someone who sells fish
Fishwife - someone who sells fish
Flamenco - a style of dancing characteristic of the Andalusian Gypsies; vigorous and rhythmic with clapping and stamping of feet; guitar music composed for dancing the flamenco
Flank - the side between ribs and hipbone; a cut from the fleshy part of an animal's side between the ribs and the leg; the side of military or naval formation; a subfigure consisting of a side of something; verb be located at the sides of something or somebody
Flavor - (physics) the six kinds of quarks; the taste experience when a savoury condiment is taken into the mouth; the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people; verb lend flavor to
Fleer - contempt expressed by mockery in looks or words; someone who flees from an uncongenial situation; verb to smirk contemptuously
Flesh Fly - fly whose larvae feed on carrion or the flesh of living animals
Flour - fine powdery foodstuff obtained by grinding and sifting the meal of a cereal grain; verb convert grain into flour; cover with flour
Fluorine - a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite
Fly casting - casting an artificial fly as a lure
Fly-fishing - angling with an artificial fly as a lure
Flyweight - an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 112 pounds; weighs no more than 115 pounds
Foam - a mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid; a lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture; verb form bubbles
Foie gras - a pate made from goose liver (marinated in Cognac) and truffles
Folic acid - a B vitamin that is essential for cell growth and reproduction
Fond - (followed by `of' or `to') having a strong preference or liking for; absurd or silly because unlikely; extravagantly or foolishly loving and indulgent; having or displaying warmth or affection
Fondue - hot cheese or chocolate melted to the consistency of a sauce into which bread or fruits are dipped; cubes of meat or seafood cooked in hot oil and then dipped in any of various sauces
Food additive - an additive to food intended to improve its flavor or appearance or shelf-life
Food allergy - allergic reaction to a substance ingested in food
Food bank - a place where food is contributed and made available to those in need
Food coloring - a digestible substance used to give color to food
Food processor - a kitchen appliance with interchangeable blades; used for shredding or blending or chopping or slicing food
Food pyramid - (ecology) a hierarchy of food chains with the principal predator at the top; each level preys on the level below
Food waste - food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)
Food - any substance that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue; anything that provides mental stimulus for thinking; any solid substance (as opposed to liquid) that is used as a source of nourishment
Foodie - a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)
Foraging - the act of searching for food and provisions
Forcemeat - mixture of ground raw chicken and mushrooms with pistachios and truffles and onions and parsley and lots of butter and bound with eggs
Foreleg - the front limb of a quadruped
Forestry - the science of planting and caring for forests and the management of growing timber
Former - referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several); (used especially of persons) of the immediate past; belonging to the distant past; belonging to some prior time; the first of two or the first mentioned of two
Fortune cookie - thin folded wafer containing a maxim on a slip of paper
Fox hunting - mounted hunters follow hounds in pursuit of a fox
Foxhound - medium-sized glossy-coated hounds developed for hunting foxes
France - a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe; French writer of sophisticated novels and short stories (1844-1924)
Frangipane - pastry with a creamy almond-flavored filling
Frank Cooper - United States film actor noted for his portrayals of strong silent heroes (1901-1961)
Free lunch - something acquired without effort or payment or obligation
Freeze-drying - a method of drying food or blood plasma or pharmaceuticals or tissue without destroying their physical structure; material is frozen and then warmed in a vacuum so that the ice sublimes
French fries - strips of potato fried in deep fat
French toast - bread slice dipped in egg and milk and fried; topped with sugar or fruit or syrup
Freshman - used of a person in the first year of an experience (especially in United States high school or college); a first-year undergraduate; any new participant in some activity
Fricassee - pieces of chicken or other meat stewed in gravy with e.g. carrots and onions and served with noodles or dumplings; verb make a fricassee of by cooking
Frisk - the act of searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs; verb search as for concealed weapons by running the hands rapidly over the clothing and through the pockets; play boisterously
Fritter - small quantity of fried batter containing fruit or meat or vegetables; verb spend frivolously and unwisely
Frozen food - food preserved by freezing
Fructose - a simple sugar found in honey and in many ripe fruits
Fruit salad - salad composed of fruits
Fruitcake - a rich cake containing dried fruit and nuts and citrus peel and so on; a whimsically eccentric person
Fruity - tasting or smelling richly of or as of fruit; informal or slang terms for mentally irregular
Frumenty - sweet spiced porridge made from hulled wheat
Frying - cooking in fat or oil in a pan or griddle
Fudge - soft creamy candy; verb fake or falsify; avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or performing (duties, questions, or issues)
Fugu - a blowfish highly prized as a delicacy in Japan but highly dangerous because the skin and organs are poisonous
Fuji - an extinct volcano in south central Honshu that is the highest peak in Japan; last erupted in 1707; famous for its symmetrical snow-capped peak; a sacred mountain and site for pilgrimages; shrubby Japanese cherry tree having pale pink blossoms
Fumaric acid - a colorless crystalline acid with a fruity taste; used in making polyester resins
Furan - a colorless toxic flammable liquid used in the synthesis of nylon
Furfural - a liquid aldehyde with a penetrating odor; made from plant hulls and corn cobs; used in making furan and as a solvent
Future - coming at a subsequent time or stage; (of elected officers) elected but not yet serving; yet to be or coming; effective in or looking toward the future; a verb tense or other formation referring to events or states that have not yet happened; bulk commodities bought or sold at an agreed price for delivery at a specified future date; a verb tense that expresses actions or states in the future; the time yet to come
Gala - a gay festivity
Galactose - a simple sugar found in lactose
Galantine - boned poultry stuffed then cooked and covered with aspic; served cold
Galley - the area for food preparation on a ship; the kitchen area for food preparation on an airliner; (classical antiquity) a crescent-shaped seagoing vessel propelled by oars; a large medieval vessel with a single deck propelled by sails and oars with guns at stern and prow; a complement of 1,000 men; used mainly in the Mediterranean for war and trading
Game law - a regulation intended to manage or preserve game animals
Garden hose - a hose used for watering a lawn or garden
Garden - a plot of ground where plants are cultivated; a yard or lawn adjoining a house; the flowers or vegetables or fruits or herbs that are cultivated in a garden; verb work in the garden
Garlic butter - butter seasoned with mashed garlic
Garlic - aromatic bulb used as seasoning; bulbous herb of southern Europe widely naturalized; bulb breaks up into separate strong-flavored cloves
Gastronomy - the art and practice of choosing and preparing and eating good food; a particular style of cookery (as of a region)
Gastrostomy - surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach (as for gastrogavage)
Gateway - an entrance that can be closed by a gate
Gazpacho - a soup made with chopped tomatoes and onions and cucumbers and peppers and herbs; served cold
Gefilte fish - well-seasoned balls of ground fish and eggs and crushed crumbs simmered in fish stock
Gelatin - a thin translucent membrane used over stage lights for color effects; an edible jelly (sweet or pungent) made with gelatin and used as a dessert or salad base or a coating for foods; a colorless water-soluble glutinous protein obtained from animal tissues such as bone and skin
Geography - study of the earth's surface; includes people's responses to topography and climate and soil and vegetation
Geology - a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks
Geophagia - eating earth or clay or chalk; occurs in some primitive tribes or sometimes in cases of nutritional deficiency
Ghrelin - a hormone produced by stomach cells
Ginger beer - carbonated slightly alcoholic drink flavored with fermented ginger
Ginkgo biloba - deciduous dioecious Chinese tree having fan-shaped leaves and fleshy yellow seeds; exists almost exclusively in cultivation especially as an ornamental street tree
Ginseng - Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers; aromatic root of ginseng plants
Glassware - an article of tableware made of glass
Glasswort - fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass; bushy plant of Old World salt marshes and sea beaches having prickly leaves; burned to produce a crude soda ash
Glaze - coating for fabrics, ceramics, metal, etc.; a glossy finish on a fabric; any of various thin shiny (savory or sweet) coatings applied to foods; verb become glassy or take on a glass-like appearance; coat with a glaze; coat with something sweet, such as a hard sugar glaze; furnish with glass
Global - involving the entire earth; not limited or provincial in scope; having the shape of a sphere or ball
Glossa - a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity
Gloucester - a city in southwestern England in Gloucestershire on the Severn; a town in northeastern Massachusetts on Cape Ann northeast of Boston; the harbor has been a fishing center for centuries
Glucose - a monosaccharide sugar that has several forms; an important source of physiological energy
Glutamine - a crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins; important in protein metabolism
Gluten - a protein substance that remains when starch is removed from cereal grains; gives cohesiveness to dough
Gluttony - eating to excess (personified as one of the deadly sins); habitual eating to excess
Glycerol - a sweet syrupy trihydroxy alcohol obtained by saponification of fats and oils
Glycogen - one form in which body fuel is stored; stored primarily in the liver and broken down into glucose when needed by the body
Gnocchi - (Italian) a small dumpling made of potato or flour or semolina that is boiled or baked and is usually served with a sauce or with grated cheese
Goddard - United States physicist who developed the first successful liquid-fueled rocket (1882-1945)
Gold leaf - a very thin form of gold foil
Gondi - a Dravidian language spoken by the Gond in south central India
Gong - a percussion instrument consisting of a metal plate that is struck with a softheaded drumstick; a percussion instrument consisting of a set of tuned bells that are struck with a hammer; used as an orchestral instrument; verb sound a gong
Goober - pod of the peanut vine containing usually 2 nuts or seeds; `groundnut' and `monkey nut' are British terms
Gore - a triangular piece of cloth; coagulated blood from a wound; Vice President of the United States under Bill Clinton (born in 1948); the shedding of blood resulting in murder; verb wound by piercing with a sharp or penetrating object or instrument; cut into gores
Gorgonzola - Italian blue cheese
Gourmand - a person who is devoted to eating and drinking to excess
Gourmet - a person devoted to refined sensuous enjoyment (especially good food and drink)
Grace Cup - cup to be passed around for the final toast after a meal
Graham bread - bread made of graham (whole wheat) flour
Granny Smith - apple with a green skin and hard tart flesh
Granola - cereal made of especially rolled oats with dried fruits and nuts and honey or brown sugar
Grape juice - the juice of grapes
Grass - German writer of novels and poetry and plays (born 1927); narrow-leaved green herbage: grown as lawns; used as pasture for grazing animals; cut and dried as hay; street names for marijuana; animal food for browsing or grazing; verb shoot down, of birds; feed with grass; cover with grass; spread out clothes on the grass to let it dry and bleach; cover with grass; give away information about somebody
Gratuity - an award (as for meritorious service) given without claim or obligation; a relatively small amount of money given for services rendered (as by a waiter)
Gravity - a solemn and dignified feeling; (physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface; a manner that is serious and solemn
Gravy Train - income obtained with a minimum of effort
Greco - Spanish painter (born in Greece) remembered for his religious works characterized by elongated human forms and dramatic use of color (1541-1614)
Greek - of or relating to or characteristic of Greece or the Greeks; the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages; a native or inhabitant of Greece
Green onion - young onion before the bulb has enlarged
Greenberg - United States linguist who studied the historical relations among 5,000 languages (1916-2001)
Greengrocer - a grocer who sells fresh fruits and vegetables
Greenpeace - an international organization that works for environmental conservation and the preservation of endangered species
Grenadier - deep-sea fish with a large head and body and long tapering tail; an infantryman equipped with grenades
Greyhound - a tall slender dog of an ancient breed noted for swiftness and keen sight; used as a racing dog
Griddle - cooking utensil consisting of a flat heated surface (as on top of a stove) on which food is cooked; verb cook on a griddle
Grilling - cooking by direct exposure to radiant heat (as over a fire or under a grill)
Grit - a hard coarse-grained siliceous sandstone; fortitude and determination; verb clench together; cover with a grit
Grits - coarsely ground hulled corn boiled as a breakfast dish in the southern United States
Groat - a former English silver coin worth four pennies
Grocery store - a marketplace where groceries are sold
Gruel - a thin porridge (usually oatmeal or cornmeal)
Guacamole - a dip made of mashed avocado mixed with chopped onions and other seasonings
Guinness - a kind of bitter stout; English stage and screen actor noted for versatility (1914-2000)
Gull - mostly white aquatic bird having long pointed wings and short legs; a person who is gullible and easy to take advantage of; verb fool or hoax; make a fool or dupe of
Gum arabic - gum from an acacia tree; used as a thickener (especially in candies and pharmaceuticals)
Gun dog - a dog trained to work with sportsmen when they hunt with guns
Gunner - a serviceman in the artillery
Gymnastics - a sport that involves exercises intended to display strength and balance and agility
Gyro - a Greek sandwich: sliced roast lamb with onion and tomato stuffed into pita bread; rotating mechanism in the form of a universally mounted spinning wheel that offers resistance to turns in any direction
Halab - a city in northwestern Syria
Halal - conforming to dietary laws; proper or legitimate; (Islam) meat from animals that have been slaughtered in the prescribed way according to the shariah
Half-Moon - the crescent-shaped area at the base of the human fingernail; the time at which the moon is at first or last quarter when half its face is illuminated
Half-and-half - in equal parts; in equal parts; half milk and half light cream; contains 10% to 18% butterfat
Halifax - provincial capital and largest city of Nova Scotia
Hallmark - a distinctive characteristic or attribute; a mark on an article of trade to indicate its origin and authenticity
Hamburger - a sandwich consisting of a fried cake of minced beef served on a bun, often with other ingredients; beef that has been ground
Hangar - a large structure at an airport where aircraft can be stored and maintained
Hangover - something that has survived from the past; disagreeable aftereffects from the use of drugs (especially alcohol); an official who remains in office after his term
Happy hour - the time of day when a bar sells alcoholic drinks at a reduced price
Harris - publisher of the first newspaper printed in America (1673-1713); British marshal of the Royal Air Force; during World War II he directed mass bombing raids against German cities that resulted in heavy civilian casualties (1892-1984); Irish writer noted for his sexually explicit but unreliable autobiography (1856-1931); United States diplomat who was instrumental in opening Japan to foreign trade (1804-1878)
Hasty pudding - cornmeal mush served with sweetening (maple syrup or brown sugar); sweetened porridge made of tapioca or flour or oatmeal cooked quickly in milk or water
Haute cuisine - (French) an elaborate and skillful manner of preparing food
Hawaii - a state in the United States in the central Pacific on the Hawaiian Islands; the largest and southernmost of the Hawaii islands; has several volcanic peaks
Hawker - a person who breeds and trains hawks and who follows the sport of falconry; someone who travels about selling his wares (as on the streets or at carnivals)
Hazelnut - nut of any of several trees of the genus Corylus; any of several shrubs or small trees of the genus Corylus bearing edible nuts enclosed in a leafy husk
Health Check - a thorough physical examination; includes a variety of tests depending on the age and sex and health of the person
Health food - any natural or prepared food popularly believed to promote good health
Health - the general condition of body and mind; a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease
Healthy - having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease; exercising or showing good judgment; financially secure and functioning well; promoting health; healthful; physically and mentally sound or healthy
Heating oil - a petroleum product used for fuel
Heavyweight - a professional boxer who weighs more than 190 pounds; a wrestler who weighs more than 214 pounds; an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 201 pounds; a person of exceptional importance and reputation; a very large person; impressive in size or qualities
Hedge trimmer - a garden tool for trimming hedges
Heinz - United States industrialist who manufactured and sold processed foods (1844-1919)
Helminthiasis - infestation of the body with parasitic worms
Herb - aromatic potherb used in cookery for its savory qualities; a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests
Herbal tea - tea-like drink made of leaves of various herbs
Herbivore - any animal that feeds chiefly on grass and other plants
Herring - commercially important food fish of northern waters of both Atlantic and Pacific; valuable flesh of fatty fish from shallow waters of northern Atlantic or Pacific; usually salted or pickled
Hershey bar - a bar of milk chocolate made by the Hershey company
Hershey - an industrial town east of Harrisburg; United States confectioner and philanthropist who created the model industrial town of Hershey, Pennsylvania; founded an industrial school for orphan boys (1857-1945)
Hesperian - denoting or characteristic of countries of Europe and the western hemisphere
Hibachi - a portable brazier that burns charcoal and has a grill for cooking; verb cook over a hibachi grill
High table - a dining table in a dining-hall raised on a platform; seats are reserved for distinguished persons
Highball glass - a tall glass for serving highballs
Hiking - a long walk usually for exercise or pleasure
Hill - a local and well-defined elevation of the land; risque English comedian (1925-1992); United States railroad tycoon (1838-1916); structure consisting of an artificial heap or bank usually of earth or stones; (baseball) the slight elevation on which the pitcher stands; verb form into a hill
Historical - having once lived or existed or taken place in the real world as distinct from being legendary; of or relating to the study of history; belonging to the past; of what is important or famous in the past; used of the study of a phenomenon (especially language) as it changes through time
History - the discipline that records and interprets past events involving human beings; all that is remembered of the past as preserved in writing; a body of knowledge; a record or narrative description of past events; the aggregate of past events; the continuum of events occurring in succession leading from the past to the present and even into the future
Hoarding - large outdoor signboard
Hogshead - a large cask especially one holding 63 gals; a British unit of capacity for alcoholic beverages
Holiday - a day on which work is suspended by law or custom; leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure; verb spend or take a vacation
Holism - the theory that the parts of any whole cannot exist and cannot be understood except in their relation to the whole
Holloware - silverware serving dishes
Holy trinity - the union of the Father and Son and Holy Ghost in one Godhead
Home fries - sliced pieces of potato fried in a pan until brown and crisp
Homeopathy - a method of treating disease with small amounts of remedies that, in large amounts in healthy people, produce symptoms similar to those being treated
Homogenization - the act of making something homogeneous or uniform in composition
Honduras - a republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; an early center of Mayan culture
Honey cake - a spicy cake partially sweetened with honey
Honey - of something having the color of honey; a sweet yellow liquid produced by bees; a beloved person; used as terms of endearment; verb sweeten with honey
Honeydew - the fruit of a variety of winter melon vine; a large smooth greenish-white melon with pale green flesh
Hors d'oeuvre - a dish served as an appetizer before the main meal
Horseradish - grated horseradish root; coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root; the root of the horseradish plant; it is grated or ground and used for seasoning
Hot chocolate - a beverage made from cocoa powder and milk and sugar; usually drunk hot
Hot cross bun - moderately sweet raised roll containing spices and raisins and citron and decorated with a cross-shaped sugar glaze
Hot sauce - a pungent peppery sauce
Hot toddy - a mixed drink made of liquor and water with sugar and spices and served hot
Hot-dog - verb perform intricate maneuvers while skiing
Hound - any of several breeds of dog used for hunting typically having large drooping ears; someone who is morally reprehensible; verb pursue or chase relentlessly
Howard - Queen of England as the fifth wife of Henry VIII who was accused of adultery and executed (1520-1542); English actor of stage and screen (1893-1943)
Human - having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings; characteristic of humanity; relating to a person; any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage
Humectant - any substance that is added to another substance to keep it moist
Humin - a black humic substance that is not soluble in water
Hummus - a thick spread made from mashed chickpeas, tahini, lemon juice and garlic; used especially as a dip for pita; originated in the Middle East
Humpty Dumpty - an egg-shaped character in a nursery rhyme who fell off a wall and could not be put back together again (late 17th century)
Hunger strike - a voluntary fast undertaken as a means of protest
Hunger - strong desire for something (not food or drink); a physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation; verb feel the need to eat; be hungry; go without food; have a craving, appetite, or great desire for
Hunting dog - a dog used in hunting game
Hunting knife - a large sharp knife with a handle shaped to fit the grip
Hunting season - the season during which it is legal to kill a particular species
Hunting - the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport; the work of finding and killing or capturing animals for food or pelts; the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone
Hurl - a violent throw; verb utter with force; utter vehemently; throw forcefully; make a thrusting forward movement
Hurrah - a victory cheer; verb shout `hurrah!'
Hushpuppy - deep-fried cornbread ball (southern)
Hyderabad - a city in south central India in Andhra Pradesh; a city in southern Pakistan on the Indus River
Hydrolysate - a product of hydrolysis
Hydrometer - a measuring instrument for determining the specific gravity of a liquid or solid
Hydrotherapy - the internal and external use of water in the treatment of disease
Ice cream - frozen dessert containing cream and sugar and flavoring
Ice pack - a waterproof bag filled with ice: applied to the body (especially the head) to cool or reduce swelling; a large expanse of floating ice
Icebox - white goods in which food can be stored at low temperatures
Iced coffee - strong sweetened coffee served over ice with cream
Icehouse - a house for storing ice
Iceland - a volcanic island in the North Atlantic near the Arctic Circle; an island republic on the island of Iceland; became independent of Denmark in 1944
Icing - (ice hockey) the act of shooting the puck from within your own defensive area the length of the rink beyond the opponent's goal; a flavored sugar topping used to coat and decorate cakes; the formation of frost or ice on a surface
Ile-de-France - a region of north central France including Paris and the area around it
Impurity - the condition of being impure; worthless or dangerous material that should be removed
Inca - a member of the small group of Quechuan people living in the Cuzco valley in Peru who established hegemony over their neighbors to create the great Inca empire that lasted from about 1100 until the Spanish conquest in the early 1530s; a ruler of the Incas (or a member of his family)
India - a republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947
Indian - of or pertaining to American Indians or their culture or languages; of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures; a member of the race of people living in America when Europeans arrived; a native or inhabitant of India; any of the languages spoken by Amerindians
Infant feeding - feeding an infant
Infant - a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk
Infusion - the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality; (medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force); the process of extracting certain active properties (as a drug from a plant) by steeping or soaking (usually in water); a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water)
Ingredient - a component of a mixture or compound; food that is a component of a mixture in cooking; an abstract part of something
Insecta - insects; about five-sixths of all known animal species
Insectivore - any organism that feeds mainly on insects; small insect-eating mainly nocturnal terrestrial or fossorial mammals
International - concerning or belonging to all or at least two or more nations; from or between other countries; any of several international socialist organizations
Inulin - used to manufacture fructose and in assessing kidney function
Invertase - an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into glucose and fructose
Iodine - a nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; used especially in medicine and photography and in dyes; occurs naturally only in combination in small quantities (as in sea water or rocks); a tincture consisting of a solution of iodine in ethyl alcohol; applied topically to wounds as an antiseptic
Iraqi - of or relating to Iraq or its people or culture; a native or inhabitant of Iraq
Ireland - an island comprising the republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland; a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921
Irving - United States writer of darkly humorous novels (born in 1942); United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)
Isaac - (Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau
Isabella - the queen of Castile whose marriage to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1469 marked the beginning of the modern state of Spain; they instituted the Spanish Inquisition in 1478 and sponsored the voyages of Christopher Columbus in 1492 (1451-1504)
Isinglass - any of various minerals consisting of hydrous silicates of aluminum or potassium etc. that crystallize in forms that allow perfect cleavage into very thin leaves; used as dielectrics because of their resistance to electricity
Isothiocyanate - a family of compounds derived from horseradish and radishes and onions and mustards; source of the hotness of those plants and preparations
Israel - an ancient kingdom of the Hebrew tribes at the southeastern end of the Mediterranean Sea; founded by Saul around 1025 BC and destroyed by the Assyrians in 721 BC; Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine
Israeli - of or relating to or characteristic of Israel or its people; a native or inhabitant of Israel
Italia - a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD
Jackfruit - immense East Indian fruit resembling breadfruit; it contains an edible pulp and nutritious seeds that are commonly roasted; East Indian tree cultivated for its immense edible fruit and seeds
Jacobs - Dutch physician who opened the first birth control clinic in the world in Amsterdam (1854-1929); United States writer and critic of urban planning (born in 1916); English writer of macabre short stories (1863-1943)
Jaggery - unrefined brown sugar made from palm sap
Jan Swammerdam - Dutch naturalist and microscopist who proposed a classification of insects and who was among the first to recognize cells in animals and was the first to see red blood cells (1637-1680)
Japanese - of or relating to or characteristic of Japan or its people or their culture or language; the language (usually considered to be Altaic) spoken by the Japanese; a native or inhabitant of Japan
Jazz - a style of dance music popular in the 1920s; similar to New Orleans jazz but played by large bands; a genre of popular music that originated in New Orleans around 1900 and developed through increasingly complex styles; empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk; verb play something in the style of jazz; have sexual intercourse with
Jejunostomy - surgical creation of an opening between the jejunum and the anterior abdominal wall; will allow artificial feeding
Jell-O - fruit-flavored dessert (trade mark Jell-O) made from a commercially prepared gelatin powder
Jelly bean - sugar-glazed jellied candy
Jelly doughnut - a raised doughnut filled with jelly or jam
Jerky - having or revealing stupidity; marked by abrupt transitions; not having a steady rhythm; meat (especially beef) cut in strips and dried in the sun
Jiffy - a very short time (as the time it takes the eye blink or the heart to beat)
Jogging - running at a jog trot as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise
Johnnycake - cornbread usually cooked pancake-style on a griddle (chiefly New England)
Jolly - full of or showing high-spirited merriment; used as an intensifier (`jolly' is used informally in Britain); a happy party; a yawl used by a ship's sailors for general work; verb be silly or tease one another
Jolt - a sudden impact; an abrupt spasmodic movement; verb disturb (someone's) composure; move or cause to move with a sudden jerky motion
Jonah - a book in the Old Testament that tells the story of Jonah and the whale; a person believed to bring bad luck to those around him; (Old Testament) Jonah did not wish to become a prophet so God caused a great storm to throw him overboard from a ship; he was saved by being swallowed by a whale that vomited him out onto dry land
Jonathan - red late-ripening apple; primarily eaten raw
Jowett - English classical scholar noted for his translations of Plato and Aristotle (1817-1893)
Jubilee - a special anniversary (or the celebration of it)
Jujube - chewy fruit-flavored jellied candy (sometimes medicated to soothe a sore throat); dark red plumlike fruit of Old World buckthorn trees; spiny tree having dark red edible fruits
Junk food - food that tastes good but is high in calories having little nutritional value
Junket - a trip taken by an official at public expense; dessert made of sweetened milk coagulated with rennet; a journey taken for pleasure; verb partake in a feast or banquet; provide a feast or banquet for; go on a pleasure trip
Jupiter - the largest planet and the 5th from the sun; has many satellites and is one of the brightest objects in the night sky; (Roman mythology) supreme god of Romans; counterpart of Greek Zeus
Just Right - in every detail
Kama - god of love and erotic desire; opposite of Mara
Kasha - boiled or baked buckwheat
Kava - an alcoholic drink made from the aromatic roots of the kava shrub
Kebab - cubes of meat marinated and cooked on a skewer usually with vegetables
Kent - a county in southeastern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom, it was the first to be colonized by the Romans; United States painter noted for his woodcuts (1882-1971)
Kentucky - a state in east central United States; a border state during the American Civil War; famous for breeding race horses
Ketchup - thick spicy sauce made from tomatoes
Keystone - the central building block at the top of an arch or vault; a central cohesive source of support and stability
Khan - a title given to rulers or other important people in Asian countries; an inn in some eastern countries with a large courtyard that provides accommodation for caravans
Khmer Rouge - a communist organization formed in Cambodia in 1970; became a terrorist organization in 1975 when it captured Phnom Penh and created a government that killed an estimated three million people; was defeated by Vietnamese troops but remained active until 1999
Kingdom - a basic group of natural objects; the highest taxonomic group into which organisms are grouped; one of five biological categories: Monera or Protoctista or Plantae or Fungi or Animalia; a monarchy with a king or queen as head of state; the domain ruled by a king or queen; a country with a king as head of state; a domain in which something is dominant
Kipper - salted and smoked herring
Kitchen Sink - a sink in a kitchen
Kitchen - a room equipped for preparing meals
Kitty - informal terms referring to a domestic cat; young domestic cat; the cumulative amount involved in a game (such as poker); the combined stakes of the betters
Knight - a chessman shaped to resemble the head of a horse; can move two squares horizontally and one vertically (or vice versa); originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit; verb raise (someone) to knighthood
Knish - (Yiddish) baked or fried turnover filled with potato or meat or cheese; often eaten as a snack
Kol Nidre - the opening prayer on the eve of Yom Kippur
Kosher - conforming to dietary laws; proper or legitimate; food that fulfills the requirements of Jewish dietary law
Kumquat - small oval citrus fruit with thin sweet rind and very acid pulp; any of several trees or shrubs of the genus Fortunella bearing small orange-colored edible fruits with thick sweet-flavored skin and sour pulp
Kurdish - of or relating to Kurdistan or the Kurds or their language and culture; an Iranian language spoken in Turkey and Iran and Iraq and Syria and Russia
Kuru - 100 kurus equal 1 lira in Turkey; a progressive disease of the central nervous system marked by increasing lack of coordination and advancing to paralysis and death within a year of the appearance of symptoms; thought to have been transmitted by cannibalistic consumption of diseased brain tissue since the disease virtually disappeared when cannibalism was abandoned
Lacing - a small amount of liquor added to a food or beverage; the act of inflicting corporal punishment with repeated blows; a cord that is drawn through eyelets or around hooks in order to draw together two edges (as of a shoe or garment)
Lactase - any of a group of enzymes (trade name Lactaid) that hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose
Lactobacillus - Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria that produce lactic acid especially in milk
Lambda - the craniometric point at the junction of the sagittal and lamboid sutures of the skull; the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet
Lancashire - a historical area of northwestern England on the Irish Sea; noted for textiles
Lance - a surgical knife with a pointed double-edged blade; used for punctures and small incisions; a long pointed rod used as a weapon; an implement with a shaft and barbed point used for catching fish; verb open by piercing with a lancet; pierce with a lance, as in a knights' fight; move quickly, as if by cutting one's way
Landing - the act of coming to land after a voyage; the act of coming down to the earth (or other surface); structure providing a place where boats can land people or goods; an intermediate platform in a staircase
Lard - soft white semisolid fat obtained by rendering the fatty tissue of the hog; verb prepare or cook with lard; add details to
Larder - a supply of food especially for a household; a small storeroom for storing foods or wines
Las Vegas - largest city in Nevada; located in southeastern Nevada; originally settled by Mormons but is now famous for entertainment and gambling and general excess
Lasagna - very wide flat strips of pasta; baked dish of layers of lasagna pasta with sauce and cheese and meat or vegetables
Last Supper - the traditional Passover supper of Jesus with his disciples on the eve of his crucifixion
Latke - made of grated potato and egg with a little flour
Lauric acid - a crystalline fatty acid occurring as glycerides in natural fats and oils (especially coconut oil and palm-kernel oil)
Lava - rock that in its molten form (as magma) issues from volcanos; lava is what magma is called when it reaches the surface
Lawn mower - garden tool for mowing grass on lawns
Laws - the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit
Lazy Susan - a revolving tray placed on a dining table
Lean - not profitable or prosperous; lacking in mineral content or combustible material; containing little excess; lacking excess flesh; the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the vertical; verb rely on for support; cause to lean or incline; to incline or bend from a vertical position; cause to lean to the side; have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined
Leeds - a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry
Leek - related to onions; white cylindrical bulb and flat dark-green leaves; plant having a large slender white bulb and flat overlapping dark green leaves; used in cooking; believed derived from the wild Allium ampeloprasum
Lees - the sediment from fermentation of an alcoholic beverage
Leftovers - food remaining from a previous meal
Legume - the seedpod of a leguminous plant (such as peas or beans or lentils); an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae; the fruit or seed of any of various bean or pea plants consisting of a case that splits along both sides when ripe and having the seeds attach to one side of the case
Lemon - an artifact (especially an automobile) that is defective or unsatisfactory; a distinctive tart flavor characteristic of lemons; yellow oval fruit with juicy acidic flesh; a small evergreen tree that originated in Asia but is widely cultivated for its fruit; a strong yellow color
Lemongrass - an aromatic oil that smells like lemon and is widely used in Asian cooking and in perfumes and medicines
Leninism - the political and economic theories of Lenin which provided the guiding doctrine of the Soviet Union; the modification of Marxism by Lenin stressed that imperialism is the highest form of capitalism (which shifts the struggle from developed to underdeveloped countries)
Lentil soup - made of stock and lentils with onions carrots and celery
Lentil - round flat seed of the lentil plant used for food; widely cultivated Eurasian annual herb grown for its edible flattened seeds that are cooked like peas and also ground into meal and for its leafy stalks that are used as fodder; the fruit or seed of a lentil plant
Levantine - of or relating to the Levant or its inhabitants; (formerly) a native or inhabitant of the Levant
Lewisia - genus of western North American low-growing herbs having linear woolly leaves and large pink flowers
Liberty - freedom of choice; personal freedom from servitude or confinement or oppression; an act of undue intimacy; immunity from arbitrary exercise of authority: political independence; leave granted to a sailor or naval officer
Licorice root - root of licorice used in flavoring e.g. candy and liqueurs and medicines
Lifestyle - a manner of living that reflects the person's values and attitudes
Lightweight - having no importance or influence; a professional boxer who weighs between 131 and 135 pounds; a wrestler who weighs 139-154 pounds; an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 132 pounds; someone who is unimportant but cheeky and presumptuous
Like - resembling or similar; having the same or some of the same characteristics; often used in combination; equal in amount or value; having the same or similar characteristics; conforming in every respect; a kind of person; a similar kind; verb feel about or towards; consider, evaluate, or regard; be fond of; find enjoyable or agreeable; want to have; prefer or wish to do something
Lima - capital and largest city and economic center of Peru; located in western Peru; was capital of the Spanish empire in the New World until the 19th century
Limeade - sweetened beverage of lime juice and water
Limonene - a liquid terpene with a lemon odor; found in lemons and oranges and other essential oils
Linalool - a colorless fragrant liquid found in many essential oils
Linseed oil - a drying oil extracted from flax seed and used in making such things as oil paints
Liquefaction - the conversion of a solid or a gas into a liquid
Liqueur - strong highly flavored sweet liquor usually drunk after a meal
Liquid diet - a diet of foods that can be served in liquid or strained form (plus custards or puddings); prescribed after certain kinds of surgery
Liquid oxygen - a bluish translucent magnetic liquid obtained by compressing gaseous oxygen and then cooling it below its boiling point; used as an oxidizer in rocket propellants
Liquor license - a license authorizing the holder to sell alcoholic beverages
Liquor store - a store that sells alcoholic beverages for consumption elsewhere
Liquor - the liquid in which vegetables or meat have be cooked; an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented; a liquid substance that is a solution (or emulsion or suspension) used or obtained in an industrial process
Liquorice - a black candy flavored with the dried root of the licorice plant; deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots
Listeriosis - an infectious disease of animals and humans (especially newborn or immunosuppressed persons) caused by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes; in sheep and cattle the infection frequently involves the central nervous system and causes various neurological symptoms
Literature - the profession or art of a writer; the humanistic study of a body of literature; creative writing of recognized artistic value; published writings in a particular style on a particular subject
Lithia water - mineral water containing lithium salts
Liver fluke - flatworm parasitic in liver and bile ducts of domestic animals and humans
Livestock - not used technically; any animals kept for use or profit
Lobster stew - diced lobster meat in milk or cream
Lobster - any of several edible marine crustaceans of the families Homaridae and Nephropsidae and Palinuridae; flesh of a lobster
Local option - freedom of a local government to determine by popular vote the applicability of a controversial law in their jurisdiction
Localism - a phrase or pronunciation that is peculiar to a particular locality; a partiality for some particular place
London - the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center; United States writer of novels based on experiences in the Klondike gold rush (1876-1916)
Lord Nelson - English admiral who defeated the French fleets of Napoleon but was mortally wounded at Trafalgar (1758-1805)
Louis XIV - king of France from 1643 to 1715; his long reign was marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe and by the magnificence of his court and the Palace of Versailles (1638-1715)
Love - any object of warm affection or devotion; a deep feeling of sexual desire and attraction; a strong positive emotion of regard and affection; a score of zero in tennis or squash; sexual activities (often including sexual intercourse) between two people; a beloved person; used as terms of endearment; verb have a great affection or liking for; be enamored or in love with; get pleasure from; have sexual intercourse with
Lower - the lower of two berths; verb set lower; cause to drop or sink; move something or somebody to a lower position; look angry or sullen, wrinkle one's forehead, as if to signal disapproval; make lower or quieter
Lube - a substance capable of reducing friction by making surfaces smooth or slippery; verb apply a lubricant to
Luddite - one of the 19th century English workmen who destroyed laborsaving machinery that they thought would cause unemployment; any opponent of technological progress
Lunch meat - any of various sausages or molded loaf meats sliced and served cold
Lycopene - carotenoid that makes tomatoes red; may lower the risk of prostate cancer
Lynch - verb kill without legal sanction
Macaroni salad - having macaroni as the base
Mace - a ceremonial staff carried as a symbol of office or authority; spice made from the dried fleshy covering of the nutmeg seed; (trademark) a liquid that temporarily disables a person; prepared as an aerosol and sprayed in the face, it irritates the eyes and causes dizziness and immobilization; an official who carries a mace of office
Macedonia - landlocked republic on the Balkan Peninsula; achieved independence from Yugoslavia in 1991; the ancient kingdom of Philip II and Alexander the Great in the southeastern Balkans that is now divided among modern Macedonia and Greece and Bulgaria
Macedonian - of or relating to Macedonia or its inhabitants; the Slavic language of modern Macedonia; a native or inhabitant of Macedon
Maceration - softening due to soaking or steeping; extreme leanness (usually caused by starvation or disease)
Machete - a large heavy knife used in Central and South America as a weapon or for cutting vegetation
Macoun - similar to McIntosh; juicy and late-ripening
Macrophage - a large phagocyte; some are fixed and other circulate in the blood stream
Magnesium - a light silver-white ductile bivalent metallic element; in pure form it burns with brilliant white flame; occurs naturally only in combination (as in magnesite and dolomite and carnallite and spinel and olivine)
Magritte - Belgian surrealist painter (1898-1967)
Main course - a square mainsail; the principal dish of a meal
Malnutrition - a state of poor nutrition; can result from insufficient or excessive or unbalanced diet or from inability to absorb foods
Malt liquor - a lager of high alcohol content; by law it is considered too alcoholic to be sold as lager or beer
Malta - a strategically located island south of Sicily in the Mediterranean Sea; a republic on the island of Malta in the Mediterranean; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1964
Malted milk - powder made of dried milk and malted cereals; a milkshake made with malt powder
Malus pumila - native Eurasian tree widely cultivated in many varieties for its firm rounded edible fruits
Malus - apple trees; found throughout temperate zones of the northern hemisphere
Malva neglecta - annual Old World plant with clusters of pink or white flowers; naturalized in United States
Mamba - arboreal snake of central and southern Africa whose bite is often fatal
Management - the act of managing something; those in charge of running a business
Manchu - the Tungusic language spoken by the Manchu; a member of the Manchu speaking people of Mongolian race of Manchuria; related to the Tungus; conquered China in the 17th century; the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries; during the Qing dynasty China was ruled by the Manchu
Mane - long coarse hair growing from the crest of the animal's neck; growth of hair covering the scalp of a human being
Manet - French painter whose work influenced the impressionists (1832-1883)
Manganese - a hard brittle grey polyvalent metallic element that resembles iron but is not magnetic; used in making steel; occurs in many minerals
Manila - the capital and largest city of the Philippines; located on southern Luzon; a strong paper or thin cardboard with a smooth light brown finish made from e.g. Manila hemp
Manitoba - one of the three prairie provinces in central Canada
Mann - German writer concerned about the role of the artist in bourgeois society (1875-1955); United States educator who introduced reforms that significantly altered the system of public education (1796-1859)
Manna - hardened sugary exudation of various trees; (Old Testament) food that God gave the Israelites during the Exodus
Manner - a way of acting or behaving; how something is done or how it happens; a kind
Mantidae - mantises
Mantrap - a trap for catching trespassers; a very attractive or seductive looking woman
Maoism - a form of communism developed in China by Mao Zedong
Maple sugar - sugar made from the sap of the sugar maple tree
Margarine - a spread made chiefly from vegetable oils and used as a substitute for butter
Mari - the Finnic language spoken by the Cheremis; a member of a rural Finnish people living in eastern Russia
Market garden - a garden where fruit and vegetables are grown for marketing
Marlin - large long-jawed oceanic sport fishes; related to sailfishes and spearfishes; not completely cold-blooded i.e. able to warm their brains and eyes
Mars - a small reddish planet that is the 4th from the sun and is periodically visible to the naked eye; minerals rich in iron cover its surface and are responsible for its characteristic color; (Roman mythology) Roman god of war and agriculture; father of Romulus and Remus; counterpart of Greek Ares
Martian - of or relating to the planet Mars (or its fictional inhabitants); imaginary people who live on the planet Mars
Marvel - something that causes feelings of wonder; verb express astonishment or surprise about something; be amazed at
Marxism - the economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will ultimately be superseded by communism
Mary Jane - street names for marijuana
Marzipan - almond paste and egg whites
Mascarpone - soft mild Italian cream cheese
Mastic - an evergreen shrub of the Mediterranean region that is cultivated for its resin; a pasty cement used as an adhesive or filler; an aromatic exudate from the mastic tree; used chiefly in varnishes
Matthew - one of the Gospels in the New Testament; includes the Sermon on the Mount; (New Testament) disciple of Jesus; traditionally considered to be the author of the first Gospel
Mattock - a kind of pick that is used for digging; has a flat blade set at right angles to the handle
Matzah ball - a Jewish dumpling made of matzo meal; usually served in soup
Matzo ball - a Jewish dumpling made of matzo meal; usually served in soup
Matzo - brittle flat bread eaten at Passover
Maxi - used of women's clothing having a hemline at the ankle; a long skirt ending below the calf
Mayonnaise - egg yolks and oil and vinegar
McIntosh - early-ripening apple popular in the northeastern United States; primarily eaten raw but suitable for applesauce
Mead - made of fermented honey and water; United States philosopher of pragmatism (1863-1931); United States anthropologist noted for her claims about adolescence and sexual behavior in Polynesian cultures (1901-1978)
Meat grinder - any action resulting in injury or destruction; a mill for grinding meat
Meat pie - pie made with meat or fowl enclosed in pastry or covered with pastry or biscuit dough
Meat - the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food; the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience; the inner and usually edible part of a seed or grain or nut or fruit stone
Meatball - ground meat formed into a ball and fried or simmered in broth
Meatloaf - a baked loaf of ground meat
Mecca - a place that attracts many visitors; joint capital (with Riyadh) of Saudi Arabia; located in western Saudi Arabia; as the birthplace of Muhammad it is the holiest city of Islam
Melatonin - hormone secreted by the pineal gland
Melba toast - very thin crisp brown toast
Melba - Australian operatic soprano (1861-1931)
Melon ball - a bite of melon cut as a sphere
Melon - any of numerous fruits of the gourd family having a hard rind and sweet juicy flesh; any of various fruit of cucurbitaceous vines including: muskmelons; watermelons; cantaloupes; cucumbers
Meltwater - melted snow or ice
Mercury - temperature measured by a mercury thermometer; the smallest planet and the nearest to the sun; (Roman mythology) messenger of Jupiter and god of commerce; counterpart of Greek Hermes; a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
Meringue - sweet topping especially for pies made of beaten egg whites and sugar
Merlot - dry red wine made from a grape grown widely in Bordeaux and California; black wine grape originally from the region of Bordeaux
Methane - a colorless odorless gas used as a fuel
Methyl - the univalent radical CH3- derived from methane
Mexico - a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810
Michelangelo - Florentine sculptor and painter and architect; one of the outstanding figures of the Renaissance (1475-1564)
Micronutrient - a substance needed only in small amounts for normal body function (e.g., vitamins or minerals)
Middle Eastern - of or relating to or located in the Middle East
Middleweight - a professional boxer who weighs between 155 and 160 pounds; a wrestler who weighs 172-192 pounds; an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 165 pounds
Migration - the movement of persons from one country or locality to another; the periodic passage of groups of animals (especially birds or fishes) from one region to another for feeding or breeding; (chemistry) the nonrandom movement of an atom or radical from one place to another within a molecule; a group of people migrating together (especially in some given time period)
Milano - the capital of Lombardy in northern Italy; has been an international center of trade and industry since the Middle Ages
Milk bar - snack bar that sells milk drinks and light refreshments (such as ice cream)
Milk thistle - tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America; any of several Old World coarse prickly-leaved shrubs and subshrubs having milky juice and yellow flowers; widely naturalized; often noxious weeds in cultivated soil
Milkmaid - a woman who works in a dairy
Milkshake - frothy drink of milk and flavoring and sometimes fruit or ice cream
Milky Way - the galaxy containing the solar system; consists of millions of stars that can be seen as a diffuse band of light stretching across the night sky
Milky - resembling milk in color or cloudiness; not clear
Mills - United States architect who was the presidentially appointed architect of Washington D.C. (1781-1855)
Milo - small drought-resistant sorghums having large yellow or whitish grains
Milwaukee - largest city of Wisconsin; located in southeastern Wisconsin on the western shore of Lake Michigan; a flourishing agricultural center known for its breweries
Mincemeat - spiced mixture of chopped raisins and apples and other ingredients with or without meat
Mincing - affectedly dainty or refined
Mineral oil - a distillate of petroleum (especially one used medicinally as a laxative or stool softener)
Mineral - of or containing or derived from minerals; composed of matter other than plant or animal; relating to minerals; solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite chemical composition
Minibar - sideboard with compartments for holding bottles
Minnow - very small European freshwater fish common in gravelly streams
Minoan - of or relating to or characteristic of the Bronze Age culture of Crete; a Cretan who lived in the bronze-age culture of Crete about 3000-1100 BC
Mint julep - bourbon and sugar and mint over crushed ice
Mint - as if new; a plant where money is coined by authority of the government; a candy that is flavored with a mint oil; the leaves of a mint plant used fresh or candied; any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers; (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent; verb form by stamping, punching, or printing
Miracle - a marvellous event manifesting a supernatural act of God; any amazing or wonderful occurrence
Miscellaneous - constituting a grab-bag category; consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds (even to the point of incongruity)
Mistral - a strong north wind that blows in France during the winter
Mixed drink - made of two or more ingredients
Mixed - consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds (even to the point of incongruity); involving or composed of different races; caused to combine or unite
Molasses - thick dark syrup produced by boiling down juice from sugar cane; especially during sugar refining
Molybdenum - a polyvalent metallic element that resembles chromium and tungsten in its properties; used to strengthen and harden steel
Monolith - a single great stone (often in the form of a column or obelisk)
Monroe - a town in north central Louisiana; a town of southeast Michigan on Lake Erie; 5th President of the United States; author of the Monroe Doctrine (1758-1831); United States film actress noted for sex appeal (1926-1962)
Monte Carlo - a town and popular resort in the principality of Monaco; famous for its gambling casino
Montreal - a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world
Moo - the sound made by a cow or bull; verb make a low noise, characteristic of bovines
Moore - British sculptor whose works are monumental organic forms (1898-1986); United States poet noted for irony and wit (1887-1872); Irish poet who wrote nostalgic and patriotic verse (1779-1852); English philosopher (1873-1958); English actor and comedian who appeared on television and in films (born in 1935); United States composer of works noted for their use of the American vernacular (1893-1969)
Morchella - genus of edible fungi: morel
Motor - causing or able to cause motion; conveying information to the muscles from the CNS; machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion; a nonspecific agent that imparts motion; verb travel or be transported in a vehicle
Moussaka - casserole of eggplant and ground lamb with onion and tomatoes bound with white sauce and beaten eggs
Mozzarella - mild white Italian cheese
Muffin - a sweet quick bread baked in a cup-shaped pan
Muhammad - leader of Black Muslims who campaigned for independence for Black Americans (1897-1975); the Arab prophet who, according to Islam, was the last messenger of Allah (570-632)
Mulled wine - wine heated with sugar and spices and often citrus fruit
Multivitamin - a pill or tablet containing several vitamins
Murray - an southeast Australian river; flows westward and then south into the Indian Ocean at Adelaide; Scottish philologist and the lexicographer who shaped the Oxford English Dictionary (1837-1915); British classical scholar (born in Australia) who advocated the League of Nations and the United Nations (1866-1957)
Mush - a journey by dogsled; cornmeal boiled in water; an expression that is excessively sweet and sentimental; any soft or soggy mass; verb drive (a team of dogs or a dogsled); travel with a dogsled
Music - musical activity (singing or whistling etc.); punishment for one's actions; any agreeable (pleasing and harmonious) sounds; (music) the sounds produced by singers or musical instruments (or reproductions of such sounds); an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner
Mustard - leaves eaten as cooked greens; pungent powder or paste prepared from ground mustard seeds; any of several cruciferous plants of the genus Brassica
Mycenaean - of or relating to or characteristic of ancient Mycenae or its inhabitants
Mycotoxin - a toxin produced by a fungus
Mythology - the study of myths; myths collectively; the body of stories associated with a culture or institution or person
Nabob - a wealthy man (especially one who made his fortune in the Orient); a governor in India during the Mogul empire
Nail-biting - (of a situation) characterized by or causing suspense
Nantucket - an island resort off Cape Cod; formerly a center of the whaling industry
Napkin ring - a circular band used to hold a particular person's napkin
Napkin - a small piece of table linen that is used to wipe the mouth and to cover the lap in order to protect clothing; garment consisting of a folded cloth drawn up between the legs and fastened at the waist; worn by infants to catch excrement
National - concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country; limited to or in the interests of a particular nation; owned or maintained for the public by the national government; of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country; of or relating to nationality; characteristic of or peculiar to the people of a nation; inside the country; a person who owes allegiance to that nation
Naturism - going without clothes as a social practice
Naturopathy - a method of treating disease using food and exercise and heat to assist the natural healing process
Near beer - drink that resembles beer but with less than 1/2 percent alcohol
Nectar - fruit juice especially when undiluted; a sweet liquid secretion that is attractive to pollinators; (classical mythology) the food and drink of the gods; mortals who ate it became immortal
Needs - in such a manner as could not be otherwise
Nelumbo lutea - water lily of eastern North America having pale yellow blossoms and edible globular nutlike seeds
Neophobia - a morbid fear of novelty
New Brunswick - a province in southeastern Canada; a university town in central New Jersey
New World - of or relating to the New World; the hemisphere that includes North America and South America
New York - a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the British colonies that formed the United States; the largest city in New York State and in the United States; located in southeastern New York at the mouth of the Hudson river; a major financial and cultural center
New Zealand - North Island and South Island and adjacent small islands in the South Pacific; an independent country within the British Commonwealth; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1907; known for sheep and spectacular scenery
Niacin - a B vitamin essential for the normal function of the nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract
Nightcap - the final game of a double header; a cloth cap worn in bed; an alcoholic drink taken at bedtime; often alcoholic
Nightclub - a spot that is open late at night and that provides entertainment (as singers or dancers) as well as dancing and food and drink
Nightlife - the activity of people seeking nighttime diversion (as at the theater, a nightclub, etc.); the entertainment available to people seeking nighttime diversion
Nimrod - (Old Testament) a famous hunter
Nippy - a sharp biting taste; pleasantly cold and invigorating
Nitrate - any compound containing the nitrate group (such as a salt or ester of nitric acid); verb treat with nitric acid, so as to change an organic compound into a nitrate
Nitrite - the radical -NO2 or any compound containing it (such as a salt or ester of nitrous acid)
No-Frills - characterized by the absence of inessential features
Noachian - of or relating to Noah or his time
Noble - having or showing or indicative of high or elevated character; of or belonging to or constituting the hereditary aristocracy especially as derived from feudal times; inert especially toward oxygen; impressive in appearance; a titled peer of the realm
Noodle - a ribbonlike strip of pasta; informal terms for a human head
North America - the nations of the North American continent collectively; a continent (the third largest) in the western hemisphere connected to South America by the Isthmus of Panama
North Carolina - a state in southeastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the British colonies that formed the United States
Northern Spy - large late-ripening apple with skin striped with yellow and red
Northern - situated in or coming from regions of the north; in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line; coming from the north; used especially of wind; situated in or oriented toward the north; a dialect of Middle English that developed into Scottish Lallans
Nougat - nuts or fruit pieces in a sugar paste
Nuphar advena - common water lily of eastern and central North America, having broad leaves and globe-shaped yellow flowers; in sluggish fresh or slightly brackish water
Nut butter - ground nuts blended with a little butter
Nut - a small (usually square or hexagonal) metal block with internal screw thread to be fitted onto a bolt; Egyptian goddess of the sky; usually large hard-shelled seed; one of the two male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens; someone who is so ardently devoted to something that it resembles an addiction; a whimsically eccentric person; half the width of an em; verb gather nuts
Nutrient - of or providing nourishment; any substance that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue
Nutrition - the scientific study of food and drink (especially in humans); (physiology) the organic process of nourishing or being nourished; the processes by which an organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and maintenance; a source of materials to nourish the body
Nutritionist - a specialist in the study of nutrition
Oatcake - thin flat unleavened cake of baked oatmeal
Oatmeal - meal made from rolled or ground oats; porridge made of rolled oats
Obesity - more than average fatness
Oceania - a large group of islands in the south Pacific including Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia (and sometimes Australasia and the Malay Archipelago)
Oct - the month following September and preceding November
Octopus - bottom-living cephalopod having a soft oval body with eight long tentacles; tentacles of octopus prepared as food
Oenomel - wine mixed with honey
Offal - viscera and trimmings of a butchered animal often considered inedible by humans
Oil paint - paint in which a drying oil is the vehicle
Oink - the short low gruff noise of the kind made by hogs; verb utter a high-pitched cry, characteristic of pigs
Oleoresin - a naturally occurring mixture of a resin and an essential oil; obtained from certain plants
Olive oil - oil from olives
Olla - leaf or strip from a leaf of the talipot palm used in India for writing paper
Omelette - beaten eggs or an egg mixture cooked until just set; may be folded around e.g. ham or cheese or jelly
On the Go - (of a person) very busy and active
On the fly - on the run or in a hurry
Onion roll - yeast-raised roll flavored with onion
Onion - an aromatic flavorful bulb; bulbous plant having hollow leaves cultivated worldwide for its rounded edible bulb; edible bulb of an onion plant
Opal - a translucent mineral consisting of hydrated silica of variable color; some varieties are used as gemstones
Open sandwich - sandwich without a covering slice of bread
Opera - a building where musical dramas are performed; a commercial browser; a drama set to music; consists of singing with orchestral accompaniment and an orchestral overture and interludes
Oporto - port city in northwest Portugal; noted for port wine
Orange juice - bottled or freshly squeezed juice of oranges
Orange - of the color between red and yellow; similar to the color of a ripe orange; orange color or pigment; any of a range of colors between red and yellow; round yellow to orange fruit of any of several citrus trees; a river in South Africa that flows generally westward to the Atlantic Ocean; any citrus tree bearing oranges; any pigment producing the orange color
Orbit - the (usually elliptical) path described by one celestial body in its revolution about another; the path of an electron around the nucleus of an atom; an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"; the bony cavity in the skull containing the eyeball; a particular environment or walk of life; verb move in an orbit
Orbiter - man-made equipment that orbits around the earth or the moon
Oregano - aromatic Eurasian perennial; pungent leaves used as seasoning with meats and fowl and in stews and soups and omelets
Oregon - a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific
Oriental - denoting or characteristic of the biogeographic region including southern Asia and the Malay Archipelago as far as the Philippines and Borneo and Java; a member of an Oriental race; the term is regarded as offensive by Asians (especially by Asian Americans)
Orzo - pasta shaped like pearls of barley; frequently prepared with lamb in Greek cuisine
Other - very unusual; different in character or quality from the normal or expected; recently past; not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied; belonging to the distant past
Otterhound - hardy British hound having long pendulous ears and a thick coarse shaggy coat with an oily undercoat; bred for hunting otters
Ottoman - of or relating to the Ottoman Empire or its people or its culture; thick cushion used as a seat; the Turkish dynasty that ruled the Ottoman Empire from the 13th century to its dissolution after World War I; a Turk (especially a Turk who is a member of the tribe of Osman I); a low seat or a stool to rest the feet of a seated person
Ouzo - a Greek liquor flavored with anise
Overeating - eating to excess (personified as one of the deadly sins)
Overweight - usually describes a large person who is fat but has a large frame to carry it; the property of excessive fatness
Oxidoreductase - an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction
Oyster bar - a bar (as in a restaurant) that specializes in oysters prepared in different ways
Pablum - a soft form of cereal for infants; worthless or oversimplified ideas
Pakistan - a Muslim republic that occupies the heartland of ancient south Asian civilization in the Indus River valley; formerly part of India; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947
Palatability - acceptability to the mind or feelings; the property of being acceptable to the mouth
Pancake - a flat cake of thin batter fried on both sides on a griddle
Panfish - any of numerous small food fishes; especially those caught with hook and line and not available on the market
Pantry - a small storeroom for storing foods or wines
Papain - a proteolytic enzyme obtained from the unripe papaya; used as a meat tenderizer
Paprika - a mild powdered seasoning made from dried pimientos; plant bearing large mild thick-walled usually bell-shaped fruits; the principal salad peppers
Paraffin wax - from crude petroleum; used for candles and for preservative or waterproof coatings
Parasitic worm - worm that is parasitic on the intestines of vertebrates especially roundworms and tapeworms and flukes
Pareve - containing no meat or milk (or their derivatives) and thus eatable with both meat and dairy dishes according to the dietary laws of Judaism
Paris - the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce; a town in northeastern Texas; (Greek mythology) the prince of Troy who abducted Helen from her husband Menelaus and provoked the Trojan War; sometimes placed in subfamily Trilliaceae
Parker - United States writer noted for her sharp wit (1893-1967); United States saxophonist and leader of the bop style of jazz (1920-1955)
Parlour - a room in a private house or establishment where people can sit and talk and relax; reception room in an inn or club where visitors can be received
Parsi - a member of a monotheistic sect of Zoroastrian origin; descended from the Persians; now found in western India
Parsley - aromatic herb with flat or crinkly leaves that are cut finely and used to garnish food; annual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves
Paste - an adhesive made from water and flour or starch; used on paper and paperboard; any mixture of a soft and malleable consistency; a tasty mixture to be spread on bread or crackers; verb cover the surface of; hit with the fists; join or attach with or as if with glue
Pasteurization - partial sterilization of foods at a temperature that destroys harmful microorganisms without major changes in the chemistry of the food
Pastil - a medicated lozenge used to soothe the throat
Pastille - a medicated lozenge used to soothe the throat
Pastrami - highly seasoned cut of smoked beef
Pastry - any of various baked foods made of dough or batter; a dough of flour and water and shortening
Pasty - resembling paste in color; pallid; having the sticky properties of an adhesive; (usually used in the plural) one of a pair of adhesive patches worn to cover the nipples of exotic dancers and striptease performers; small meat pie or turnover
Pat - exactly suited to the occasion; having only superficial plausibility; completely or perfectly; the sound made by a gentle blow; a light touch or stroke; verb hit lightly; pat or squeeze fondly or playfully, especially under the chin
Patty - round flat candy; small pie or pasty; small flat mass of chopped food
PayDay - the day on which you receive pay for your work
Peach Melba - ice cream and peaches with a liqueur
Peanut Brittle - brittle containing peanuts
Peanut butter - a spread made from ground peanuts
Peanut - of little importance or influence or power; of minor status; pod of the peanut vine containing usually 2 nuts or seeds; `groundnut' and `monkey nut' are British terms; a young child who is small for his age; widely cultivated American plant cultivated in tropical and warm regions; showy yellow flowers on stalks that bend over to the soil so that seed pods ripen underground; underground pod of the peanut vine
Pear-shaped - having a round shape tapered at one end; (of sounds) full and rich
Pearl barley - barley ground into small round pellets
Pearmain - any of several varieties of apples with red skins
Pease pudding - a pudding made with strained split peas mixed with egg
Pectin - any of various water-soluble colloidal carbohydrates that occur in ripe fruit and vegetables; used in making fruit jellies and jams
Pennsylvania - a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the British colonies that formed the United States; a university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Penuche - fudge made with brown sugar and butter and milk and nuts
People - (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively; members of a family line; the body of citizens of a state or country; the common people generally; verb fill with people or supply with inhabitants; furnish with people
Pep - liveliness and energy
Pepsi - Pepsi Cola is a trademarked cola
Persian - of or relating to Iran or its people or language or culture; the language of Persia (Iran) in any of its ancient forms; a native or inhabitant of Iran
Pesto - a sauce typically served with pasta; contains crushed basil leaves and garlic and pine nuts and Parmesan cheese in olive oil
Philadelphia - the largest city in Pennsylvania; located in the southeastern part of the state on the Delaware river; site of Independence Hall where the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were signed; site of the University of Pennsylvania
Philip II - king of Spain and Portugal and husband of Mary I; he supported the Counter Reformation and sent the Spanish Armada to invade England (1527-1598); king of ancient Macedonia and father of Alexander the Great (382-336 BC); son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)
Philippines - an archipelago in the southwestern Pacific including some 7000 islands; a republic on the Philippine Islands; achieved independence from the United States in 1946
Phobos - the larger of the two satellites of Mars
Phosphorus - a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms; a planet (usually Venus) seen just before sunrise in the eastern sky
Photosynthesis - synthesis of compounds with the aid of radiant energy (especially in plants)
Phragmites - reeds of marshes and riversides in tropical or temperate regions
Phylum - (biology) the major taxonomic group of animals and plants; contains classes; (linguistics) a large group of languages that are historically related
Pica - magpies; eating earth or clay or chalk; occurs in some primitive tribes or sometimes in cases of nutritional deficiency; a linear unit (1/6 inch) used in printing
Pickaxe - a heavy iron tool with a wooden handle and a curved head that is pointed on both ends
Pierre - capital of the state of South Dakota; located in central South Dakota on the Missouri river
Pilaf - rice cooked in well-seasoned broth with onions or celery and usually poultry or game or shellfish and sometimes tomatoes
Pine tar - a dark viscous substance obtained from the destructive distillation of pine wood
Pink Lady - a cocktail made of gin and brandy with lemon juice and grenadine shaken with an egg white and ice
Pinole - meal made of finely ground corn mixed with sugar and spices
Pinus mugo - low shrubby pine of central Europe with short bright green needles in bunches of two
Pioneer - one the first colonists or settler in a new territory; someone who helps to open up a new line of research or technology or art; verb open up and explore a new area; open up an area or prepare a way; take the lead or initiative in; participate in the development of
Pirozhki - small fruit or meat turnover baked or fried
Pistachio - nut of Mediterranean trees having an edible green kernel; small tree of southern Europe and Asia Minor bearing small hard-shelled nuts
Pisum - small genus of variable annual Eurasian vines: peas
Pita - usually small round bread that can open into a pocket for filling
Pitchfork - a long-handled hand tool with sharp widely spaced prongs for lifting and pitching hay; verb lift with a pitchfork
Pizza - Italian open pie made of thin bread dough spread with a spiced mixture of e.g. tomato sauce and cheese
Plantsman - an expert in the science of cultivating plants (fruit or flowers or vegetables or ornamental plants)
Plastic wrap - wrapping consisting of a very thin transparent sheet of plastic
Plato - ancient Athenian philosopher; pupil of Socrates; teacher of Aristotle (428-347 BC)
Platter - a large shallow dish used for serving food; sound recording consisting of a disk with a continuous groove; used to reproduce music by rotating while a phonograph needle tracks in the groove
Please - used in polite request; verb give pleasure to or be pleasing to; give satisfaction; be the will of or have the will (to)
Plenty - as much as necessary; a full supply; (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent
Plough - a farm tool having one or more heavy blades to break the soil and cut a furrow prior to sowing; a group of seven bright stars in the constellation Ursa Major; verb to break and turn over earth especially with a plow; move in a way resembling that of a plow cutting into or going through the soil
Plus - involving advantage or good; on the positive side or higher end of a scale; the arithmetic operation of summing; calculating the sum of two or more numbers; a useful or valuable quality
Poaching - cooking in simmering liquid
Pocketknife - a knife with a blade that folds into the handle; suitable for carrying in the pocket
Poi - Hawaiian dish of taro root pounded to a paste and often allowed to ferment
Polar - having a pair of equal and opposite charges; of or existing at or near a geographical pole or within the Arctic or Antarctic Circles; located at or near or coming from the earth's poles; being of crucial importance; extremely cold; characterized by opposite extremes; completely opposed
Polenta - a thick mush made of cornmeal boiled in stock or water
Polish - of or relating to Poland or its people or culture; the property of being smooth and shiny; the Slavic language of Poland; a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality; a preparation used in polishing; verb bring to a highly developed, finished, or refined state; improve or perfect by pruning or polishing; make (a surface) shine
Pollination - transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a plant
Polo - a game similar to field hockey but played on horseback using long-handled mallets and a wooden ball; Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324)
Polydipsia - excessive thirst (as in cases of diabetes or kidney dysfunction)
Polygonatum - sometimes placed in subfamily Convallariaceae
Pom - a disparaging term for English immigrants to Australia or New Zealand
Pome - a fleshy fruit (apple or pear or related fruits) having seed chambers and an outer fleshy part
Pomegranate - large globular fruit having many seeds with juicy red pulp in a tough brownish-red rind; shrub or small tree native to southwestern Asia having large red many-seeded fruit
Popcorn - small kernels of corn exploded by heat; corn having small ears and kernels that burst when exposed to dry heat
Poplar - any of numerous trees of north temperate regions having light soft wood and flowers borne in catkins; soft light-colored nondurable wood of the poplar
Popover - light hollow muffin made of a puff batter (individual Yorkshire pudding) baked in a deep muffin cup
Poppy seed - small grey seed of a poppy flower; used whole or ground in baked items
Poppycock - senseless talk
Pork and beans - dried beans cooked with pork and tomato sauce
Pork barrel - a legislative appropriation designed to ingratiate legislators with their constituents
Pork - meat from a domestic hog or pig; a legislative appropriation designed to ingratiate legislators with their constituents
Porphyra - a genus of protoctist
Porridge - soft food made by boiling oatmeal or other meal or legumes in water or milk until thick
Porringer - a shallow metal bowl (usually with a handle) from which children eat
Posset - sweet spiced hot milk curdled with ale or beer
Postum - trade mark for a coffee substitute invented by C. W. Post and made with chicory and roasted grains
Potassium - a light soft silver-white metallic element of the alkali metal group; oxidizes rapidly in air and reacts violently with water; is abundant in nature in combined forms occurring in sea water and in carnallite and kainite and sylvite
Potato chip - a thin crisp slice of potato fried in deep fat
Potato salad - any of various salads having chopped potatoes as the base
Potato - an edible tuber native to South America; a staple food of Ireland; annual native to South America having underground stolons bearing edible starchy tubers; widely cultivated as a garden vegetable; vines are poisonous
Potluck - whatever happens to be available especially when offered to an unexpected guest or when brought by guests and shared by all
Pottage - a stew of vegetables and (sometimes) meat; thick (often creamy) soup
Poultry - flesh of chickens or turkeys or ducks or geese raised for food; a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl
Pounce - the act of pouncing; verb move down on as if in an attack
Powdered sugar - sugar granulated into a fine powder
Praline - cookie-sized candy made of brown sugar and butter and pecans
Predation - the act of preying by a predator who kills and eats the prey; an act of plundering and pillaging and marauding
Premises - land and the buildings on it
Premium - having or reflecting superior quality or value; payment for insurance; the amount that something in scarce supply is valued above its nominal value; payment or reward (especially from a government) for acts such as catching criminals or killing predatory animals or enlisting in the military; a fee charged for exchanging currencies
Preservative - tending or having the power to preserve; a chemical compound that is added to protect against decay or decomposition
Presto - (of tempo) very fast; suddenly; at a very fast tempo (faster than allegro)
Pretzel - glazed and salted cracker typically in the shape of a loose knot
Priest - a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders; a person who performs religious duties and ceremonies in a non-Christian religion
Prima - indicating the most important performer or role; used primarily as eating apples
Primula - any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads
Prior - earlier in time; the head of a religious order; in an abbey the prior is next below the abbot
Pristine - immaculately clean and unused; completely free from dirt or contamination
Produce - fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market; verb create or manufacture a man-made product; bring forth or yield; cause to happen, occur or exist; bring out for display; bring onto the market or release; come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques
Product - an artifact that has been created by someone or some process; a quantity obtained by multiplication; a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances; a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction; commodities offered for sale; the set of elements common to two or more sets
Professional - engaged in a profession or engaging in as a profession or means of livelihood; characteristic of or befitting a profession or one engaged in a profession; engaged in by members of a profession; of or relating to a profession; of or relating to or suitable as a profession; a person engaged in one of the learned professions; an athlete who plays for pay; an authority qualified to teach apprentices
Property - any movable articles or objects used on the set of a play or movie; a basic or essential attribute shared by all members of a class; a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished; something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone; any area set aside for a particular purpose
Proserpine - goddess of the underworld; counterpart of Greek Persephone
Protein - any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes
Proximate - very close in space or time; closest in degree or order (space or time) especially in a chain of causes and effects
Pseudoscience - an activity resembling science but based on fallacious assumptions
Psilocin - a hallucinogenic compound obtained from a mushroom
Psilocybin - a hallucinogenic compound obtained from a mushroom
Puffball - any of various fungi of the family Lycoperdaceae whose round fruiting body discharges a cloud of spores when mature; any of various fungi of the genus Scleroderma having hard-skinned subterranean fruiting bodies resembling truffles
Pulp - the soft inner part of a tooth; an inexpensive magazine printed on poor quality paper; any soft or soggy mass; a soft moist part of a fruit; a mixture of cellulose fibers; verb reduce to pulp; remove the pulp from, as from a fruit
Pulque - fermented Mexican drink from juice of various agave plants especially the maguey
Pumpernickel - bread made of coarse rye flour
Pumpkin - usually large pulpy deep-yellow round fruit of the squash family maturing in late summer or early autumn; a coarse vine widely cultivated for its large pulpy round orange fruit with firm orange skin and numerous seeds; subspecies of Cucurbita pepo include the summer squashes and a few autumn squashes
Punch - (boxing) a blow with the fist; a tool for making holes or indentations; an iced mixed drink usually containing alcohol and prepared for multiple servings; normally served in a punch bowl; verb deliver a quick blow to; make a hole into or between, as for ease of separation; drive forcibly as if by a punch
Pungency - a strong odor or taste property; wit having a sharp and caustic quality
Puppy chow - food especially prepared for puppies
Putrefaction - a state of decay usually accompanied by an offensive odor; moral perversion; impairment of virtue and moral principles; (biology) the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action
Pyridoxamine - a B vitamin that is essential for metabolism of amino acids and starch
Pyridoxine - a B vitamin that is essential for metabolism of amino acids and starch
Qibla - a small terrorist group of Muslims in South Africa formed in the 1980s; was inspired by Ayatollah Khomeini to create an Islamic state in South Africa; the direction of the Kaaba toward which Muslims turn for their daily prayers
Quackery - medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings; the dishonesty of a charlatan
Quark - (physics) hypothetical truly fundamental particle in mesons and baryons; there are supposed to be six flavors of quarks (and their antiquarks), which come in pairs; each has an electric charge of +2/3 or -1/3; fresh unripened cheese of a smooth texture made from pasteurized milk, a starter, and rennet
Quarters - housing available for people to live in
Quickie - hurried repair
Quiver - case for holding arrows; the act of vibrating; an almost pleasurable sensation of fright; a shaky motion; verb shake with fast, tremulous movements; move back and forth very rapidly; move with or as if with a regular alternating motion
Quodlibet - an issue that is presented for formal disputation
RaceWay - a canal for a current of water; a course over which races are run
Rachel - (Old Testament) the second wife of Jacob and mother of Joseph and Benjamin
Racking - causing great physical or mental suffering
Raisin Bran - bran flakes with raisins
Raisin - dried grape
Rake - a long-handled tool with a row of teeth at its head; used to move leaves or loosen soil; a dissolute man in fashionable society; degree of deviation from a horizontal plane; verb gather with a rake; level or smooth with a rake; move through with or as if with a rake; sweep the length of; scrape gently; examine hastily
Rat-catcher - a workman employed to destroy or drive away vermin
Ravioli - small circular or square cases of dough with savory fillings
Raw meat - uncooked meat
Real IRA - a radical terrorist group that broke away in 1997 when the mainstream Provisional IRA proposed a cease-fire; has continued terrorist activities in opposition to any peace agreement
Recipe - directions for making something
Red Delicious - a sweet eating apple with bright red skin; most widely grown apple worldwide
Red herring - any diversion intended to distract attention from the main issue; a dried and smoked herring having a reddish color; a first draft of a prospectus; must be clearly marked to indicate that parts may be changed in the final prospectus
Red meat - meat that is dark in color before cooking (as beef, venison, lamb, mutton)
Red pepper - very hot red peppers; usually long and thin; some very small; ground pods and seeds of pungent red peppers of the genus Capsicum
Reductase - an enzyme that catalyses the biochemical reduction of some specified substance
Reduction - the act of reducing complexity; any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent; the act of decreasing or reducing something
Refractometer - measuring instrument for measuring the refractive index of a substance
Refrigeration - deliberately lowering the body's temperature for therapeutic purposes; the process of cooling or freezing (e.g., food) for preservative purposes
Refrigerator - white goods in which food can be stored at low temperatures
Regional - related or limited to a particular region; characteristic of a region
Regurgitation - recall after rote memorization; backflow of blood through a defective heart valve; the reflex act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth
Related - connected by kinship, common origin, or marriage; being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics; having close kinship and appropriateness; similar or related in quality or character
Relay - the act of passing something along from one person or group to another; electrical device such that current flowing through it in one circuit can switch on and off a current in a second circuit; a fresh team to relieve weary draft animals; a crew of workers who relieve another crew; verb pass along; control or operate by relay
Relish - the taste experience when a savoury condiment is taken into the mouth; spicy or savory condiment; vigorous and enthusiastic enjoyment; verb derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in
Reload - verb place a new load on; load anew with ammunition, "She reloaded the gun carefully"
Rembrandt - influential Dutch artist (1606-1669)
Remorse - a feeling of deep regret (usually for some misdeed)
Renin - a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the kidneys; catalyzes the formation of angiotensin and thus affects blood pressure
Rennet - a substance that curdles milk in making cheese and junket
Repentance - remorse for your past conduct
Restaurant - a building where people go to eat
Retinol - an unsaturated alcohol that occurs in marine fish-liver oils and is synthesized biologically from carotene
Retriever - a dog with heavy water-resistant coat that can be trained to retrieve game
Retsina - Greek wine flavored with resin
Reuben - a hot sandwich with corned beef and Swiss cheese and sauerkraut on rye bread; (Old Testment) a son of Jacob and forefather of one of the tribes of Israel
Rhizobiaceae - a small family of rod-shaped bacteria
Ribes - a flowering shrub bearing currants or gooseberries; native to northern hemisphere
Riboflavin - a B vitamin that prevents skin lesions and weight loss
Ribonuclease - a transferase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid
Rice paper - a thin delicate material resembling paper; made from the rice-paper tree
Rice - grains used as food either unpolished or more often polished; United States playwright (1892-1967); English lyricist who frequently worked with Andrew Lloyd Webber (born in 1944); annual or perennial rhizomatous marsh grasses; seed used for food; straw used for paper; verb sieve so that it becomes the consistency of rice
Ricotta - soft Italian cheese like cottage cheese
Riddle - a coarse sieve (as for gravel); a difficult problem; verb set a difficult problem or riddle; explain a riddle; speak in riddles; pierce with many holes; separate with a riddle, as grain from chaff; spread or diffuse through
Rifle - a shoulder firearm with a long barrel and a rifled bore; verb go through in search of something; search through someone's belongings in an unauthorized way; steal goods; take as spoils
Rings - gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises
Ripper - a murderer who slashes the victims with a knife
Rissole - minced cooked meat or fish coated in egg and breadcrumbs and fried in deep fat
Roadkill - the dead body of an animal that has been killed on a road by a vehicle
Roasting - cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added)
Rock candy - sugar in large hard clear crystals on a string; hard bright-colored stick candy (typically flavored with peppermint)
Rolled oats - meal made from rolled or ground oats
Rolling pin - utensil consisting of a cylinder (usually of wood) with a handle at each end; used to roll out dough
Rome - the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church; capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire
Roof garden - a garden on a flat roof of a building
Root cellar - an excavation where root vegetables are stored
Roquefort - French blue cheese
Rose oil - a volatile fragrant oil obtained from fresh roses by steam distillation
Rose water - perfume consisting of water scented with oil of roses
Rosh Hashanah - (Judaism) a solemn Jewish feast day celebrated on the 1st or 1st and 2nd of Tishri; noted for the blowing of the shofar
Rotisserie - a restaurant that specializes in roasted and barbecued meats; an oven or broiler equipped with a rotating spit on which meat cooks as it turns
Rough fish - any fish useless for food or sport or even as bait
Roulade - (music) an elaborate run of several notes sung to one syllable; a dish consisting of a slice of meat that is rolled around a filling and cooked
Roux - a mixture of fat and flour heated and used as a basis for sauces
Rover - an adult member of the Boy Scouts movement; someone who leads a wandering unsettled life
Royal jelly - a secretion of the pharyngeal glands of bees that is fed to very young larvae and to bees destined to be queens
Rubens - prolific Flemish baroque painter; knighted by the English king Charles I (1577-1640)
Rugelach - pastry made with a cream cheese dough and different fillings (as raisins and walnuts and cinnamon or chocolate and walnut and apricot preserves)
Rum baba - a baba soaked in rum
Rye Bread - any of various breads made entirely or partly with rye flour
Safari - an overland journey by hunters (especially in Africa)
Saffron - dried pungent stigmas of the Old World saffron crocus; Old World crocus having purple or white flowers with aromatic pungent orange stigmas used in flavoring food; a shade of yellow tinged with orange
Sagittaria - genus of aquatic herbs of temperate and tropical regions having sagittate or hastate leaves and white scapose flowers
Sago - powdery starch from certain sago palms; used in Asia as a food thickener and textile stiffener
Saguaro - extremely large treelike cactus of desert regions of southwestern United States having a thick columnar sparsely branched trunk bearing white flowers and edible red pulpy fruit
Saint Peter - disciple of Jesus and leader of the apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope
Sake - a reason for wanting something done; the purpose of achieving or obtaining; Japanese alcoholic beverage made from fermented rice; usually served hot
Salad bar - a bar where diners can assemble a salad to their own taste
Salad bowl - a large bowl for mixing and serving a salad; a plate or bowl for individual servings of salad
Salad cream - a creamy salad dressing resembling mayonnaise
Salad days - the best time of youth
Salad - food mixtures either arranged on a plate or tossed and served with a moist dressing; usually consisting of or including greens
Salami - highly seasoned fatty sausage of pork and beef usually dried
Salat - the second pillar of Islam is prayer; a prescribed liturgy performed five times a day (preferably in a mosque) and oriented toward Mecca
Salmagundi - cooked meats and eggs and vegetables usually arranged in rows around the plate and dressed with a salad dressing; a collection containing a variety of sorts of things
Salmonellosis - a kind of food poisoning caused by eating foods contaminated with Salmonella typhimurium
Salsa - spicy sauce of tomatoes and onions and chili peppers to accompany Mexican foods
Salt pork - fat from the back and sides and belly of a hog carcass cured with salt
Salted - (used especially of meats) preserved in salt
Salting - the act of adding salt to food
Salver - a tray (or large plate) for serving food or drinks; usually made of silver
Samosa - small turnover of Indian origin filled with vegetables or meat and fried and served hot
Samovar - a metal urn with a spigot at the base; used in Russia to boil water for tea
San Diego - a picturesque city of southern California on San Diego Bay near the Mexican border; site of an important naval base
San Francisco - a port in western California near the Golden Gate that is one of the major industrial and transportation centers; it has one of the world's finest harbors; site of the Golden Gate Bridge
Sana - the capital and largest city of Yemen; on the central plateau
Sandwich - two (or more) slices of bread with a filling between them; verb insert or squeeze tightly between two people or objects; make into a sandwich
Sangria - sweetened red wine and orange or lemon juice with soda water
Santa Claus - the legendary patron saint of children
Sargassum - brown algae with rounded bladders forming dense floating masses in tropical Atlantic waters as in the Sargasso Sea
Sauce - flavorful relish or dressing or topping served as an accompaniment to food; verb add zest or flavor to, make more interesting; dress (food) with a relish; behave saucy or impudently towards
Sauerbraten - pot roast marinated several days in seasoned vinegar before cooking; usually served with potato dumplings
Sauerkraut - shredded cabbage fermented in brine
Sausage roll - sausage meat rolled and baked in pastry
Sausage - highly seasoned minced meat stuffed in casings; a small nonrigid airship used for observation or as a barrage balloon
Savory - morally respectable or inoffensive; pleasing to the sense of taste; having an agreeably pungent taste; an aromatic or spicy dish served at the end of dinner or as an hors d'oeuvre; either of two aromatic herbs of the mint family; dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions; any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees
Savoury - pleasing to the sense of taste; morally respectable or inoffensive; having an agreeably pungent taste; an aromatic or spicy dish served at the end of dinner or as an hors d'oeuvre; either of two aromatic herbs of the mint family
Saw palmetto - small hardy clump-forming spiny palm of southern United States
Saxon - of or relating to or characteristic of the early Saxons or Anglo-Saxons and their descendents (especially the English or Lowland Scots) and their language; a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman conquest
Scalded milk - milk heated almost to boiling
Scalding - marked by harshly abusive criticism
Schilling - formerly the basic unit of money in Austria
Schmaltz - (Yiddish) excessive sentimentality in art or music
Schmidt - German statesman who served as chancellor of Germany (born in 1918)
Scone - small biscuit (rich with cream and eggs) cut into diamonds or sticks and baked in an oven or (especially originally) on a griddle
Scores - a large number or amount
Scotland - one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts
Scrapie - a fatal disease of sheep characterized by chronic itching and loss of muscular control and progressive degeneration of the central nervous system
Scraps - food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)
Scum - a film of impurities or vegetation that can form on the surface of a liquid; worthless people; verb remove the scum from
Scurry - rushing about hastily in an undignified way; verb to move about or proceed hurriedly
Scythe - an edge tool for cutting grass; has a long handle that must be held with both hands and a curved blade that moves parallel to the ground; verb cut with a scythe
Sea lettuce - seaweed with edible translucent crinkly green fronds
Seafood - edible fish (broadly including freshwater fish) or shellfish or roe etc
Seamless - perfectly consistent and coherent; used especially of skin; not having or joined by a seam or seams
Seasoning - the act of adding a seasoning to food; something added to food primarily for the savor it imparts
Seaweed - plant growing in the sea, especially marine algae
Seedbed - a bed where seedlings are grown before transplanting
Selenium - a toxic nonmetallic element related to sulfur and tellurium; occurs in several allotropic forms; a stable grey metallike allotrope conducts electricity better in the light than in the dark and is used in photocells; occurs in sulfide ores (as pyrite)
Seltzer - naturally effervescent mineral water; effervescent beverage artificially charged with carbon dioxide
Semolina - milled product of durum wheat (or other hard wheat) used in pasta
Sephardi - a Jew who is of Spanish or Portuguese or North African descent
Sesame oil - oil obtained from sesame seeds
Setter - a long-haired dog formerly trained to crouch on finding game but now to point; one who sets written material into type
Shad - herring-like food fishes that migrate from the sea to fresh water to spawn; bony flesh of herring-like fish usually caught during their migration to fresh water for spawning; especially of Atlantic coast
Shaken - disturbed psychologically as if by a physical jolt or shock
Shasta - the Shastan language spoken by the Shasta; a volcanic mountain peak in the Cascade Range in northern California (14,162 feet high); a member of the Indian people of northern California and southern Oregon
Sheffield - a steel manufacturing city in northern England famous for its cutlery industry
Shelf life - the length of time a packaged food or drug will last without deteriorating
Shellac - a thin varnish made by dissolving lac in ethanol; used to finish wood; lac purified by heating and filtering; usually in thin orange or yellow flakes but sometimes bleached white; verb cover with shellac
Shellfish - meat of edible aquatic invertebrate with a shell (especially a mollusk or crustacean); invertebrate having a soft unsegmented body usually enclosed in a shell
Shigellosis - an acute infection of the intestine by shigella bacteria; characterized by diarrhea and fever and abdominal pains
Shiitake - edible east Asian mushroom having a golden or dark brown to blackish cap and an inedible stipe
Shish kebab - cubes of meat marinated and cooked on a skewer usually with vegetables
Shocking - giving offense to moral sensibilities and injurious to reputation; glaringly vivid and graphic; marked by sensationalism
Shofar - an ancient musical horn made from the horn of a ram; used in ancient times by the Israelites to sound a warning or a summons; used in synagogues today on solemn occasions
Shooter - (sports) a player who drives or kicks a ball at the goal (or a basketball player who shoots at the basket); a gambler who throws dice in the game of craps; a large marble used for shooting in the game of marbles; a professional killer who uses a gun; a person who shoots (usually with respect to their ability to shoot)
Shooting - the act of firing a projectile; killing someone by gunfire
Shop - a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services; a course of instruction in a trade (as carpentry or electricity); small workplace where handcrafts or manufacturing are done; verb do one's shopping; shop around; not necessarily buying; give away information about somebody; do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of
Shot glass - a small glass adequate to hold a single swallow of whiskey
Shovel - a hand tool for lifting loose material; consists of a curved container or scoop and a handle; a fire iron consisting of a small shovel used to scoop coals or ashes in a fireplace; the quantity a shovel can hold; a machine for excavating; verb dig with or as if with a shovel
Shrimp - small slender-bodied chiefly marine decapod crustaceans with a long tail and single pair of pincers; many species are edible; any of various edible decapod crustaceans; disparaging terms for small people; verb fish for shrimp
Shrove Tuesday - the last day before Lent
Shrub - a low woody perennial plant usually having several major branches
Sicilian pizza - pizza made with a thick crust
Sickle - an edge tool for cutting grass or crops; has a curved blade and a short handle
Side dish - a dish that is served with but is subordinate to a main course
Sideboard - a board that forms part of the side of a bed or crib; a removable board fitted on the side of a wagon to increase its capacity; a piece of furniture that stands at the side of a dining room; has shelves and drawers
Sideritis - genus of woolly aromatic herbs or subshrubs or shrubs of Mediterranean region
Sikhism - the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam
Sima - rock that form the continuous lower layer of the earth's crust; rich in silicon and magnesium
Similar - marked by correspondence or resemblance; (of words) expressing closely related meanings; resembling or similar; having the same or some of the same characteristics; often used in combination; having the same or similar characteristics; capable of replacing or changing places with something else; permitting mutual substitution without loss of function or suitability
Simmering - cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil
Simon - United States economist and psychologist who pioneered in the development of cognitive science (1916-2001); United States playwright noted for light comedies (born in 1927); United States singer and songwriter (born in 1942); one of the twelve Apostles (first century)
Sirloin - the portion of the loin (especially of beef) just in front of the rump
Skinner - a person who prepares or deals in animal skins; United States psychologist and a leading proponent of behaviorism (1904-1990); United States actress noted for her one-woman shows (1901-1979); United States actor (1858-1942); a worker who drives mules
Slam - a forceful impact that makes a loud noise; the noise made by the forceful impact of two objects; winning all or all but one of the tricks in bridge; an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile and intended to have a telling effect; verb strike violently; throw violently; close violently; dance the slam dance
Slaughterhouse - a building where animals are butchered
Slice - a golf shot that curves to the right for a right-handed golfer; a spatula for spreading paint or ink; a thin flat piece cut off of some object; a share of something; a serving that has been cut from a larger portion; a wound made by cutting; verb hit a ball so that it causes a backspin; cut into slices; hit a ball and put a spin on it so that it travels in a different direction; make a clean cut through
Slider - a fastball that curves slightly away from the side from which it was thrown; freshwater turtle of United States and South America; frequently raised commercially; some young sold as pets; someone who races the luge; a person who slips or slides because of loss of traction
Slinger - a person who uses a sling to throw something
Slush - partially melted snow; verb spill or splash copiously or clumsily; make a splashing sound
Smetana - Czech composer (1824-1884)
Smoked salmon - salmon cured by smoking
Smokehouse - a small house where smoke is used to cure meat or fish
Smoking - emitting smoke in great volume; the act of smoking tobacco or other substances; a hot vapor containing fine particles of carbon being produced by combustion
Smothering - causing difficulty in breathing especially through lack of fresh air and presence of heat
Snack bar - usually inexpensive bar
Snifter - a globular glass with a small top; used for serving brandy
Soda jerk - someone who works at a soda fountain
Soda - a sweet drink containing carbonated water and flavoring; a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper
Sodium nitrite - nitrite used to preserve and color food especially in meat and fish products; implicated in the formation of suspected carcinogens
Sodium - a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group; occurs abundantly in natural compounds (especially in salt water); burns with a yellow flame and reacts violently in water; occurs in sea water and in the mineral halite (rock salt)
Soft diet - a diet that does not require chewing; advised for those with intestinal disorders
Software - (computer science) written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are stored in read/write memory
Soho - a city district of central London now noted for restaurants and nightclubs; a district in southwestern Manhattan noted for its shops and restaurants and galleries and artist's lofts
Soil - the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock; the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state; material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use); the state of being covered with unclean things; verb make soiled, filthy, or dirty
Soma - personification of a sacred intoxicating drink used in Vedic ritual; leafless East Indian vine; its sour milky juice formerly used to make an intoxicating drink; alternative names for the body of a human being
Sommelier - a waiter who manages wine service in a hotel or restaurant
Sorbet - an ice containing milk
Soup kitchen - a place where food is dispensed to the needy
Soup - liquid food especially of meat or fish or vegetable stock often containing pieces of solid food; an unfortunate situation; any composition having a consistency suggestive of soup; verb dope (a racehorse)
Sour cream - artificially soured light cream
Souring - the process of becoming sour
Souse - pork trimmings chopped and pickled and jelled; the act of making something completely wet; a person who drinks alcohol to excess habitually; verb cook in a marinade; become drunk or drink excessively; cover with liquid; pour liquid onto; immerse briefly into a liquid so as to wet, coat, or saturate
South - situated in or facing or moving toward or coming from the south; in a southern direction; any region lying in or toward the south; the region of the United States lying south of the Mason-Dixon line; the cardinal compass point that is at 180 degrees; the southern states that seceded from the United States in 1861
Southeast - situated in or oriented toward the southeast; coming from the southeast; to, toward, or in the southeast; the southeastern region of the United States; the compass point midway between south and east; at 135 degrees
Southern - situated in or coming from regions of the south; in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line; from the south; used especially of wind; situated in or oriented toward the south
Souvlaki - made of lamb
Soy sauce - thin sauce made of fermented soy beans
Soybean meal - meal made from soybeans
Spade - a sturdy hand shovel that can be pushed into the earth with the foot; a playing card in the major suit that has one or more black figures on it; (ethnic slur) extremely offensive name for a Black person; verb dig (up) with a spade
Spain - a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power
Spam - unwanted e-mail (usually of a commercial nature sent out in bulk); a canned meat made largely from pork; verb send unwanted or junk e-mail
Spaniel - any of several breeds of small to medium-sized gun dogs with a long silky coat and long frilled ears
Spar - making the motions of attack and defense with the fists and arms; a part of training for a boxer; a stout rounded pole of wood or metal used to support rigging; any of various nonmetallic minerals (calcite or feldspar) that are light in color and transparent or translucent and cleavable; verb fight verbally; box lightly; fight with spurs; furnish with spars
Spartan - resolute in the face of pain or danger or adversity; of or relating to or characteristic of Sparta or its people; practicing great self-denial; unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgment; a resident of Sparta
Spear thrower - a device resembling a sling that is used in various primitive societies to propel a dart or spear
Spearmint - common garden herb having clusters of small purplish flowers and yielding an oil used as a flavoring
Special K - street names for ketamine
Speedway - a racetrack for racing automobiles or motorcycles; road where high speed driving is allowed
Sperm oil - an animal oil found in the blubber of the sperm whale
Spice Islands - a group of island in eastern Indonesia between Celebes and New Guinea; settled by the Portuguese but taken by the Dutch who made them the center for a spice monopoly, at which time they were known as Spice Islands
Spicery - the property of being seasoned with spice and so highly flavored
Spile - a plug used to close a hole in a barrel or flask; a column of wood or steel or concrete that is driven into the ground to provide support for a structure
Spinach - dark green leaves; eaten cooked or raw in salads; southwestern Asian plant widely cultivated for its succulent edible dark green leaves
Spirits - an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented
Splendour - the quality of being magnificent or splendid or grand; a quality that outshines the usual
Split-pea - dried hulled pea; used in soup
Sponge cake - a light porous cake made with eggs and flour and sugar without shortening
Sport fish - any fish providing sport for the angler
Sprinkles - bits of sweet chocolate used as a topping on e.g. ice cream
Sprite - a small being, human in form, playful and having magical powers
Spruce beer - a brew made by fermenting molasses and other sugars with the sap of spruce trees (sometimes with malt)
Squash - a game played in an enclosed court by two or four players who strike the ball with long-handled rackets; edible fruit of a squash plant; eaten as a vegetable; any of numerous annual trailing plants of the genus Cucurbita grown for their fleshy edible fruits; verb to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition
Squirt - the occurrence of a sudden discharge (as of liquid); someone who is small and insignificant; verb wet with a spurt of liquid; cause to come out in a squirt
St John's wort - any of numerous plants of the genus Hypericum having yellow flowers and transparently dotted leaves; traditionally gathered on St John's eve to ward off evil
Stabiliser - a device for making something stable
Stalinism - a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
Stalking-horse - a horse behind which a hunter hides while stalking game; screen consisting of a figure of a horse behind which a hunter hides while stalking game; a candidate put forward to divide the opposition or to mask the true candidate; something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason
Starch - a complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and rice; an important foodstuff and used otherwise especially in adhesives and as fillers and stiffeners for paper and textiles; verb stiffen with starch
Starvation - the act of depriving of food or subjecting to famine; a state of extreme hunger resulting from lack of essential nutrients over a prolonged period
Stayman - apple grown chiefly in the Shenandoah Valley
Steak sauce - pungent bottled sauce for steak
Steak tartare - ground beef mixed with raw egg and e.g. onions and capers and anchovies; eaten raw
Steakhouse - a restaurant that specializes in steaks
Steaming - filled with steam or emitting moisture in the form of vapor or mist; (used of heat) extremely
Stewart - Scottish philosopher and follower of Thomas Reid (1753-1828); United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)
Stewing - an extreme state of worry and agitation; cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil
Stilton - English blue cheese
Stirrup cup - a farewell drink (especially one offered to a horseman ready to depart); usually alcoholic
Stock symbol - the letters used to identify listed companies on the securities exchanges where they are traded
Stockfish - fish cured by being split and air-dried without salt
Store - a supply of something available for future use; an electronic memory device; a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services; a depository for goods; verb keep or lay aside for future use; find a place for and put away for storage
Stork - large mostly Old World wading birds typically having white-and-black plumage
Storm - a direct and violent assault on a stronghold; a violent weather condition with winds 64-72 knots (11 on the Beaufort scale) and precipitation and thunder and lightening; a violent commotion or disturbance; verb attack by storm; attack suddenly; take by force; blow hard; rain, hail, or snow hard and be very windy, often with thunder or lightning; behave violently, as if in state of a great anger
Stout - euphemisms for `fat'; dependable; having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships; a garment size for a large or heavy person; a strong very dark heavy-bodied ale made from pale malt and roasted unmalted barley and (often) caramel malt with hops
Stranded - with the bottom lodged on a reef or shoal in shallow water; cut off or left behind
Stretching - act of expanding by lengthening or widening; exercise designed to extend the limbs and muscles to their full extent
String cheese - cheese formed in long strings twisted together
Striped bass - marine food and game fish with dark longitudinal stripes; migrates upriver to spawn; sometimes placed in the genus Morone; caught along the Atlantic coast of the United States
Stripes - V-shaped sleeve badge indicating military rank and service
Strudel - thin sheet of filled dough rolled and baked
Stuffing - padding put in mattresses and cushions and upholstered furniture; a mixture of seasoned ingredients used to stuff meats and vegetables
Stunning - strikingly beautiful or attractive; causing or capable of causing bewilderment or shock or insensibility; causing great astonishment and consternation; commanding attention
Subclass - (biology) a taxonomic category below a class and above an order
Substrate - an indigenous language that contributes features to the language of an invading people who impose their language on the indigenous population; any stratum or layer lying underneath another; a surface on which an organism grows or is attached; the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment
Succotash - fresh corn and lima beans with butter or cream
Sucrose - a complex carbohydrate found in many plants and used as a sweetening agent
Sudan - a region of northern Africa south of the Sahara and Libyan deserts; extends from the Atlantic to the Red Sea; a republic in northeastern Africa on the Red Sea; achieved independence from Egypt and the United Kingdom in 1956
Sufism - Islamic mysticism
Sugar beet - white-rooted beet grown as a source of sugar; form of the common beet having a sweet white root from which sugar is obtained
Sugar refinery - a refinery for sugar
Sugar - a white crystalline carbohydrate used as a sweetener and preservative; informal terms for money; an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals; includes simple sugars with small molecules as well as macromolecular substances; are classified according to the number of monosaccharide groups they contain; verb sweeten with sugar
Sugarcane - tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar; juicy canes whose sap is a source of molasses and commercial sugar; fresh canes are sometimes chewed for the juice
Sugarloaf - a large conical loaf of concentrated refined sugar
Sulfur - an abundant tasteless odorless multivalent nonmetallic element; best known in yellow crystals; occurs in many sulphide and sulphate minerals and even in native form (especially in volcanic regions); verb treat with sulphur in order to preserve
Sundowner - a drink taken at sundown; a tramp who habitually arrives at sundown
Sunflower seed - edible seed of sunflowers; used as food and poultry feed and as a source of oil
Sunset - providing for termination; of a declining industry or technology; the daily event of the sun sinking below the horizon; atmospheric phenomena accompanying the daily disappearance of the sun; the time in the evening at which the sun begins to fall below the horizon
Suntan - a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun; verb get a tan from being exposed to the sun
Supermarket - a large self-service grocery store selling groceries and dairy products and household goods
Superorder - (biology) a taxonomic group ranking above an order and below a class or subclass
Supper - a light evening meal; served in early evening if dinner is at midday or served late in the evening at bedtime; a social gathering where a light evening meal is served
Supreme - greatest or maximal in degree; extreme; final or last in your life or progress; highest in excellence or achievement; greatest in status or authority or power
Sura - one of the sections (or chapters) in the Koran; the muscular back part of the shank
Surf fishing - casting (artificial) bait far out into the ocean (up to 200 yards) with the waves breaking around you
Surge - a sudden or abrupt strong increase; a large sea wave; a sudden forceful flow; verb see one's performance improve; rise or heave upward under the influence of a natural force such as a wave; rise or move forward; rise rapidly; rise and move, as in waves or billows
Surpass - verb be or do something to a greater degree; pass by; go beyond; distinguish oneself
Sushi - rice (with raw fish) wrapped in seaweed
Sustainability - the property of being sustainable
Sweating - being wet with perspiration; the process of the sweat glands of the skin secreting a salty fluid
Sweeney Todd - fictional character in a play by George Pitt; a barber who murdered his customers
Sweetbread - edible glands of an animal
Sweetness - the property of tasting as if it contains sugar; the quality of giving pleasure; a pleasingly sweet olfactory property; the taste experience when sugar dissolves in the mouth
Swimming - applied to a fish depicted horizontally; filled or brimming with tears; the act of swimming
Swiss cheese - hard pale yellow cheese with many holes from Switzerland
Swiss steak - steak braised in tomato and onion mixture
Swizzle stick - a small stick used to stir mixed drinks
Swordfish - large toothless marine food fish with a long swordlike upper jaw; not completely cold-blooded i.e. they are able to warm their brains and eyes: worldwide in warm waters but feed on cold ocean floor coming to surface at night; flesh of swordfish usually served as steaks
Syllabub - sweetened cream beaten with wine or liquor; spiced hot milk with rum or wine
Symphony - a long and complex sonata for symphony orchestra; a large orchestra; can perform symphonies
Symposium - a meeting or conference for the public discussion of some topic especially one in which the participants form an audience and make presentations
Syrup - a thick sweet sticky liquid
TV channel - a television station and its programs
TV dinner - a meal that is prepared in advance and frozen; can be heated and served
Tabbouleh - a finely chopped salad with tomatoes and parsley and mint and scallions and bulgur wheat
Table service - tableware consisting of a complete set of articles (silver or dishware) for use at table
Tablecloth - a covering spread over a dining table
Tableware - articles for use at the table (dishes and silverware and glassware)
Tackle - (American football) grasping an opposing player with the intention of stopping by throwing to the ground; a position on the line of scrimmage; the person who plays that position on a football team; gear used in fishing; gear consisting of ropes etc. supporting a ship's masts and sails; verb seize and throw down an opponent player, who usually carries the ball; put a harness; accept as a challenge
Taco - a tortilla rolled cupped around a filling; offensive terms for a person of Mexican descent
Tagetes erecta - a stout branching annual with large yellow to orange flower heads; Mexico and Central America
Tahini - a thick Middle Eastern paste made from ground sesame seeds
Tallahassee - capital of the state of Florida; located in northern Florida
Tallow - obtained from suet and used in making soap, candles and lubricants
Tamale - corn and cornmeal dough stuffed with a meat mixture then wrapped in corn husks and steamed; a city in northern Ghana
Tankard - large drinking vessel with one handle
Tannin - any of various complex phenolic substances of plant origin; used in tanning and in medicine
Tap water - water directly from the spigot
Tapa - a paperlike cloth made in the South Pacific by pounding tapa bark; the thin fibrous bark of the paper mulberry and Pipturus albidus
Tapenade - a spread consisting of capers and black olives and anchovies made into a puree with olive oil
Tartar sauce - mayonnaise with chopped pickles and sometimes capers and shallots and parsley and hard-cooked egg; sauce for seafood especially fried fish
Tasse - one of two pieces of armor plate hanging from the fauld to protect the upper thighs
Taste bud - an oval sensory end organ on the surface of the tongue
Tasty - pleasing to the sense of taste
Tate - United States poet and critic (1899-1979)
Tatum - United States jazz pianist who was almost completely blind; his innovations influenced many other jazz musicians (1910-1956); United States biochemist who discovered how genes act by regulating definite chemical events (1909-1975)
Taurine - of or relating to or resembling a bull; a colorless crystalline substance obtained from the bile of mammals
Taxi - a car driven by a person whose job is to take passengers where they want to go in exchange for money; verb travel slowly; ride in a taxicab
Taxidermy - the art of mounting the skins of animals so that they have lifelike appearance
Taylor - 12th President of the United States; died in office (1784-1850); United States film actress (born in England) who was a childhood star; as an adult she often co-starred with Richard Burton (born in 1932); United States composer and music critic (1885-1966)
Tea garden - a public garden where tea is served
Tea party - a party at which tea is served
Tea - a light midafternoon meal of tea and sandwiches or cakes; dried leaves of the tea shrub; used to make tea; a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water; a reception or party at which tea is served; a tropical evergreen shrub or small tree extensively cultivated in e.g. China and Japan and India; source of tea leaves
Teahouse - a restaurant where tea and light meals are available
Technology - the practical application of science to commerce or industry; the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems
Tempera - pigment mixed with water-soluble glutinous materials such as size and egg yolk
Template - a model or standard for making comparisons
Tenderloin - the tender meat of the loin muscle on each side of the vertebral column; a city district known for its vice and high crime rate
Terefah - not conforming to dietary laws
Teriyaki - beef or chicken or seafood marinated in spicy soy sauce and grilled or broiled
Terrier - any of several usually small short-bodied breeds originally trained to hunt animals living underground
Terrine - a pate or fancy meatloaf baked in an earthenware casserole
Tetrazzini - a pasta dish with cream sauce and mushrooms
Texas - the second largest state; located in southwestern United States on the Gulf of Mexico
Thanksgiving - fourth Thursday in November in the United States; second Monday in October in Canada; commemorates a feast held in 1621 by the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag; a short prayer of thanks before a meal
Thermidor - eleventh month of the Revolutionary calendar (July and August); the month of heat
Thiamine - a B vitamin that prevents beriberi; maintains appetite and growth
Thirst - a physiological need to drink; strong desire for something (not food or drink); verb feel the need to drink; have a craving, appetite, or great desire for
Thomas - the Apostle who would not believe the resurrection of Jesus until he saw Jesus with his own eyes; Welsh poet (1914-1953); a radio broadcast journalist during World War I and World War II noted for his nightly new broadcast (1892-1981); United States socialist who was a candidate for president six times (1884-1968); United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)
Threshing - the separation of grain or seeds from the husks and straw
Thyme - leaves can be used as seasoning for almost any meat and stews and stuffings and vegetables; any of various mints of the genus Thymus
Thymol - a colorless crystalline solid used in perfume or preserving biological specimens or in embalming or medically as a fungicide or antiseptic
Tiffin - a midday meal
Timbale - small pastry shell for creamy mixtures of minced foods; individual serving of minced e.g. meat or fish in a rich creamy sauce baked in a small pastry mold or timbale shell
Ting - a light clear metallic sound as of a small bell; verb make a light, metallic sound; go `ting'; cause to make a ting
Tip-Top - to the highest extent
Tipsy cake - a trifle soaked in wine and decorated with almonds and candied fruit
Toast - slices of bread that have been toasted; a celebrity who receives much acclaim and attention; a drink in honor of or to the health of a person or event; a person in desperate straits; someone doomed; verb propose a toast to; make brown and crisp by heating
Toasting - cooking to a brown crispiness over a fire or on a grill
Tocopherol - a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body
Toddy - a mixed drink made of liquor and water with sugar and spices and served hot
Tofu - cheeselike food made of curdled soybean milk
Tom Thumb - a very small person; an imaginary hero of English folklore who was no taller than his father's thumb
Tom and Jerry - hot rum toddy with a beaten egg
Tomalley - edible greenish substance in boiled lobster
Tomato paste - thick concentrated tomato puree
Tomato sauce - sauce made with a puree of tomatoes (or strained tomatoes) with savory vegetables and other seasonings; can be used on pasta
Tomato - mildly acid red or yellow pulpy fruit eaten as a vegetable; native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties
Topaz - a mineral (fluosilicate of aluminum) that occurs in crystals of various colors and is used as a gemstone; a yellow quartz; a light brown the color of topaz
Toque - a tall white hat with a pouched crown; worn by chefs; a small round woman's hat
Toronto - the provincial capital and largest city in Ontario (and the largest city in Canada)
Tortellini - small ring-shaped stuffed pasta
Tortilla chip - a small piece of tortilla
Tostada - a crisp flat tortilla; a flat tortilla with various fillings piled on it
Total - constituting the full quantity or extent; complete; complete in extent or degree and in every particular; without conditions or limitations; including everything; the whole amount; a quantity obtained by the addition of a group of numbers; verb damage beyond the point of repair; determine the sum of; add up in number or quantity
Town - the people living in a municipality smaller than a city; an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city; an administrative division of a county
Trace element - an element that occurs at very small quantities in the body but is nonetheless important for many biological processes
Tracker - someone who tracks down game
Tracking - the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind
Tragacanth - a gum used in pharmacy, adhesives, and textile printing
Transferase - any of various enzymes that move a chemical group from one compound to another compound
Trapping - stable gear consisting of a decorated covering for a horse, especially (formerly) for a warhorse
Tray - an open receptacle for holding or displaying or serving articles or food
Treacle - an expression that is excessively sweet and sentimental; a pale cane syrup
Trichinosis - infestation by trichina larvae that are transmitted by eating inadequately cooked meat (especially pork); larvae migrate from the intestinal tract to the muscles where they become encysted
Trifle - sponge cake spread with jam and soaked in wine; served with a custard sauce; something of small importance; a detail that is considered insignificant; verb consider not very seriously; act frivolously; waste time; spend one's time idly or inefficiently
Triple - having three units or components or elements; three times as great or many; a base hit at which the batter stops safely at third base; a quantity that is three times as great as another; a set of three similar things considered as a unit; verb increase threefold; hit a three-base hit
Trolling - angling by drawing a baited line through the water
Trowel - a small hand tool with a handle and flat metal blade; used for scooping or spreading plaster or similar materials; verb use a trowel on; for light garden work or plaster work
Truffle - creamy chocolate candy; edible subterranean fungus of the genus Tuber; any of various highly prized edible subterranean fungi of the genus Tuber; grow naturally in southwestern Europe
Trypsin - an enzyme of pancreatic origin; catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins to smaller polypeptide units
Tryptophan - an amino acid that occurs in proteins; is essential for growth and normal metabolism; a precursor of niacin
Tuna salad - salad composed primarily of chopped canned tuna fish
Turkey trot - an early ragtime one-step
Turkish coffee - drink made from pulverized coffee beans; usually sweetened
Turkish - of or relating to or characteristic of Turkey or its people or language; a Turkic language spoken by the Turks
Turmeric - ground dried rhizome of the turmeric plant used as seasoning; widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye
Turnover - a dish made by folding a piece of pastry over a filling; the act of upsetting something; the volume measured in dollars; the ratio of the number of workers that had to be replaced in a given time period to the average number of workers
Twister - small friedcake formed into twisted strips and fried; richer than doughnuts; a localized and violently destructive windstorm occurring over land characterized by a funnel-shaped cloud extending toward the ground
Tyson - United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion (born in 1966)
Ulex - genus of Eurasian spiny shrubs: gorse
Uncle Sam - a personification of the United States government
Underweight - being very thin
United Kingdom - a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland
United States - North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776; the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States
United - characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity; of or relating to two people who are married to each other; involving the joint activity of two or more
Unofficial - not having official authority or sanction; not officially established
Unwrapped - not yet wrapped or having the wrapping removed
Upper - higher in place or position; superior in rank or accomplishment; the topmost one of two; piece of leather or synthetic material that forms the part of a shoe or boot above the sole that encases the foot; a central nervous system stimulant that increases energy and decreases appetite; used to treat narcolepsy and some forms of depression; the higher of two berths
Urtica - a nettle yielding fiber resembling flax
Uzbek - the Turkic language spoken by the Uzbek; a member of a Turkic people of Uzbekistan and neighboring areas; a landlocked republic in west central Asia; formerly an Asian soviet
Vagus nerve - a mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal viscera
Vanillin - a crystalline compound found in vanilla beans and some balsam resins; used in perfumes and flavorings
Vegetable - of the nature of or characteristic of or derived from plants; edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant; any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower
Vegetarianism - a diet excluding all meat and fish
Velveeta - trademark: soft processed American cheese
Vermeer - Dutch painter renowned for his use of light (1632-1675)
Vermin - any of various small animals or insects that are pests; e.g. cockroaches or rats; an irritating or obnoxious person
Vermont - a state in New England
Verpa bohemica - resembles a thimble on a finger; the surface of the fertile portion is folded into wrinkles that extend from the top down; fruiting begins in spring before the leaves are out on the trees
Victory garden - a kitchen garden planted during wartime to relieve food shortages
Victualler - a supplier of victuals or supplies to an army; an innkeeper (especially British)
Vietnam - a communist state in Indochina on the South China Sea; achieved independence from France in 1945; a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States
Vigor - active strength of body or mind; an imaginative lively style (especially style of writing); forceful exertion
Vinaigrette - oil and vinegar with mustard and garlic
Vinegar - sour-tasting liquid produced usually by oxidation of the alcohol in wine or cider and used as a condiment or food preservative; dilute acetic acid
Vintner - someone who makes wine; someone who sells wine
Virgin - being used or worked for the first time; in a state of sexual virginity; a person who has never had sex; the sixth sign of the zodiac; the sun is in this sign from about August 23 to September 22; (astrology) a person who is born while the sun is in Virgo
Viscount - a British peer who ranks below an earl and above a baron; (in various countries) a son or younger brother or a count
Vitalism - (philosophy) a doctrine that life is a vital principle distinct from physics and chemistry
Vitamin A - any of several fat-soluble vitamins essential for normal vision; prevents night blindness or inflammation or dryness of the eyes
Vitamin C - a vitamin found in fresh fruits (especially citrus fruits) and vegetables; prevents scurvy
Vitamin E - a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body
Vitamin - any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism
Viva - an examination conducted by word of mouth
Vol-au-vent - puff paste shell filled with a savory meat mixture usually with a sauce
Volcano - a mountain formed by volcanic material; a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt
Volcanology - the branch of geology that studies volcanoes
Volvariella - an important genus of mushrooms in the Orient
Waist - the narrowing of the body between the ribs and hips; the narrow part of the shoe connecting the heel and the wide part of the sole
Waiter - a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant); a person who waits or awaits
Waiting - being and remaining ready and available for use; the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)
Waldorf salad - typically made of apples and celery with nuts or raisins and dressed with mayonnaise
Wales - one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; during Roman times the region was known as Cambria
Walking - close enough to be walked to; the act of traveling by foot
Walleye - pike-like freshwater perches; strabismus in which one or both eyes are directed outward
Walnut - nut of any of various walnut trees having a wrinkled two-lobed seed with a hard shell; any of various trees of the genus Juglans; hard dark-brown wood of any of various walnut trees; used especially for furniture and paneling
Wasabi - the thick green root of the wasabi plant that the Japanese use in cooking and that tastes like strong horseradish; in powder or paste form it is often eaten with raw fish; a Japanese plant of the family Cruciferae with a thick green root
Wassail - a punch made of sweetened ale or wine heated with spices and roasted apples; especially at Christmas; verb propose a toast to; celebrate noisily, often indulging in drinking; engage in uproarious festivities
Water biscuit - a thin flour-and-water biscuit usually made without shortening; often served with cheese
Water dog - a dog accustomed to water and usually trained to retrieve waterfowl; a person who enjoys being in or on the water
Watering can - a container with a handle and a spout with a perforated nozzle; used to sprinkle water over plants
Waterloo - the battle on 18 June 1815 in which Prussian and British forces under Blucher and the Duke of Wellington routed the French forces under Napoleon; a final crushing defeat; a town in central Belgium where in 1815 Napoleon met his final defeat
Watermelon - large oblong or roundish melon with a hard green rind and sweet watery red or occasionally yellowish pulp; an African melon
Wealthy - having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value
Weaning - the act of substituting other food for the mother's milk in the diet of a child or young mammal
Wedding cake - a rich cake with two or more tiers and covered with frosting and decorations; served at a wedding reception
Wednesday - the fourth day of the week; the third working day
Weeder - a hand tool for removing weeds; a farmhand hired to remove weeds
Welterweight - a professional boxer who weighs between 141 and 147 pounds; a wrestler who weighs 154-172 pounds; an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 148 pounds; a weight of 28 pounds; sometimes imposed as a handicap in a horse race (such as a steeple chase or hurdle race)
West Yorkshire - a metropolitan county in northern England
Western - lying toward or situated in the west; relating to or characteristic of regions of western parts of the world; of or characteristic of regions of the United States west of the Mississippi River; of wind; from the west; lying in or toward the west; a film about life in the western United States during the period of exploration and development; a sandwich made from a western omelet
Whale oil - a white to brown oil obtained from whale blubber; formerly used as an illuminant
Wheat berry - a grain of wheat; grains of common wheat; sometimes cooked whole or cracked as cereal; usually ground into flour
Wheat gluten - gluten prepared from wheat
Wheatgrass - a grass of the genus Agropyron
Wheelbarrow - a cart for carrying small loads; has handles and one or more wheels; verb transport in a wheelbarrow
Whey - watery part of milk produced when raw milk sours and coagulates; the serum or watery part of milk that is separated from the curd in making cheese
Whipped cream - cream that has been beaten until light and fluffy
White Heat - the hotness of something heated until it turns white
White Russian - a cocktail made with vodka, coffee liqueur, and milk or cream; the Slavic language spoken in Belarus; a native or inhabitant of Byelorussia
White meat - meat carved from the breast of a fowl
Whitebait - the edible young of especially herrings and sprats and smelts; minnows or other small fresh- or saltwater fish (especially herring); usually cooked whole
Whitefish - silvery herring-like freshwater food fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere; flesh of salmon- or trout-like cold-water fish of cold lakes of the northern hemisphere; any market fish--edible saltwater fish or shellfish--except herring
Windbreak - hedge or fence of trees designed to lessen the force of the wind and reduce erosion
Window box - a long narrow box for growing plants on a windowsill
Wine tasting - a gathering of people to taste and compare different wines
Wine - a red as dark as red wine; fermented juice (of grapes especially); verb treat to wine; drink wine
Winemaker - someone who makes wine
Winemaking - the craft and science of growing grapes and making wine
Winesap - crisp apple with dark red skin
Wink - closing one eye quickly as a signal; a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly; a very short time (as the time it takes the eye blink or the heart to beat); verb signal by winking; force to go away by blinking; briefly shut the eyes; gleam or glow intermittently
Wolff - German anatomist (1733-1794)
Woodcock - game bird of the sandpiper family that resembles a snipe
Woodruff - any plant of the genus Asperula; Old World fragrant stoloniferous perennial having small white flowers and narrow leaves used as flavoring and in sachets; widely cultivated as a ground cover; in some classifications placed in genus Asperula
Wort - unfermented or fermenting malt; usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'
Wrap - cloak that is folded or wrapped around a person; a sandwich in which the filling is rolled up in a soft tortilla; the covering (usually paper or cellophane) in which something is wrapped; verb arrange or fold as a cover or protection; wrap or coil around; enclose or enfold completely with or as if with a covering
Xanthosis - an abnormal yellow discoloration of the skin
Xiphias - type genus of the Xiphiidae
Yeast - any of various single-celled fungi that reproduce asexually by budding or division; a commercial leavening agent containing yeast cells; used to raise the dough in making bread and for fermenting beer or whiskey
Yelp - a sharp high-pitched cry (especially by a dog); verb bark in a high-pitched tone
Yoga - a system of exercises practiced as part of the Hindu discipline to promote control of the body and mind; Hindu discipline aimed at training the consciousness for a state of perfect spiritual insight and tranquility that is achieved through the three paths of actions and knowledge and devotion
Yogic - of or relating to yoga
Yogurt - a custard-like food made from curdled milk
Yom Kippur - (Judaism) a solemn and major fast day on the Jewish calendar; 10th of Tishri; its observance is one of the requirements of the Mosaic law
Zarf - an ornamental metal cup-shaped holder for a hot coffee cup
Zest - a tart spicy quality; vigorous and enthusiastic enjoyment; verb add herbs or spices to
Zinc - a bluish-white lustrous metallic element; brittle at ordinary temperatures but malleable when heated; used in a wide variety of alloys and in galvanizing iron; it occurs as zinc sulphide in zinc blende; verb coat or cover with zinc
Zingiber - tropical Asiatic and Polynesian perennial plants: ginger
activist - advocating or engaged in activism; a militant reformer
actor - a theatrical performer; a person who acts and gets things done
advertisement - a public promotion of some product or service
agronomist - an expert in soil management and field-crop production
alcohol - a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent; any of a series of volatile hydroxyl compounds that are made from hydrocarbons by distillation
anti - not in favor of (an action or proposal etc.); a person who is opposed (to an action or policy or practice etc.)
appetizer - food or drink to stimulate the appetite (usually served before a meal or as the first course)
artist - a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination
author - someone who originates or causes or initiates something; writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay); verb be the author of
batter - a flour mixture thin enough to pour or drop from a spoon; (baseball) a ballplayer who is batting; verb make a dent or impression in; strike violently and repeatedly; strike against forcefully
beekeeping - the cultivation of bees on a commercial scale for the production of honey
beverage - any liquid suitable for drinking
biochemist - someone with special training in biochemistry
biology - the science that studies living organisms; characteristic life processes and phenomena of living organisms; all the plant and animal life of a particular region
bitterness - a rough and bitter manner; the property of having a harsh unpleasant taste; the taste experience when quinine or coffee is taken into the mouth; a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will
bivalve - used of mollusks having two shells (as clams etc.); marine or freshwater mollusks having a soft body with platelike gills enclosed within two shells hinged together
bottled water - drinking water (often spring water) that is put into bottles and offered for sale
boxing - fighting with the fists; the enclosure of something in a package or box
brewer - the owner or manager of a brewery; someone who brews beer or ale from malt and hops and water
broadcaster - a mechanical device for scattering something (seed or fertilizer or sand etc.) in all directions; someone who broadcasts on radio or television
businessman - a person engaged in commercial or industrial business (especially an owner or executive)
butler - a manservant (usually the head servant of a household) who has charge of wines and the table; English poet (1612-1680); English novelist who described a fictitious land he called Erewhon (1835-1902)
caffer - an offensive term for any Black African
candy - a rich sweet made of flavored sugar and often combined with fruit or nuts; verb coat with something sweet, such as a hard sugar glaze
cask - the quantity a cask will hold; a cylindrical container that holds liquids
cat food - food prepared for cats
cereal - made of grain or relating to grain or the plants that produce it; a breakfast food prepared from grain; grass whose starchy grains are used as food: wheat; rice; rye; oats; maize; buckwheat; millet; foodstuff prepared from the starchy grains of cereal grasses
charity - an activity or gift that benefits the public at large; a kindly and lenient attitude toward people; an institution set up to provide help to the needy; a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals); pinnate-leaved European perennial having bright blue or white flowers
chemistry - the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions; the way two individuals relate to each other
cocktail - an appetizer served as a first course at a meal; a short mixed drink
coconut milk - clear to whitish fluid from within a fresh coconut; white liquid obtained from compressing fresh coconut meat
coffee - a beverage consisting of an infusion of ground coffee beans; any of several small trees and shrubs native to the tropical Old World yielding coffee beans; a medium brown to dark-brown color; a seed of the coffee tree; ground to make coffee
colonist - a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country
condenser - lens used to concentrate light on an object; a hollow coil that condenses by abstracting heat; an apparatus that converts vapor into liquid; an electrical device characterized by its capacity to store an electric charge
confection - the act of creating something (a medicine or drink or soup etc.) by compounding or mixing a variety of components; a food rich in sugar; verb make into a confection
cookery - the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat
cooking oil - any of numerous vegetable oils used in cooking
cornmeal - coarsely ground corn
cruise ship - a passenger ship used commercially for pleasure cruises
culinary - of or relating to or used in cooking
cultivation - (agriculture) production of food by preparing the land to grow crops; socialization through training and education; a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality
density - the amount per unit size; the spatial property of being crowded together
description - sort or variety; a statement that represents something in words; the act of describing something
dessert - a dish served as the last course of a meal
digestion - learning and coming to understand ideas and information; the organic process by which food is converted into substances that can be absorbed into the body; the process of decomposing organic matter (as in sewage) by bacteria or by chemical action or heat
disease - an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
disorder - a disturbance of the peace or of public order; condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning; a condition in which things are not in their expected places; verb bring disorder to; disturb in mind or make uneasy or cause to be worried or alarmed
documentary - relating to or consisting of or derived from documents; emphasizing or expressing things as perceived without distortion of personal feelings, insertion of fictional matter, or interpretation; a film or TV program presenting the facts about a person or event
dog food - food prepared for dogs
ecology - the branch of biology concerned with the relations between organisms and their environment; the environment as it relates to living organisms
engineer - a person who uses scientific knowledge to solve practical problems; the operator of a railway locomotive; verb design as an engineer; plan and direct (a complex undertaking)
entrepreneur - someone who organizes a business venture and assumes the risk for it
event - something that happens at a given place and time; a phenomenon located at a single point in space-time; the fundamental observational entity in relativity theory; a special set of circumstances; a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon
explorer - someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose); a commercial browser
feast - something experienced with great delight; an elaborate party (often outdoors); a meal that is well prepared and greatly enjoyed; a ceremonial dinner party for many people; verb partake in a feast or banquet; provide a feast or banquet for; gratify
feature - an article of merchandise that is displayed or advertised more than other articles; the characteristic parts of a person's face: eyes and nose and mouth and chin; a prominent aspect of something; a special or prominent article in a newspaper or magazine; the principal (full-length) film in a program at a movie theater; verb have as a feature; wear or display in an ostentatious or proud manner
fermentation - a process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol; a state of agitation or turbulent change or development
flavour - the taste experience when a savoury condiment is taken into the mouth; (physics) the six kinds of quarks; the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people; verb lend flavor to
food company - a company that processes and sells food
food product - a substance that can be used or prepared for use as food
fruit - the consequence of some effort or action; the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant; an amount of a product; verb bear fruit; cause to bear fruit
gardener - someone who takes care of a garden; someone employed to work in a garden
gardening - the cultivation of plants
garnish - any decoration added as a trimming or adornment; something (such as parsley) added to a dish for flavor or decoration; verb decorate (food), as with parsley or other ornamental foods; take a debtor's wages on legal orders, such as for child support
granola bar - cookie bar made of granola
hand tool - a tool used with workers' hands
hide - body covering of a living animal; the dressed skin of an animal (especially a large animal); verb prevent from being seen or discovered; be or go into hiding; keep out of sight, as for protection and safety; make undecipherable or imperceptible by obscuring or concealing; cover as if with a shroud
honor - a woman's virtue or chastity; the quality of being honorable and having a good name; the state of being honored; a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction; verb accept as pay; bestow honor or rewards upon; show respect towards
hotelier - an owner or manager of hotels
hydrology - the branch of geology that studies water on the earth and in the atmosphere: its distribution and uses and conservation
industrialist - someone who manages or has significant financial interest in an industrial enterprise
instrumental - relating to or designed for or performed on musical instruments; serving or acting as a means or aid
inventor - someone who is the first to think of or make something
journal - the part of the axle contained by a bearing; a record book as a physical object; a periodical dedicated to a particular subject; a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations; a ledger in which transactions have been recorded as they occurred
juice - any of several liquids of the body; the liquid part that can be extracted from plant or animal tissue; electric current; energetic vitality
lactate - a salt or ester of lactic acid; verb give suck to
list - a database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics); the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the vertical; verb give or make a list of; name individually; give the names of; tilt to one side; cause to lean to the side; include in a list; enumerate
lollipop - hard candy on a stick; ice cream or water ice on a small wooden stick
mayor - the head of a city government
meal - coarsely ground foodstuff; especially seeds of various cereal grasses or pulse; the food served and eaten at one time; any of the occasions for eating food that occur by custom or habit at more or less fixed times
medicine - the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries; (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease; the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques; punishment for one's actions; verb treat medicinally, treat with medicine
metalwork - the metal parts of something; the activity of making things out of metal in a skillful manner
milk - produced by mammary glands of female mammals for feeding their young; a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings; any of several nutritive milklike liquids; a river that rises in the Rockies in northwestern Montana and flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River; verb take milk from female mammals; add milk to; exploit as much as possible
missile - a rocket carrying a warhead of conventional or nuclear explosives; may be ballistic or directed by remote control; a weapon that is forcibly thrown or projected at a targets but is not self-propelled
mistress - a woman master who directs the work of others; an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man; a woman schoolteacher (especially one regarded as strict)
mocha - superior dark coffee made from beans from Arabia; flavoring made from mixed coffee and chocolate; soft suede glove leather from goatskin
monk - a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work; United States jazz pianist who was one of the founders of the bebop style (1917-1982)
muesli - mixture of untoasted dry cereals and fruits
musician - artist who composes or conducts music as a profession; someone who plays a musical instrument (as a profession)
muskmelon - the fruit of a muskmelon vine; any of several sweet melons related to cucumbers; any of several varieties of vine whose fruit has a netted rind and edible flesh and a musky smell
naturalist - a biologist knowledgeable about natural history (especially botany and zoology); an advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms
nervous system - the sensory and control apparatus consisting of a network of nerve cells
office - a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities; place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed; professional or clerical workers in an office; (of a government or government official) holding an office means being in power; a job in an organization; the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; an administrative unit of government
on Earth - used with question words to convey surprise
outbreak - a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence (usually of some undesirable condition)
painting - the occupation of a house painter; the act of applying paint to a surface; creating a picture with paints; graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface
pasta - shaped and dried dough made from flour and water and sometimes egg; a dish that contains pasta as its main ingredient
performer - an entertainer who performs a dramatic or musical work for an audience
pet-food - food prepared for animal pets
physician - a licensed medical practitioner
physiology - processes and functions of an organism; the branch of the biological sciences dealing with the functioning of organisms
poet - a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)
politician - a person active in party politics; a leader engaged in civil administration; a schemer who tries to gain advantage in an organization in sly or underhanded ways
politics - the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs; the study of government of states and other political units; the opinion you hold with respect to political questions; social relations involving authority or power
prayer - the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving); a fixed text used in praying; reverent petition to a deity; someone who prays to God; earnest or urgent request
presenter - an advocate who presents a person (as for an award or a degree or an introduction etc.); someone who presents a message of some sort (as a petition or an address or a check or a memorial etc.); person who makes a gift of property
profession - an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences); affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith; an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion; the body of people in a learned occupation
referee - (sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play; an attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a case; someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication; verb evaluate professionally a colleague's work; be a referee or umpire in a sports competition
restaurateur - the proprietor of a restaurant
scientist - a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences
senior - used of the fourth and final year in United States high school or college; older; higher in rank; longer in length of tenure or service; advanced in years; (`aged' is proced as two syllables); an undergraduate student during the year preceding graduation; a person who is older than you are
sept - people descended from a common ancestor; the month following August and preceding October
ship - a vessel that carries passengers or freight; verb place on board a ship; travel by ship; hire for work on a ship; transport commercially; go on board
singer - a person who sings; United States writer (born in Poland) of Yiddish stories and novels (1904-1991); United States inventor of an improved chain-stitch sewing machine (1811-1875)
slave - held in servitude; a person who is owned by someone; someone who works as hard as a slave; someone entirely dominated by some influence or person; verb work very hard, like a slave
snack - a light informal meal; verb eat a snack; eat lightly
soft drink - nonalcoholic beverage (usually carbonated)
song - the act of singing; a short musical composition with words; a distinctive or characteristic sound; a very small sum; the characteristic sound produced by a bird; the imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy
soundtrack - sound recording on a narrow strip of a motion picture film
species - a specific kind of something; (biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed
stew - food prepared by stewing especially meat or fish with vegetables; agitation resulting from active worry; verb cook slowly and for a long time in liquid; bear a grudge; harbor ill feelings; be in a huff; be silent or sullen
structure - a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts; the manner of construction of something and the arrangement of its parts; a particular complex anatomical part; the complex composition of knowledge as elements and their combinations; the people in a society considered as a system organized by a characteristic pattern of relationships; verb give a structure to
subculture - a social group within a national culture that has distinctive patterns of behavior and beliefs
supplement - a quantity added (e.g. to make up for a deficiency); a supplementary component that improves capability; textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end; verb add as a supplement to what seems insufficient; serve as a supplement to; add to the very end
tool - an implement used in the practice of a vocation; the means whereby some act is accomplished; obscene terms for penis; a person who is controlled by others and is used to perform unpleasant or dishonest tasks for someone else; verb work with a tool; drive; furnish with tools; ride in a car with no particular goal and just for the pleasure of it
tortilla - thin unleavened pancake made from cornmeal or wheat flour
traditional - consisting of or derived from tradition; pertaining to time-honored orthodox doctrines
unit - a single undivided whole; an organization regarded as part of a larger social group; a single undivided natural thing occurring in the composition of something else; an individual or group or structure or other entity regarded as a structural or functional constituent of a whole; an assemblage of parts that is regarded as a single entity; any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange
viticulturist - a cultivator of grape vine
vodka - unaged colorless liquor originating in Russia
weapon - any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting; a means of persuading or arguing
weaponry - weapons considered collectively
wine merchant - someone who sells wine
writer - writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay); a person who is able to write and has written something

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