(Redirected from Marzine )
Cyclizine and chlorcyclizine are first generation antihistamines that are used largely to treat or prevent motion sickness and nausea.
Liver safety of Cyclizine [ edit source ]
Cyclizine has been linked to very rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.
Mechanism of action of Cyclizine [ edit source ]
Cyclizine (sye' kli zeen) and chlorcyclizine (klor sye' kli zeen) are first generation antihistamines and antiemetics that belong to the piperazine class of these agents (with hydroxyzine and meclizine). Cyclizine and chlorcyclizine are most commonly used to treat the symptoms of nausea, vomiting and dizziness associated with motion sickness. However, they are also used to review symptoms of allergic rhinitis and the common cold, particularly in combination with sympathomimetic agents such as phenylephrine.
FDA approval information for Cyclizine [ edit source ]
Cyclizine was first approved for use in the United States in 1966. It is still widely used and is available as tablets or capsules of 25 mg in multiple generic forms and under the trade name Cyclivert and Bonine in both prescription and nonprescription forms.
Dosage and administration for Cyclizine [ edit source ]
The typical dose is 1 or 2 tablets one hour before travel. Chlorcyclizine is used in a similar dose regimen. Both cyclizine and chlorcyclizine are also available as chewable tablets and in oral liquid formulations as well as combinations with sympathomimetic agents (pseudoephedrine) for the treatment of symptoms of the common cold and nasal congestion.
Side effects of Cyclizine [ edit source ]
Common side effects include sedation, impairment of motor function, confusion, dizziness , blurred vision, dry mouth and throat, palpitations, tachycardia, abdominal distress, constipation and headache . Antihistamines can worsen urinary retention and glaucoma .
First Generation Antihistamines
Second Generation Antihistamines
Psychedelics (5-HT2A agonists)
Benzofurans Lyserg‐ amides Phenethyl‐ amines
2C-x 25x -NBx
25x -NB3OMe 25x -NB4OMe 25x -NBF 25x -NBMD 25x -NBOH 25x -NBOMe Atypical structures
3C-x 4C-x DOx HOT-x MDxx Mescaline (subst.) TMAs
TMA
TMA-2
TMA-3
TMA-4
TMA-5
TMA-6
Others
Piperazines Tryptamines
alpha -alkyltryptaminesx -DALT x -DET x -DiPT x -DMT
4,5-DHP-DMT
2,N,N-TMT
4-AcO-DMT
4-HO-5-MeO-DMT
4,N,N-TMT
4-Propionyloxy-DMT
5,6-diBr-DMT
5-AcO-DMT
5-Bromo-DMT
5-MeO-2,N ,N -TMT
5-MeO-4,N ,N -TMT
5-MeO-α,N,N-TMT
5-MeO-DMT
5-N ,N -TMT
7,N,N-TMT
α,N,N-TMT
(Bufotenin) 5-HO-DMT
DMT
Norbaeocystin
(Psilocin) 4-HO-DMT
(Psilocybin) 4-PO-DMT
x -DPT Ibogaine-related x -MET x -MiPT Others
Others
Dissociatives (NMDAR antagonists )
Deliriants (mAChR antagonists ) Others
mAChRs
Agonists Antagonists
3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate
4-DAMP
Aclidinium bromide (+formoterol )
Abediterol
AF-DX 250
AF-DX 384
Ambutonium bromide
Anisodamine
Anisodine
Antihistamines (first-generation) (e.g., brompheniramine , buclizine , captodiame , chlorphenamine (chlorpheniramine) , cinnarizine , clemastine , cyproheptadine , dimenhydrinate , dimetindene , diphenhydramine , doxylamine , meclizine , mepyramine (pyrilamine) , mequitazine , perlapine , phenindamine , pheniramine , phenyltoloxamine , promethazine , propiomazine , triprolidine )
AQ-RA 741
Atropine
Atropine methonitrate
Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine , fluperlapine , olanzapine (+fluoxetine ), rilapine , quetiapine , tenilapine , zotepine )
Benactyzine
Benzatropine (benztropine)
Benzilone
Benzilylcholine mustard
Benzydamine
BIBN 99
Biperiden
Bornaprine
Camylofin
CAR-226,086
CAR-301,060
CAR-302,196
CAR-302,282
CAR-302,368
CAR-302,537
CAR-302,668
Caramiphen
Cimetropium bromide
Clidinium bromide
Cloperastine
CS-27349
Cyclobenzaprine
Cyclopentolate
Darifenacin
DAU-5884
Desfesoterodine
Dexetimide
DIBD
Dicycloverine (dicyclomine)
Dihexyverine
Difemerine
Diphemanil metilsulfate
Ditran
Drofenine
EA-3167
EA-3443
EA-3580
EA-3834
Emepronium bromide
Etanautine
Etybenzatropine (ethybenztropine)
Fenpiverinium
Fentonium bromide
Fesoterodine
Flavoxate
Glycopyrronium bromide (+beclometasone/formoterol , +indacaterol )
Hexahydrodifenidol
Hexahydrosiladifenidol
Hexbutinol
Hexocyclium
Himbacine
HL-031,120
Homatropine
Imidafenacin
Ipratropium bromide (+salbutamol )
Isopropamide
J-104,129
Hyoscyamine
Mamba toxin 3
Mamba toxin 7
Mazaticol
Mebeverine
Meladrazine
Mepenzolate
Methantheline
Methoctramine
Methylatropine
Methylhomatropine
Methylscopolamine
Metixene
Muscarinic toxin 7
N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
Nefopam
Octatropine methylbromide (anisotropine methylbromide)
Orphenadrine
Otenzepad (AF-DX 116)
Otilonium bromide
Oxapium iodide
Oxitropium bromide
Oxybutynin
Oxyphencyclimine
Oxyphenonium bromide
PBID
PD-102,807
PD-0298029
Penthienate
Pethidine
pFHHSiD
Phenglutarimide
Phenyltoloxamine
Pipenzolate bromide
Piperidolate
Pirenzepine
Piroheptine
Pizotifen
Poldine
Pridinol
Prifinium bromide
Procyclidine
Profenamine (ethopropazine)
Propantheline bromide
Propiverine
Quinidine
Revefenacin
Rociverine
RU-47,213
SCH-57,790
SCH-72,788
SCH-217,443
Scopolamine (hyoscine)
Scopolamine butylbromide (hyoscine butylbromide)
Silahexacyclium
Sofpironium bromide
Solifenacin
SSRIs
(e.g., femoxetine , paroxetine )
Telenzepine
Terodiline
Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine )
Tiemonium iodide
Timepidium bromide
Tiotropium bromide
Tiquizium bromide
Tofenacin
Tolterodine
Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline (+perphenazine ), amitriptylinoxide , butriptyline , cidoxepin , clomipramine , desipramine , desmethyldesipramine , dibenzepin , dosulepin (dothiepin) , doxepin , imipramine , lofepramine , nitroxazepine , northiaden (desmethyldosulepin) , nortriptyline , protriptyline , quinupramine , trimipramine )
Tridihexethyl
Trihexyphenidyl
Trimebutine
Tripitamine (tripitramine)
Tropacine
Tropatepine
Tropicamide
Trospium chloride
Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , chlorprothixene , cyamemazine (cyamepromazine) , loxapine , mesoridazine , thioridazine )
Umeclidinium bromide (+vilanterol )
WIN-2299
Xanomeline
Zamifenacin
Precursors (and prodrugs )
nAChRs
Agonists (and PAMs
)
5-HIAA
A-84,543
A-366,833
A-582,941
A-867,744
ABT-202
ABT-418
ABT-560
ABT-894
Acetylcholine
Altinicline
Anabasine
Anatoxin-a
AR-R17779
Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate
Butinoline
Butyrylcholine
Carbachol
Choline
Cotinine
Cytisine
Decamethonium
Desformylflustrabromine
Dianicline
Dimethylphenylpiperazinium
Epibatidine
Epiboxidine
Ethanol (alcohol)
Ethoxysebacylcholine
EVP-4473
EVP-6124
Galantamine
GTS-21
Ispronicline
Ivermectin
JNJ-39393406
Levamisole
Lobeline
MEM-63,908 (RG-3487)
Morantel
Nicotine (tobacco )
NS-1738
PHA-543,613
PHA-709,829
PNU-120,596
PNU-282,987
Pozanicline
Pyrantel
Rivanicline
RJR-2429
Sazetidine A
SB-206553
Sebacylcholine
SIB-1508Y
SIB-1553A
SSR-180,711
Suberyldicholine
Suxamethonium (succinylcholine)
Suxethonium (succinyldicholine)
TC-1698
TC-1734
TC-1827
TC-2216
TC-5214
TC-5619
TC-6683
Tebanicline
Tribendimidine
Tropisetron
UB-165
Varenicline
WAY-317,538
XY-4083
Antagonists (and NAMs
)
Precursors (and prodrugs )
H1
Others: Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., aripiprazole , asenapine , brexpiprazole , brilaroxazine , clozapine , iloperidone , olanzapine , paliperidone , quetiapine , risperidone , ziprasidone , zotepine )
Phenylpiperazine antidepressants (e.g., hydroxynefazodone , nefazodone , trazodone , triazoledione )
Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine , loxapine , maprotiline , mianserin , mirtazapine , oxaprotiline )
Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline , butriptyline , clomipramine , desipramine , dosulepin (dothiepin) , doxepin , imipramine , iprindole , lofepramine , nortriptyline , protriptyline , trimipramine )
Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , flupenthixol , fluphenazine , loxapine , perphenazine , prochlorperazine , thioridazine , thiothixene )
H2 H3 H4
Simple piperazines(no additional rings) Phenylpiperazines
2C-B-PP
3,4-CFP
Acaprazine
Antrafenine
Aripiprazole
Batoprazine
Bifeprunox
BRL-15,572
Ciprofloxacin
CSP-2503
Dapiprazole
DCPP
DMPP
Diphenylpiperazine
Dropropizine
EGIS-12,233
Elopiprazole
Eltoprazine
Enpiprazole
Ensaculin
Etoperidone
Flesinoxan
Fluanisone
Flibanserin
Fluprazine
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Levodropropizine
Lorpiprazole
mCPP
Mefway
MeOPP
Mepiprazole
Naftopidil
Naluzotan
Naphthylpiperazine
Nefazodone
Niaprazine
Oxypertine
Pardoprunox
pCPP
pFPP
Posaconazole
S-14,506
S-14,671
S-15,535
SB-258,585
SB-271,046
SB-357,134
SB-399,885
Sonepiprazole
TFMPP
Tolpiprazole
Trazodone
Urapidil
Vesnarinone
Vilazodone
Vortioxetine
WAY-100,135
WAY-100,635
Benzylpiperazines Diphenylalkylpiperazines (benzhydrylalkylpiperazines) Pyrimidinylpiperazines Pyridinylpiperazines Benzo(iso)thiazolyl piperazines Tricyclics (piperazine attached via side chain) Others/Uncategorized
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